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Linguistics/Related Articles
From Citizendium, the Citizens' Compendium
- See also changes and topics related to Linguistics, or pages that link to Linguistics or to this page or whose text contains "Linguistics".
Parent topics
- Science [r]: The organized body of knowledge based on non–trivial refutable concepts that can be verified or rejected on the base of observation and experimentation [e]
- Social science [r]: Any of a number of academic disciplines which study human social behavior, institutions and relations. [e]
- Language [r]: A type of communication system; this term is used in linguistics, computer science and other fields to refer to different systems, including 'natural language' in humans, programming languages run on computers, and so on. [e]
Subtopics
- Grammar [r]: The structural rules that govern the composition of sentences, phrases, and words in any language; alternatively, the system of language itself, i.e. the principles common to all languages. [e]
- Natural language [r]: A communication system based on sequences of acoustic, visual or tactile symbols that serve as units of meaning. [e]
- Biolinguistics [r]: An interdisciplinary field that explores human natural language’s fundamental properties, development in individuals, use in thinking and communicating, brain implementation, genetic underpinnings, and evolutionary origins. [e]
Subdisciplines
Core areas
- Phonology [r]: In linguistics, the study of the system used to represent language, including sounds in spoken language and hand movements in sign language. [e]
- Syntax [r]: The study of the rules, or 'patterned relations', that govern the way words combine to form phrases and phrases to form sentences. [e]
- Morphology [r]: The study of word structure; the study of such patterns of word-formation across and within languages, and attempts to explicate formal rules reflective of the knowledge of the speakers of those languages. [e]
- Semantics [r]: The subfield of the study of language which focuses on meaning. [e]
- Pragmatics [r]: Branch of linguistics concerned with language in use or the study of meaning as it arises from language occurring in context. [e]
- Phonetics [r]: Study of speech sounds and their perception, production, combination, and description. [e]
Fields of linguistics
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Language acquisition
- Language acquisition [r]: The study of how language comes to users of first and second languages. [e]
- First language acquisition [r]: Study of the processes through which humans acquire language, specifically first languages, which studies infants' acquisition of their native language. [e]
- Second language acquisition [r]: Process by which people learn a second language in addition to their native language(s), where the language to be learned is often referred to as the 'target language'. [e]
- Language attrition [r]: The loss of a first or second language or a portion of that language by individuals. [e]
- Critical period [r]: Limited time in which an event can occur, usually resulting in some kind of transformation. [e]
- Critical period hypothesis [r]: Hypothesis which claims that there is an ideal 'window' of time to acquire language in a linguistically rich environment, after which this is no longer possible. [e]
Applied linguistics
- Applied linguistics [r]: The application of linguistic theories to practical issues and problems, such as language learning. [e]
- Clinical linguistics [r]: Add brief definition or description
Linguists
Notable figures
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Other researchers
- Martha Young-Scholten [r]: linguist specialising in the phonology and syntax of second language acquisition (SLA); senior lecturer at the University of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. [e]
History of linguistics
- History of linguistics [r]: Chronological study of the science which endeavours to describe and explain the human faculty of language. [e]
- Contextual linguistics [r]: Add brief definition or description
Descriptions of language
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Attitudes to language and linguistic study
- Linguistic prescriptivism [r]: The laying down or prescribing of normative rules for the use of a language, or the making of recommendations for effective language usage. [e]
- Cognitive science [r]: The scientific study either of mind or intelligence and includes parts of cognitive psychology, linguistics and computer science. [e]
Communication and discourse
- Communication [r]: The set of interactive processes that create shared meaning. [e]
- Stylistics [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Discourse analysis [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Paralanguage [r]: Set of nonphonemic properties of speech, such as speaking tempo, vocal pitch, and intonational contours, that can be used to communicate attitudes or other shades of meaning. [e]
- Speech Recognition [r]: The ability to recognize and understand human speech, especially when done by computers. [e]
