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- ...cose levels and inhibited by falling glucose levels. The overall effect of insulin is to stimulate anabolic (energy storage) processes to lower blood levels o ...by Norrman, Hubalek and Schluckebier (2007) Structural characterization of insulin NPH formulations. Eur.J.Pharm.Sci. 30: 414-423.</ref>}}21 KB (2,988 words) - 06:24, 9 October 2013
- 12 bytes (1 word) - 19:27, 3 November 2007
- 84 bytes (9 words) - 05:40, 21 September 2008
- See ''Article on [[insulin]], if necessary, to better understand present article.'' ...the 2013 Medical Subject Headings of the National Library of Medicine, '''insulin resistance''' consists of8 KB (1,179 words) - 17:37, 10 March 2014
- 214 bytes (25 words) - 14:43, 28 May 2009
- ...ic cell representing about 50-80% of the islet cells. Beta cells secrete [[insulin]]."<ref>{{MeSH}}</ref> ...insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man |journal=Diabetologia |volume=28 |issue=7 |pages=412�836 bytes (106 words) - 09:13, 30 September 2009
- ...iabetes mellitus characterized by decreased sensitivity of target cells to insulin.137 bytes (16 words) - 19:31, 7 September 2009
- ...books/pathphys/endocrine/pancreas/insulin_phys.html Physiologic Effects of Insulin]. 2009. Author: R. Bowen.192 bytes (25 words) - 17:14, 31 May 2012
- 32 bytes (3 words) - 04:24, 17 November 2007
- ...009) [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2009.04.047 Permanent impairment of insulin resistance from pregnancy to adulthood: the primary basic risk factor of ch ...k factors associated with IR have to be taken into account.</font><!--\Dat\Insulin Resistance\-->4 KB (600 words) - 17:05, 25 February 2013
- Auto-populated based on [[Special:WhatLinksHere/Insulin resistance]]. Needs checking by a human.665 bytes (82 words) - 17:27, 11 January 2010
- Insulin-producing cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas, also called B125 bytes (17 words) - 09:16, 30 September 2009
Page text matches
- ...ic cell representing about 50-80% of the islet cells. Beta cells secrete [[insulin]]."<ref>{{MeSH}}</ref> ...insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man |journal=Diabetologia |volume=28 |issue=7 |pages=412�836 bytes (106 words) - 09:13, 30 September 2009
- ...ent ingestion, or postprandially."<ref>{{MeSH}}</ref> Thus, incretin is an insulin [[secretagogue]].288 bytes (34 words) - 01:42, 7 October 2013
- ...because people with any type of diabetes mellitus may need treatment with insulin.737 bytes (105 words) - 04:07, 24 September 2013
- {{r|Insulin}} {{r|Insulin resistance}}400 bytes (45 words) - 11:03, 3 February 2009
- Adipokine secreted by visceral fat with effects similar to those of insulin.112 bytes (15 words) - 05:01, 20 May 2008
- Relative or absolute lack of insulin leading to uncontrolled carbohydrate metabolism.122 bytes (14 words) - 08:01, 7 September 2009
- ...al drug used in the treatment of [[diabetes]], which appears to decrease [[insulin resistance]]136 bytes (18 words) - 23:56, 10 January 2010
- ...hysiologist (1891-1941) who was awarded a Nobel Prize for his discovery of insulin.129 bytes (17 words) - 22:31, 22 May 2008
- Insulin dependent diabetes or juvenile diabetes.85 bytes (9 words) - 08:02, 7 September 2009
- ...books/pathphys/endocrine/pancreas/insulin_phys.html Physiologic Effects of Insulin]. 2009. Author: R. Bowen.192 bytes (25 words) - 17:14, 31 May 2012
- ...iabetes mellitus characterized by decreased sensitivity of target cells to insulin.137 bytes (16 words) - 19:31, 7 September 2009
- Pre-diabetic state of dysglycemia, that is associated with insulin resistance and increased risk of cardiovascular pathology.162 bytes (19 words) - 18:49, 7 September 2009
- Insulin-producing cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas, also called B125 bytes (17 words) - 09:16, 30 September 2009
- ...in late pregnancy when [[insulin]] antagonistic hormones peaks leading to insulin resistance; glucose intolerance; and hyperglycemia."<ref>{{MeSH|Diabetes, G1 KB (139 words) - 07:52, 19 January 2010
- (1850 – 1935) Physiologist who coined the words "insulin" and "endocrine" and who demonstrated the existence of adrenaline.161 bytes (18 words) - 14:54, 25 January 2009
- Gastrointestinal hormones that cause an increase in the amount of insulin released from the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans after eating.181 bytes (26 words) - 19:08, 7 September 2009
- ...ings, which inhibits the heart, contracts the pupils, and produces a vagus-insulin axis of activity.216 bytes (29 words) - 08:03, 8 September 2009
- ...id progression to [[diabetic ketoacidosis]], and death unless treated with insulin. The disease may occur at any age, but is most common in childhood or adole857 bytes (102 words) - 14:18, 29 March 2009
- A metabolic disorder caused by a relative or absolute deficiency of [[insulin]], and characterized by [[hyperglycemia]], dehydration, [[acidosis]]], and220 bytes (28 words) - 17:36, 26 May 2009
- ...ecules are added to chains of glycogen for storage, which is stimulated by insulin from the pancreas.193 bytes (28 words) - 10:51, 5 September 2009
- ...009) [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2009.04.047 Permanent impairment of insulin resistance from pregnancy to adulthood: the primary basic risk factor of ch ...k factors associated with IR have to be taken into account.</font><!--\Dat\Insulin Resistance\-->4 KB (600 words) - 17:05, 25 February 2013
- {{r|Insulin}} {{r|Insulin-like growth factor}} (IGF, also somatomedin)1 KB (175 words) - 08:13, 8 November 2010
- ...rease in response to a variety of hormones, including [[acetylcholine]], [[insulin]], and [[oxytocin]] and it has been found to activate specific protein [[ki385 bytes (52 words) - 17:06, 14 May 2010
- ...molecules are added to chains of glycogen. This process is activated by [[insulin]] in response to high glucose levels. ...ynthase is activated by phosphoprotein phoshatase, which is activated by [[insulin]].1 KB (211 words) - 09:00, 14 September 2013
- See ''Article on [[insulin]], if necessary, to better understand present article.'' ...the 2013 Medical Subject Headings of the National Library of Medicine, '''insulin resistance''' consists of8 KB (1,179 words) - 17:37, 10 March 2014
- ...lphia General Hospital and in 1927 he submitted a thesis on "The Sulfur in Insulin" to the School of Medicine of [[Rochester University]] which earned him the ...hns Hopkins University Medical School]], where he continued his studies on insulin. A second fellowship enabled him to travel abroad, and work with George Bar2 KB (368 words) - 16:47, 27 January 2023
- ...useful quantities of a chemical manufactured by the human body, such as [[insulin]]. ...ular modifications were made to change the duration of action of a dose of insulin, while still having the same role in sugar metabolism, it can be argued if5 KB (817 words) - 06:29, 31 May 2009
- {{r|Insulin resistance}}491 bytes (62 words) - 15:57, 11 January 2010
- ...bdominal fat; atherogenic dyslipidemia; [[hypertension]]; hyperglycemia; [[insulin resistance]]; a proinflammatory state; and a prothrombotic (thrombosis) sta629 bytes (71 words) - 11:35, 17 April 2009
- ...e]]. Glucose molecules are added to the chains of glycogen as long as both insulin and glucose remain plentiful. In this [[postprandial]] or "fed" state, the After a meal has been digested and glucose levels begin to fall, insulin secretion is reduced, and glycogen synthesis stops. About four hours after5 KB (834 words) - 14:45, 26 September 2007
- {{r|Insulin-secreting cell}} {{r|Insulin}}2 KB (302 words) - 14:21, 8 March 2024
- {{r|Insulin}}619 bytes (77 words) - 18:53, 11 January 2010
- *[[IGF-1]] and other [[insulin-like growth factor]]s *[[Insulin]]2 KB (286 words) - 02:03, 2 June 2009
- {{r|Insulin}}520 bytes (65 words) - 16:52, 11 January 2010
- Auto-populated based on [[Special:WhatLinksHere/Insulin resistance]]. Needs checking by a human.665 bytes (82 words) - 17:27, 11 January 2010
- {{r|Insulin resistance}}692 bytes (87 words) - 18:27, 11 January 2010
- {{r|Insulin}}605 bytes (75 words) - 15:56, 11 January 2010
- {{r|Insulin}}864 bytes (108 words) - 15:56, 11 January 2010
- ....'' (2003) The atherogenic lipoprotein profile associated with obesity and insulin resistance is largely attributable to intra-abdominal fat. ''Diabetes'' 52: ..., Clapham JC (1998) Insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance and non-insulin dependent diabetes, pathologic mechanism and treatment: current status and5 KB (669 words) - 08:49, 11 October 2010
- *[[Insulin]], produced in the pancreas {{r|Insulin-like growth factor}}2 KB (295 words) - 10:18, 30 May 2009
- {{r|Insulin resistance}}1 KB (130 words) - 17:26, 11 January 2010
- ...[repaglinide]] or [[nateglinide]]. Metformin may also be supplemented with insulin. ...nsitivity to insulin, decreasing hepatic glucose production and increasing insulin-stimulated uptake and utilization of glucose by muscle and fat cells.4 KB (519 words) - 10:54, 12 August 2014
- Insulin resistance may occur when the GFR falls below 50 ml per minute per 1.73 m<s ...actually be a grave sign of renal dysfunction, requiring ''reduction'' of insulin or oral hypoglycemic drug doses.<ref name=eMed-Uremia />4 KB (590 words) - 20:50, 4 January 2010
- ==Insulin== *Bruning JC ''et al.'' (2000) Role of brain insulin receptor in control of body weight and reproduction. ''Science'' 289:2122-55 KB (702 words) - 17:23, 25 April 2013
- ...agon. These chemicals variously have effects on carbohydrate metabolism, [[insulin resistance]], and the sensation of satiety (i.e., fullness).981 bytes (142 words) - 09:38, 23 September 2008
- ...cz DP (2003) Adiposity signals and food reward: expanding the CNS roles of insulin and leptin ''Am J Physiol'' 284:R882-92 Figlewicz DP, Benoit SC (2009) Insulin, leptin, and food reward: update ''Am J Physiol'' 296:R9-R194 KB (553 words) - 12:33, 19 August 2012
- ...two keto oxygens. Members are insulin-sensitizing agents which overcome [[insulin resistance]] by activation of the peroxisome proliferator activated recepto ...sensitizer, may reduce atherosclerosis compared to sulfonylureas which are insulin secretagogues.<ref> Nissen, S. E., Nicholls, S. J., Wolski, K., Nesto, R.,6 KB (804 words) - 14:35, 2 February 2023
- *[[Insulin Resistance Syndrome|insulin resistance syndrome]] or type 2 diabetes3 KB (461 words) - 16:47, 20 January 2008
- ...e in response to a variety of [[hormone]]s, including [[acetylcholine]], [[insulin]], and [[oxytocin]] and it has been found to activate specific [[protein ki1 KB (203 words) - 10:53, 9 July 2009
- ===Insulin sensitivity=== ===Insulin production===8 KB (1,147 words) - 08:16, 4 April 2011
- {{r|Insulin}}2 KB (192 words) - 16:55, 11 January 2010
- {{r|Insulin}}2 KB (206 words) - 14:21, 8 March 2024
- ...4117] (c.482C>T) of apolipoprotein C-III which are also associated with [[insulin resistance]] and [[hypertriglyceridemia]].<ref name="pmid20335584">{{cite2 KB (235 words) - 10:42, 17 October 2010
- ...cose levels and inhibited by falling glucose levels. The overall effect of insulin is to stimulate anabolic (energy storage) processes to lower blood levels o ...by Norrman, Hubalek and Schluckebier (2007) Structural characterization of insulin NPH formulations. Eur.J.Pharm.Sci. 30: 414-423.</ref>}}21 KB (2,988 words) - 06:24, 9 October 2013
- ...t al.'' (2000) The central melanocortin system can directly regulate serum insulin levels ''Endocrinology'' 141:3072-9</ref><ref>Gantz I, Fong TM (2003) The m ...han POMC cleavage. For example, PC1 is essential for the biosynthesis of [[insulin]] and PC2 for the biosynthesis of [[glucagon]]. However, transgenic mice de10 KB (1,388 words) - 10:34, 24 July 2011
- {{r|Insulin receptor||**}}2 KB (234 words) - 00:42, 13 January 2009
- ...ily of [[Diabetes mellitus type 1|Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus]] with severe [[insulin]] deficiency and [[hyperglycemia]]. It is characterized by excessive [[lipo Treatment begins with fluid replacement; insulin is not started immediately. As DKA is treated, DKA converts from a high ani6 KB (797 words) - 07:58, 17 October 2011
- {{R|Insulin}}2 KB (214 words) - 01:02, 23 September 2008
- ...docrine system. [[Diabetes]], a disease that can come about because of low insulin levels, is one of the more common problems treated by endocrinologists.4 KB (541 words) - 12:38, 18 August 2010
- == Insulin Resistance in Correlation with Sarcopenia == ...health, leading to even further loss of muscle mass and mobility, further insulin resistance, and a risk of developing a metabolic syndrome <ref name=Nar />.7 KB (1,068 words) - 16:01, 14 October 2013
- ...IGT) is a pre-[[diabetic]] state of dysglycemia, that is associated with [[insulin resistance]] and increased risk of cardiovascular pathology. IGT may preced2 KB (219 words) - 17:30, 12 June 2010
- ...he HPA axis serves as one arm of a two-hormone system (corticosteroids and insulin) that regulates energy balance over the long term. Next, we will describe o ...l hypothalamic nuclei to effect an interaction between corticosteroids and insulin such that optimal metabolism results in response to changes in the fed or f6 KB (817 words) - 12:39, 7 November 2010
- ...atin acts primarily in a paracrine manner to inhibit the secretion of both insulin and glucagon. It also suppresses pancreatic exocrine secretions, by inhibit ...logically, but is a more potent inhibitor of growth hormone, glucagon, and insulin than the natural hormone. The [[Food and Drug Administration]] has approved6 KB (912 words) - 17:45, 10 February 2024
- ...other opioids inhibit the release of [[vasopressin]], [[somatostatin]], [[insulin]], and [[glucagon]]. Opioids close N-type voltage-operated [[calcium channe2 KB (245 words) - 15:51, 1 July 2011
- ...ns of diabetes were induced. This excess consumption led to increases in [[insulin]] production, plasma [[glucose]], [[triglycerides]] and eventually impaired ...f insulin in their blood, and normal insulin receptors, but the binding of insulin to its receptors does not turn on the glucose-transporting machinery.22 KB (3,226 words) - 23:57, 24 February 2012
- ...abetes, is a syndrome of abnormal [[glucose]] metabolism, associated with insulin resistance and increased risk cardiovascular pathology, although of lesser2 KB (247 words) - 16:18, 12 June 2010
- ...] (c.482C>T) of [[apolipoprotein C-III]] which are also associated with [[insulin resistance]] and [[hypertriglyceridemia]].<ref name="pmid20335584">{{cite ===Increasing insulin sensitivity===13 KB (1,824 words) - 20:28, 25 June 2012
- The best-known animal hormones are those, like [[insulin]], [[estrogen]], and [[testosterone]], that are made by [[endocrine gland]] ...mally low activity of the receptor for insulin, rather than a problem with insulin production.10 KB (1,501 words) - 06:37, 9 June 2009
- ...ardiovascular Risk Factor Profile Between Healhty Nonobese Women and Obese Insulin-Resistant Women. ''Diabetes Care'' 30(8). 2145-2147 PMID 17507694</ref>. • High insulin sensitivity16 KB (2,369 words) - 09:35, 1 December 2013
- ...so affect the dopamine reward pathways <ref>Figlewicz DP, Benoit SC (2009) Insulin, leptin, and food reward: update 2008 ''Am J Physiol'' 296:R9-19</ref> Rece or inhibition e.g. by insulin or leptin of dopamine signalling to the nucleus accumbens <ref>Magni P ''et15 KB (2,139 words) - 12:15, 19 August 2012
- ...://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1203957 |issn=}}</ref> Examples include the [[insulin receptor]], [[Epidermal growth factor receptor|ErbB-1 receptor]], and [[Erb2 KB (273 words) - 11:27, 4 May 2010
- ...n]] (CCK), [[glucagon-like peptide-1]] (GLP-1), [[peptide YY]] (PYY) and [[insulin]] which all have roles in appetite regulation. The [[vagus nerve]] is also ...sulin]] secretion and suppresses [[glucagon]] secretion; it also increases insulin sensitivity. GLP-1 also activates anorexigenic neurons in the [[arcuate nuc14 KB (2,125 words) - 10:33, 13 September 2011
- ..., Mahmood F, Matyal R, Mitchell JD et al.| title=Continuous perioperative insulin infusion decreases major cardiovascular events in patients undergoing vasc ...Gandhi GY, Nuttall GA, Abel MD, ''et al'' |title=Intensive intraoperative insulin therapy versus conventional glucose management during cardiac surgery: a r15 KB (1,978 words) - 22:51, 13 December 2012
- ...7] (c.482C>T) of [[apolipoprotein C-III]] which are also associated with [[insulin resistance]] and [[hypertriglyceridemia]].<ref name="pmid20335584">{{cite j3 KB (413 words) - 12:10, 12 May 2015
- ...al |author= |title=Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients3 KB (406 words) - 10:17, 12 December 2011
- ...ow-carbohydrate diets induce rapid weight loss, reduce fasting glucose and insulin levels, reduce circulating triglyceride levels and lower blood pressure. Ho Lara-Castro C, Garvey WT (2004) Diet, insulin resistance, and obesity: zoning in on data for Atkins dieters living in Sou7 KB (1,101 words) - 13:52, 18 February 2010
- ...s. ''Ann Surg''. 243: 108–114. ''(We examined meal-stimulated responses of insulin, ghrelin, peptide YY (PYY), glucagon-like-peptide-1 (GLP-1), and pancreatic ...on Fasting & Postprandial Concentrations of Plasma Ghrelin, Peptide YY, & Insulin". ''The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism'' 90(1):359-365 ("8 KB (1,072 words) - 12:26, 15 November 2009
- ...oactive mediators that influence not only body weight homeostasis but also insulin resistance — the core feature of type 2 diabetes — as well as alteratio ...the metabolism of endogenous hormones-including sex steroids, insulin, and insulin-like growth factors-which can lead to distortion of the normal balance betw13 KB (1,805 words) - 02:37, 16 February 2010
- ...=The rat arcuate nucleus integrates peripheral signals provided by leptin, insulin, and a ghrelin mimetic |journal=Diabetes |volume=51 |pages=3412–9. pmid= ...=The rat arcuate nucleus integrates peripheral signals provided by leptin, insulin, and a ghrelin mimetic |journal= Diabetes |volume=51 |pages=3412–98 KB (1,105 words) - 04:16, 22 July 2011
- ...ake up the sugar from the [[blood]]. (In Type I [[diabetes]], insufficient insulin is made, and cells do not know to take up glucose, resulting in high blood7 KB (1,002 words) - 10:10, 14 August 2010
- ...d common examples that have reached the market. The production of human [[insulin]] through the use of modified [[bacteria]], the production of [[erythropoie The first Genetically Engineered drug was human insulin approved by the USA's FDA7 KB (1,045 words) - 06:31, 9 June 2009
- ...gh [[insulin]], or alternatively, when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces." ===Diabetes mellitus:imbalance between insulin secretion and insulin resistance===33 KB (4,839 words) - 10:20, 6 December 2023
- ...n Female Mice Leads to Offspring Hyperphagia, Adiposity, Hypertension, and Insulin Resistance. Sammuelsson et al, 20083 KB (336 words) - 05:47, 9 October 2010
- ...g a high fat diet, the CB1 null mice do not become obese or insensitive to insulin or leptin, as wild type mice may, even though they consumed as much food.6 KB (997 words) - 19:31, 20 May 2009
- ...ammation]], control of [[appetite]] and [[energy balance]], sensitivity to insulin, the metabolism of fats, and the [[angiogenesis|growth of new blood vessels ...ptin administration: cross-sectional and interventional studies in normal, insulin-resistant, and diabetic subjects ''J Clin Endocrinol Metab'' 88:4848-56 PMI31 KB (4,537 words) - 09:57, 18 February 2011
- {{r|Insulin}}4 KB (505 words) - 16:36, 11 January 2010
- {{r|Insulin}}4 KB (486 words) - 19:46, 11 January 2010
- ...ntional sense even if they are not HTG, as they still display an increased insulin level, proving that NWO is a risk factor for diseases such as type II diabe ...obesity and NWO is a BMI of 27kg/m<sup>2</sup>. High circulating levels of insulin were found in patients suffering from coronary heart disease, type II diabe22 KB (3,507 words) - 09:44, 1 December 2013
- ...sodium glutamate and lysine, vitamins, and therapeutic proteins such as [[insulin]] and [[growth hormone]]s.3 KB (509 words) - 02:33, 8 June 2009
- ...en the body no longer makes its own), or with drugs to reduce the acquired insulin resistance of body cells in Type II diabetes. Many new therapies directly8 KB (1,132 words) - 16:58, 19 December 2010
- ...te|fat]]; atherogenic dyslipidemia; [[hypertension]]; [[hyperglycemia]]; [[insulin]] resistance; a proinflammatory state; and a prothrombotic (thrombosis) sta ...sistance of certain cell types of the body to the ability of the hormone [[insulin]] to promote the entry into [[cell]]s of the energy-rich molecule, [[glucos18 KB (2,518 words) - 22:14, 21 March 2013
- ...nes' mother ultimately regretted approving her son to be administrated the insulin shock treatments. <ref>http://longhairedboy.blogspot.com/2011/02/townes-van7 KB (1,141 words) - 13:24, 19 June 2011
- ...is synthesized within an organism or outside an organism. For instance, [[insulin]] is a hormone that is synthesized in the pancreas, but if it is introduced4 KB (620 words) - 08:22, 11 April 2024
- ...fasting and postprandial concentrations of plasma ghrelin, peptide YY, and insulin. ''J Clin Endocrinol Metab'' 90:359-65</ref> <ref>Holdstock C ''et al.''(20 ...n GIP levels with peripheral receptor down-regulation that is analogous to insulin insensitivity. Diet-induced weight loss increases GIP levels after a nutrie18 KB (2,561 words) - 10:26, 24 July 2011
- ...ic peptide]] (ANP) or atrial natriuretic factor (ANF)) and [[pancreas]] ([[insulin]] and [[somatostatin]]), the gastrointestinal tract ([[cholecystokinin]], [4 KB (595 words) - 08:21, 8 November 2010
- ...ting in the blood inform the brain about the body’s nutritional status. [[Insulin]] and [[leptin]], (which both suppress appetite) and [[ghrelin]] (which ind ...urge to consume “comfort foods”. The combination of “comfort foods”, high insulin levels and high glucocorticoid levels increases abdominal fat depots. This13 KB (2,018 words) - 10:16, 24 July 2011
- Intravenous [[insulin]] with [[glucose]], and inhaled [[adrenergic beta-agonist]]s, used separate4 KB (517 words) - 23:17, 9 November 2010
- ...hen blood glucose levels are low, and its effects are opposite to those of insulin. In the liver, glucagon stimulates glycogen degradation and the absorption ...ypothalamus is also sensitive to circulating concentrations of glucose and insulin, and to body temperature. When the ambient temperature is low, the metaboli14 KB (2,059 words) - 12:47, 6 September 2013
- ...hen blood glucose levels are low, and its effects are opposite to those of insulin. In the liver, glucagon stimulates glycogen degradation and the absorption ...ypothalamus is also sensitive to circulating concentrations of glucose and insulin, and to body temperature. When the ambient temperature is low, the metaboli14 KB (2,063 words) - 12:41, 6 September 2013
- ===Development of leptin and insulin resistance during different reproductive states=== ...the association of obesity with chronic inflammation, oxidative stress and insulin resistance <ref name=Wuntakal09/>. A further, well documented implication o14 KB (2,124 words) - 10:09, 24 July 2011