CZ:Mathematics Workgroup: Difference between revisions
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{{WorkgroupTop|Mathematics}} | |||
* Useful page for mathematics authors: [[CZ:Formatting mathematics]]. | |||
* Is there any [http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/Special:Newpages new hot math-related stuff?] If so, let's mark it by inserting <nowiki>[[Category:Mathematics Workgroup]]</nowiki>. | |||
==Core articles== | |||
{{Core-articles-note}} ''Click [[CZ:Core Articles/Mathematics|here]] to edit this transcluded list.'' | |||
{{CZ:Core Articles/Mathematics}} | |||
==Articles== | |||
{{subtopics-note}} | |||
{{r|Mathematics}} | |||
{{:Mathematics/Related Articles}} | |||
== Help plan Mathematics Week! == | |||
'''[[CZ:Mathematics_Workgroup/Workgroup_Week|Go here and sign up!]]''' | |||
== Work plan white paper == | == Work plan white paper == | ||
The topics below are part of the division of mathematical knowledge to subdisciplines; they come from the 2000 Math. subject classification of the AMS [http://www.ams.org/msc/index.html#browse] and ZMATH [http://zmath.u-strasbg.fr/math-cgi-bin/zmscen?level=0&zb=/math-cgi-bin/zmen&maxdocs=300&type=zmath&form=/ZMATH/en/quick.html], with some minor edits. Each of these top level topics is a big subject, and it is not necessarily our first priority to write a long article on these entries. Our object with outlining this list is to establish a framework. We recommend that when you write a new article, you should try to find a proper node for it. Do not hesitate to put a link for an article you want to work on soon. Feel free to do the same to request a particular important topic to be covered. | The topics below are part of the division of mathematical knowledge to subdisciplines; they come from the 2000 Math. subject classification of the AMS <ref>[http://www.ams.org/msc/index.html#browse]</ref> and ZMATH <ref>[http://zmath.u-strasbg.fr/math-cgi-bin/zmscen?level=0&zb=/math-cgi-bin/zmen&maxdocs=300&type=zmath&form=/ZMATH/en/quick.html]</ref>, with some minor edits. Each of these top level topics is a big subject, and it is not necessarily our first priority to write a long article on these entries. Our object with outlining this list is to establish a framework. We recommend that when you write a new article, you should try to find a proper node for it. Do not hesitate to put a link for an article you want to work on soon. Feel free to do the same to request a particular important topic to be covered. | ||
Remarks: | Remarks: | ||
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Caveats: | Caveats: | ||
* Do not copy articles from | * Do not copy articles from Wikipedia without carefully reading them, verifying both scope and focus. Besides, why not consider writing your article from scratch? Often this permits a better logical structure and more coherence. See [[CZ:How to convert Wikipedia articles to Citizendium articles]] | ||
* Keep in mind three audiences when writing an article: general readers, math students and professionals. | * Keep in mind three audiences when writing an article: general readers, math students and professionals. | ||
==Most wanted math entries== | |||
From the encyclopedic point of view, the "high priority" articles are probably listed below at the top level of the tree (or in the table of contents). These are, however, relatively wide syntheses. You may want to start with a bit smaller tasks. A collection of important entries to write (of both types) can be found on the '''[[CZ:Core_Articles/Natural_Sciences|Core Articles]]''' page (still to be reviewed and reorganized). | |||
Most popular Wikipedia math entries are: [[Pi]], [[Mathematics]] , [[prime number]], [[computer]], [[trapezoid]]. These come from the list of 1000 most viewed pages in March 2007.<ref>[http://hemlock.knams.wikimedia.org/%7Eleon/stats/wikicharts/index.php?wiki=enwiki&ns=articles&limit=1000&mode=view]</ref> This varies heavily over the time. | |||
On [[Planet Math]], the most popular (as of March 2007) were:<ref>see [http://planetmath.org/?op=enlist&mode=hits Planet Math] stats page</ref> | |||
[[circle]], | |||
[[proof of Markov's inequality]], | |||
[[Cauchy-Schwarz inequality]], | |||
[[matrix inverse]], | |||
[[Banach fixed point theorem]], | |||
[[metric space]], | |||
[[invariant subspace]], | |||
[[function]], | |||
[[manifold]], | |||
[[eigenvalue]], | |||
[[quartic formula]], | |||
[[Jensen's inequality]], | |||
[[cross product]], | |||
[[real number]], | |||
[[differential equation]], | |||
[[gradient]], | |||
[[natural number]], | |||
[[Jacobian matrix]], | |||
[[Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization]], | |||
[[rational number]]. | |||
__TOC__ | __TOC__ | ||
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''(for calculus see 26-XX Real functions below)'' | ''(for calculus see 26-XX Real functions below)'' | ||
* elementary mathematics (pre-university level) <!-- high school is not well known e.g. in continental europe--> | * elementary mathematics (pre-university level) <!-- high school is not well known e.g. in continental europe--> | ||
:: [[Elementary functions]] | |||
:: [[trigonometric function]] <!-- just an example!--> | :: [[trigonometric function]] <!-- just an example!--> | ||
:: [[point]] [[line]] [[plane]] [[solid (geometry)|solid]] stubs | :: [[point]] [[line]] [[plane]] [[solid (geometry)|solid]] stubs | ||
:: [[elementary algebra]] | :: [[elementary algebra]] | ||
:: for suggestions of useful articles to write see also [[ | :: for suggestions of useful articles to write see also [[/List of mathematical topics#calculus topics|here]] (pre-calculus or geometry sections) | ||
==== 01-XX History and biography ==== | ==== 01-XX History and biography ==== | ||
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::[[Euler]] | ::[[Euler]] | ||
==== 03-XX Mathematical logic and foundations ==== | ==== 03-XX Mathematical logic and foundations ==== | ||
[[Set (mathematics) | Set theory]] | |||
====05-XX Combinatorics ==== | ====05-XX Combinatorics ==== | ||
====06-XX Order, lattices, ordered algebraic structures==== | ====06-XX Order, lattices, ordered algebraic structures==== | ||
* 06Axx [[Ordered set]]s | |||
* 06Bxx [[Lattice (order)|Lattice]]s | |||
* 06Cxx [[Modular lattice]]s, [[complemented lattice]]s | |||
* 06Dxx [[Distributive lattice]]s | |||
* 06Exx [[Boolean algebra]]s ([[Boolean ring]]s) | |||
* 06Fxx [[Ordered structure]]s | |||
====08-XX General algebraic systems==== | ====08-XX General algebraic systems==== | ||
====11-XX [[Number theory]]==== | ====11-XX [[Number theory]]==== | ||
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*11Bxx Sequences and sets | *11Bxx Sequences and sets | ||
*11Cxx Polynomials and matrices | *11Cxx Polynomials and matrices | ||
*11Dxx Diophantine | *11Dxx [[Diophantine equation]]s [See also 11Gxx, 14Gxx] | ||
*11Exx Forms and linear algebraic | *11Exx Forms and [[linear algebraic group]]s [See also 19Gxx] {For quadratic forms in linear algebra, see 15A63} | ||
*11Fxx Discontinuous groups and automorphic | *11Fxx Discontinuous groups and [[automorphic form]]s [See also 11R39, 11S37, 14Gxx, 14Kxx, 22E50, 22E55, 30F35, 32Nxx] {For relations with quadratic forms, see 11E45} | ||
*11Gxx Arithmetic algebraic geometry (Diophantine geometry) [See also 11Dxx, 14-xx, 14Gxx, 14Kxx] | *11Gxx [[Arithmetic algebraic geometry]] ([[Diophantine geometry]]) [See also 11Dxx, 14-xx, 14Gxx, 14Kxx] | ||
*11Hxx Geometry of numbers {For applications in coding theory, see 94B75} | *11Hxx [[Geometry of numbers]] {For applications in [[coding theory]], see 94B75} | ||
*11Jxx Diophantine approximation, transcendental number theory [See also 11K60] | *11Jxx [[Diophantine approximation]], [[transcendental number theory]] [See also 11K60] | ||
*11Kxx Probabilistic theory: distribution modulo | *11Kxx Probabilistic theory: [[distribution modulo 1]]; metric theory of algorithms | ||
*11Lxx [[Exponential | *11Lxx [[Exponential sum]]s and [[character sum]]s {For [[finite field]]s, see 11Txx} | ||
*11Mxx Zeta and <math>L</math>-functions: analytic theory | *11Mxx Zeta and <math>L</math>-functions: analytic theory | ||
*11Nxx Multiplicative number theory | *11Nxx [[Multiplicative number theory]] | ||
*11Pxx Additive number theory; [[ | *11Pxx [[Additive number theory]]; [[partition]]s | ||
*11Rxx Algebraic number theory: [[global | *11Rxx [[Algebraic number theory]]: [[global field]]s {For [[complex multiplication]], see 11G15} | ||
*11Sxx Algebraic number theory: [[local and <math>p</math>-adic fields | *11Sxx Algebraic number theory: [[local field|local]] and <math>p</math>-adic fields | ||
*11Txx [[Finite | *11Txx [[Finite field]]s and commutative rings (number-theoretic aspects) | ||
*11Uxx Connections with logic | *11Uxx Connections with logic | ||
*11Yxx Computational number theory [See also 11-04] | *11Yxx [[Computational number theory]] [See also 11-04] | ||
====12-XX Field theory and [[ | |||
====12-XX Field theory and [[polynomial]]s ==== | |||
*12Dxx Real and complex fields | *12Dxx Real and complex fields | ||
:: [[real | :: [[real number]]s | ||
:: [[complex | :: [[complex number]]s | ||
*12Exx General field theory | *12Exx General field theory | ||
*12Fxx Field | ** 12E05 [[Polynomial]]s (irreducibility, etc.) | ||
** 12E10 Special polynomials | |||
** 12E12 [[Equation]]s | |||
** 12E15 [[Skew field]]s, [[division ring]]s | |||
** 12E20 [[Finite field]]s (field-theoretic aspects) | |||
** 12E25 [[Hilbertian field]]s; Hilbert's irreducibility theorem | |||
** 12E30 Field arithmetic | |||
*12Fxx [[Field extension]]s | |||
*12Gxx Homological methods (field theory) | *12Gxx Homological methods (field theory) | ||
*12Hxx Differential and difference algebra | *12Hxx Differential and difference algebra | ||
*12Jxx Topological | *12Jxx [[Topological field]]s | ||
*12Kxx Generalizations of fields | *12Kxx Generalizations of fields | ||
*12Lxx Connections with logic | *12Lxx Connections with logic | ||
*12Yxx | *12Yxx | ||
**12Y05 Computational aspects of field theory and polynomials | **12Y05 Computational aspects of field theory and polynomials | ||
====13-XX Commutative rings and algebras==== | ====13-XX Commutative rings and algebras==== | ||
====14-XX [[Algebraic geometry]]==== | ====14-XX [[Algebraic geometry]]==== | ||
*14Axx Foundations | *14Axx Foundations | ||
**14A10 [[Varieties]] and [[ | **14A10 [[algebraic variety|Varieties]] and [[morphism]]s | ||
**14A15 [[Schemes]] and morphisms | **14A15 [[scheme (mathematics)|Schemes]] and morphisms | ||
**14A20 Generalizations ([[algebraic | **14A20 Generalizations ([[algebraic space]]s, [[stack (algebraic geometry)|stacks]]) | ||
**14A22 [[Noncommutative algebraic geometry]] | **14A22 [[Noncommutative algebraic geometry]] | ||
*14Bxx Local theory | *14Bxx Local theory | ||
**14B05 [[Singularities]] [See also 14E15, 14H20, 14J17, 32Sxx, 58Kxx] | **14B05 [[Singularity (algebraic geomtetry|Singularities]] [See also 14E15, 14H20, 14J17, 32Sxx, 58Kxx] | ||
**14B07 [[Deformations of singularities]] [See also 14D15, 32S30] | **14B07 [[Deformations of singularities|Deformation of singularities]] [See also 14D15, 32S30] | ||
**14B10 Infinitesimal methods [See also 13D10] | **14B10 Infinitesimal methods [See also 13D10] | ||
**14B12 [[Local deformation theory]], [[Artin approximation]], etc. [See also 13B40, 13D10] | **14B12 [[Local deformation theory]], [[Artin approximation]], etc. [See also 13B40, 13D10] | ||
**14B15 [[Local cohomology]] [See also 13D45, 32C36] | **14B15 [[Local cohomology]] [See also 13D45, 32C36] | ||
**14B20 [[Formal | **14B20 [[Formal neighborhood]]s | ||
**14B25 Local structure of morphisms: [[étale morphism]], [[flat morphism]], etc. [See also 13B40] | **14B25 Local structure of morphisms: [[étale morphism]], [[flat morphism]], etc. [See also 13B40] | ||
*14Cxx Cycles and | *14Cxx Cycles and [[subscheme]]s | ||
**14C05 Parametrization ([[Chow | **14C05 Parametrization ([[Chow scheme]]s and [[Hilbert scheme]]s) | ||
**14C15 [[Chow | **14C15 [[Chow group]]s and [[Chow ring|rings]] | ||
**14C17 [[Intersection theory]], [[characteristic classes]], [[intersection multiplicities]] [See also 13H15] | **14C17 [[Intersection theory]], [[characteristic classes]], [[intersection multiplicities]] [See also 13H15] | ||
**14C20 [[ | **14C20 [[Divisor]]s, [[Linear system (algebraic geometry)|linear system]]s, [[invertible sheaf|invertible sheaves]] | ||
**14C21 [[ | **14C21 [[Pencil]]s, [[net]]s, [[web]]s [See also 53A60] | ||
**14C22 [[Picard | **14C22 [[Picard group]]s | ||
**14C25 [[Algebraic | **14C25 [[Algebraic cycle]]s | ||
**14C30 Transcendental methods, [[Hodge theory]] [See also 14D07, 32G20, 32J25, 32S35], [[Hodge conjecture]] | **14C30 Transcendental methods, [[Hodge theory]] [See also 14D07, 32G20, 32J25, 32S35], [[Hodge conjecture]] | ||
**14C34 [[Torelli problem]] [See also 32G20] | **14C34 [[Torelli problem]] [See also 32G20] | ||
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*** [[Riemann-Roch theorem]] | *** [[Riemann-Roch theorem]] | ||
*** [[Clifford's theorem]] | *** [[Clifford's theorem]] | ||
*** [[Grothendieck | *** [[Grothendieck Riemann-Roch theorem]] | ||
*14Dxx Families, fibrations | *14Dxx Families, fibrations | ||
**14D05 Structure of families ([[Picard-Lefschetz]], monodromy, etc.) | **14D05 Structure of families ([[Picard-Lefschetz]], monodromy, etc.) | ||
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**14D20 Algebraic moduli problems, [[moduli of vector bundles]] {For analytic moduli problems, see 32G13} | **14D20 Algebraic moduli problems, [[moduli of vector bundles]] {For analytic moduli problems, see 32G13} | ||
**14D21 Applications of vector bundles and moduli spaces in mathematical physics (twistor theory, instantons, quantum field theory) | **14D21 Applications of vector bundles and moduli spaces in mathematical physics (twistor theory, instantons, quantum field theory) | ||
**14D22 [[Fine moduli | **14D22 [[Fine moduli space]]s and [[coarse moduli space]]s | ||
*14Exx [[Birational geometry]] | *14Exx [[Birational geometry]] | ||
**14E05 Rational and birational maps | **14E05 Rational and birational maps | ||
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**14E15 Global theory and [[resolution of singularities]] [See also 14B05, 32S20, 32S45] | **14E15 Global theory and [[resolution of singularities]] [See also 14B05, 32S20, 32S45] | ||
**14E20 Coverings [See also 14H30] | **14E20 Coverings [See also 14H30] | ||
**14E22 Ramification problems [See also 11S15] | **14E22 [[Ramification]] problems [See also 11S15] | ||
**14E25 Embeddings | **14E25 Embeddings | ||
**14E30 [[Minimal model program]] (Mori theory, [[extremal rays]]) | **14E30 [[Minimal model program]] (Mori theory, [[extremal rays]]) | ||
*14Fxx (Co)homology theory [See also 13Dxx] | *14Fxx (Co)homology theory [See also 13Dxx] | ||
**14F05 Vector | **14F05 [[Vector bundle]]s, sheaves, related constructions [See also 14H60, 14J60, 18F20, 32Lxx, 46M20] | ||
**14F10 [[sheaf of Differentials]] and other special sheaves [See also 13Nxx, 32C38] | **14F10 [[sheaf of Differentials]] and other special sheaves [See also 13Nxx, 32C38] | ||
**14F17 [[Vanishing theorems]] [See also 32L20] | **14F17 [[Vanishing theorems]] [See also 32L20] | ||
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**14H55 [[Riemann surfaces]]; [[Weierstrass points]]; [[gap sequences]] [See also 30Fxx] | **14H55 [[Riemann surfaces]]; [[Weierstrass points]]; [[gap sequences]] [See also 30Fxx] | ||
**14H60 Vector bundles on curves and their moduli [See also 14D20, 14F05] | **14H60 Vector bundles on curves and their moduli [See also 14D20, 14F05] | ||
*14Jxx Surfaces and higher-dimensional varieties {For analytic theory, see 32Jxx} | *14Jxx [[Algebraic surface|Surfaces]] and higher-dimensional varieties {For analytic theory, see 32Jxx} | ||
**14J10 Families, moduli, classification: algebraic theory | **14J10 Families, moduli, classification: algebraic theory | ||
**14J15 Moduli, classification: analytic theory; relations with modular forms [See also 32G13] | **14J15 Moduli, classification: analytic theory; relations with modular forms [See also 32G13] | ||
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**14J32 [[Calabi-Yau manifolds]], [[mirror symmetry]] | **14J32 [[Calabi-Yau manifolds]], [[mirror symmetry]] | ||
**14J35 [[4-folds]] | **14J35 [[4-folds]] | ||
**14J40 [[n-folds]] (n>4) | **14J40 [[n-folds]] (''n'' > 4) | ||
**14J45 [[Fano varieties]] | **14J45 [[Fano varieties]] | ||
**14J50 Automorphisms of surfaces and higher-dimensional varieties | **14J50 Automorphisms of surfaces and higher-dimensional varieties | ||
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*14Qxx Computational algebraic geometry [See also 12Y05, 13Pxx, 68W30] | *14Qxx Computational algebraic geometry [See also 12Y05, 13Pxx, 68W30] | ||
*14Rxx Affine geometry | *14Rxx Affine geometry | ||
====15-XX Linear and multilinear algebra; matrix theory ==== | ====15-XX Linear and multilinear algebra; matrix theory ==== | ||
* 15A03 [[Vector space]]s, [[linear dependence]], rank | |||
* 15A04 [[Linear transformation]]s, [[semilinear transformation]]s | |||
* 15A06 [[Linear equations]] | |||
* 15A09 [[Matrix inversion]], [[generalized inverse]]s | |||
* 15A12 Conditioning of matrices | |||
* 15A15 [[Determinant]]s, [[permanent]]s, other special matrix functions | |||
* 15A18 [[Eigenvalue]]s, [[singular value]]s, and [[eigenvector]]s | |||
* 15A21 [[Canonical form]]s, reductions, classification | |||
* 15A22 [[Matrix pencil]]s | |||
* 15A23 Factorization of matrices | |||
* 15A24 Matrix equations and identities | |||
* 15A27 [[Commutativity]] | |||
* 15A29 Inverse problems | |||
* 15A30 Algebraic systems of matrices | |||
* 15A33 Matrices over special rings (quaternions, finite fields, etc.) | |||
* 15A36 Matrices of integers | |||
* 15A39 Linear inequalities | |||
* 15A42 Inequalities involving eigenvalues and eigenvectors | |||
* 15A45 Miscellaneous inequalities involving matrices | |||
* 15A48 Positive matrices and their generalizations; cones of matrices | |||
* 15A51 [[Stochastic matrix|Stochastic matrices]] | |||
* 15A52 [[Random matrix|Random matrices]] | |||
* 15A54 Matrices over function rings in one or more variables | |||
* 15A57 Other types of matrices ([[Hermitian matrix|Hermitian]], [[skew-Hermitian matrix|skew-Hermitian]], etc.) | |||
* 15A60 Norms of matrices, numerical range, applications of functional analysis to matrix theory | |||
* 15A63 [[Quadratic form|Quadratic]] and [[bilinear form]]s, [[inner product]]s [See mainly 11Exx] | |||
* 15A66 [[Clifford algebra]]s, [[spinor]]s | |||
* 15A69 [[Multilinear algebra]], [[tensor product]]s | |||
* 15A72 Vector and tensor algebra, theory of invariants | |||
* 15A75 [[Exterior algebra]], [[Grassmann algebra]]s | |||
* 15A78 Other algebras built from modules | |||
* 15A90 Applications of matrix theory to physics | |||
====16-XX Associative rings and algebras ==== | ====16-XX Associative rings and algebras ==== | ||
====17-XX Nonassociative rings and algebras==== | ====17-XX Nonassociative rings and algebras==== | ||
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**18G60 Other (co)homology theories [See also 19D55, 46L80, 58J20, 58J22]*20-XX [[Group theory]] and generalizations | **18G60 Other (co)homology theories [See also 19D55, 46L80, 58J20, 58J22]*20-XX [[Group theory]] and generalizations | ||
====19-XX ''K''-theory==== | ====19-XX ''K''-theory==== | ||
==== 20-XX Group theory and generalizations ==== | ==== 20-XX [[Group theory]] and generalizations ==== | ||
*20Axx Foundations | *20Axx Foundations | ||
*20Bxx [[Permutation | *20Bxx [[Permutation group]]s | ||
*20Cxx Representation theory of groups [See also 19A22 (for representation rings and Burnside rings)] | *20Cxx Representation theory of groups [See also 19A22 (for representation rings and Burnside rings)] | ||
*20Dxx Abstract finite groups | *20Dxx Abstract finite groups | ||
*20Exx Structure and classification of infinite or finite groups | *20Exx Structure and classification of infinite or finite groups | ||
*20Fxx Special aspects of infinite or finite groups | *20Fxx Special aspects of infinite or finite groups | ||
*20Gxx [[Linear algebraic | *20Gxx [[Linear algebraic group]]s ([[classical group]]s) {For arithmetic theory, see 11E57, 11H56; for geometric theory, see 14Lxx, 22Exx; for other methods in representation theory, see 15A30, 22E45, 22E46, 22E47, 22E50, 22E55} | ||
**20Hxx Other groups of matrices [See also 15A30] | **20Hxx Other groups of matrices [See also 15A30] | ||
*20Jxx Connections with homological algebra and category theory | *20Jxx Connections with homological algebra and category theory | ||
*20Kxx [[Abelian | *20Kxx [[Abelian group]]s | ||
*20L05 [[ | *20L05 [[Groupoid]]s (i.e. small categories in which all morphisms are isomorphisms) {For sets with a single binary operation, see 20N02; for topological groupoids, see 22A22, 58H05} | ||
*20Mxx [[ | *20Mxx [[Semigroup]]s | ||
*20Nxx Other generalizations of groups | *20Nxx Other generalizations of groups | ||
*20P05 Probabilistic methods in group theory [See also 60Bxx]*22-XX [[Topological | *20P05 Probabilistic methods in group theory [See also 60Bxx]*22-XX [[Topological group]]s, [[Lie group]]s | ||
====22-XX [[Topological groups]], [[Lie groups]] ==== | ====22-XX [[Topological groups]], [[Lie groups]] ==== | ||
For useful suggestions see: [[List of Lie | For some useful suggestions see: [[/List of mathematical topics#Lie groups topics|Lie groups topics]] | ||
====26-XX Real functions ==== | ====26-XX Real functions ==== | ||
* [[Calculus]] | * [[Calculus]] | ||
:: [[Mean | :: [[Mean value theorem]] | ||
:: for some more suggestions of useful articles to write see also [[/List of mathematical topics|list of mathematical topics]] | |||
====28-XX Measure and integration ==== | ====28-XX Measure and integration ==== | ||
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====33-XX Special functions ==== | ====33-XX Special functions ==== | ||
''(33-XX deals with the properties of functions as functions) {For orthogonal functions, see 42Cxx; for aspects of combinatorics see 05Axx; for number-theoretic aspects see 11-XX; for representation theory see 22Exx}'' | ''(33-XX deals with the properties of functions as functions) {For orthogonal functions, see 42Cxx; for aspects of combinatorics see 05Axx; for number-theoretic aspects see 11-XX; for representation theory see 22Exx}'' | ||
====34-XX [[Ordinary differential | ====34-XX [[Ordinary differential equation]]s ==== | ||
==== 35-XX [[Partial differential | ::see the current article on [[differential equation]]s | ||
::[[ | ==== 35-XX [[Partial differential equation]]s ==== | ||
==== 37-XX [[Dynamical | ::[[Schrödinger equation]] | ||
==== 37-XX [[Dynamical system]]s and [[ergodic theory]] ==== | |||
====39-XX Difference and functional equations ==== | ====39-XX Difference and functional equations ==== | ||
====40-XX [[sequence|Sequences]], [[series (mathematics)|series]], [[summability]]==== | ====40-XX [[sequence|Sequences]], [[series (mathematics)|series]], [[summability]]==== | ||
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*40Gxx Special methods of summability | *40Gxx Special methods of summability | ||
*40H05 Functional analytic methods in summability | *40H05 Functional analytic methods in summability | ||
*40J05 Summability in abstract structures [See also 43A55, 46A35, 46B15] | *40J05 Summability in abstract structures [See also 43A55, 46A35, 46B15] | ||
====41-XX Approximations and expansions ==== | ====41-XX Approximations and expansions ==== | ||
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**60D05 Geometric probability, stochastic geometry, random sets [See also 52A22, 53C65] | **60D05 Geometric probability, stochastic geometry, random sets [See also 52A22, 53C65] | ||
*60Exx Distribution theory [See also 62Exx, 62Hxx] | *60Exx Distribution theory [See also 62Exx, 62Hxx] | ||
*60Fxx Limit theorems [See also 28Dxx, 60B12] | *60Fxx [[Stochastic convergence|Limit theorems]] [See also 28Dxx, 60B12] | ||
*60Gxx Stochastic | *60Gxx [[Stochastic process]]es | ||
*60Hxx Stochastic analysis [See also 58J65] | *60Hxx Stochastic analysis [See also 58J65] | ||
*60Jxx [[Markov | *60Jxx [[Markov process]]es | ||
*60Kxx Special processes | *60Kxx Special processes | ||
====62-XX [[Statistics]] ==== | ====62-XX [[Statistics]] ==== | ||
====65-XX [[Numerical analysis]]==== | ====65-XX [[Numerical analysis]]==== | ||
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====82-XX Statistical mechanics, structure of matter ==== | ====82-XX Statistical mechanics, structure of matter ==== | ||
''<small>(do we leave it for physics Workgroup??)</small>'' | ''<small>(do we leave it for physics Workgroup??)</small>'' | ||
====83-XX Relativity and gravitational theory ==== | ====83-XX Relativity and gravitational theory ==== | ||
====85-XX Astronomy and astrophysics ==== | ====85-XX Astronomy and astrophysics ==== | ||
''<small>(do we leave it for physics Workgroup??)</small>'' | ''<small>(do we leave it for physics Workgroup??)</small>'' | ||
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''<small>(do we leave it for biology Workgroup??)</small>'' | ''<small>(do we leave it for biology Workgroup??)</small>'' | ||
====93-XX Systems theory; control==== | ====93-XX Systems theory; control==== | ||
==References== | |||
{{reflist}} |
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The Mathematics Workgroup will organize and coordinate efforts to create and improve articles relating to Mathematics. If you are interested in participating, you may add yourself to Category:Mathematics Authors, then simply dive in and begin contributing!
Please note that information below may be out-of-date.
- Useful page for mathematics authors: CZ:Formatting mathematics.
- Is there any new hot math-related stuff? If so, let's mark it by inserting [[Category:Mathematics Workgroup]].
Core articles
Core articles are those that are as-yet unwritten and so should be prioritised. Please start articles on the topics below. Click here to edit this transcluded list.
Articles
Click on the [r] after the first definition below to edit this list of transcluded subtopics.
- Theory (mathematics) [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Language of mathematics [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Mathematical notation [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Algorithm [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Proof (mathematics) [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Philosophy of mathematics [r]: Add brief definition or description
- History of mathematics [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Number [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Algebra [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Geometry [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Analysis [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Probability [r]: Add brief definition or description
Help plan Mathematics Week!
Work plan white paper
The topics below are part of the division of mathematical knowledge to subdisciplines; they come from the 2000 Math. subject classification of the AMS [1] and ZMATH [2], with some minor edits. Each of these top level topics is a big subject, and it is not necessarily our first priority to write a long article on these entries. Our object with outlining this list is to establish a framework. We recommend that when you write a new article, you should try to find a proper node for it. Do not hesitate to put a link for an article you want to work on soon. Feel free to do the same to request a particular important topic to be covered.
Remarks:
- We kept the original MSC numbering in places.
- No, of course its not the whole MSC tree - not even close to it. We should eventually put as much of it as appropriate.
- In some places we really expect some other workgroups (usually the physicists) to do the work alongside - we state where.
Caveats:
- Do not copy articles from Wikipedia without carefully reading them, verifying both scope and focus. Besides, why not consider writing your article from scratch? Often this permits a better logical structure and more coherence. See CZ:How to convert Wikipedia articles to Citizendium articles
- Keep in mind three audiences when writing an article: general readers, math students and professionals.
Most wanted math entries
From the encyclopedic point of view, the "high priority" articles are probably listed below at the top level of the tree (or in the table of contents). These are, however, relatively wide syntheses. You may want to start with a bit smaller tasks. A collection of important entries to write (of both types) can be found on the Core Articles page (still to be reviewed and reorganized).
Most popular Wikipedia math entries are: Pi, Mathematics , prime number, computer, trapezoid. These come from the list of 1000 most viewed pages in March 2007.[3] This varies heavily over the time.
On Planet Math, the most popular (as of March 2007) were:[4] circle, proof of Markov's inequality, Cauchy-Schwarz inequality, matrix inverse, Banach fixed point theorem, metric space, invariant subspace, function, manifold, eigenvalue, quartic formula, Jensen's inequality, cross product, real number, differential equation, gradient, natural number, Jacobian matrix, Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization, rational number.
The classification
00-XX General
(for calculus see 26-XX Real functions below)
- elementary mathematics (pre-university level)
- Elementary functions
- trigonometric function
- point line plane solid stubs
- elementary algebra
- for suggestions of useful articles to write see also here (pre-calculus or geometry sections)
01-XX History and biography
03-XX Mathematical logic and foundations
05-XX Combinatorics
06-XX Order, lattices, ordered algebraic structures
- 06Axx Ordered sets
- 06Bxx Lattices
- 06Cxx Modular lattices, complemented lattices
- 06Dxx Distributive lattices
- 06Exx Boolean algebras (Boolean rings)
- 06Fxx Ordered structures
08-XX General algebraic systems
11-XX Number theory
- 11Axx Elementary number theory {For analogues in number fields, see 11R04}
- 11Bxx Sequences and sets
- 11Cxx Polynomials and matrices
- 11Dxx Diophantine equations [See also 11Gxx, 14Gxx]
- 11Exx Forms and linear algebraic groups [See also 19Gxx] {For quadratic forms in linear algebra, see 15A63}
- 11Fxx Discontinuous groups and automorphic forms [See also 11R39, 11S37, 14Gxx, 14Kxx, 22E50, 22E55, 30F35, 32Nxx] {For relations with quadratic forms, see 11E45}
- 11Gxx Arithmetic algebraic geometry (Diophantine geometry) [See also 11Dxx, 14-xx, 14Gxx, 14Kxx]
- 11Hxx Geometry of numbers {For applications in coding theory, see 94B75}
- 11Jxx Diophantine approximation, transcendental number theory [See also 11K60]
- 11Kxx Probabilistic theory: distribution modulo 1; metric theory of algorithms
- 11Lxx Exponential sums and character sums {For finite fields, see 11Txx}
- 11Mxx Zeta and -functions: analytic theory
- 11Nxx Multiplicative number theory
- 11Pxx Additive number theory; partitions
- 11Rxx Algebraic number theory: global fields {For complex multiplication, see 11G15}
- 11Sxx Algebraic number theory: local and -adic fields
- 11Txx Finite fields and commutative rings (number-theoretic aspects)
- 11Uxx Connections with logic
- 11Yxx Computational number theory [See also 11-04]
12-XX Field theory and polynomials
- 12Dxx Real and complex fields
- 12Exx General field theory
- 12E05 Polynomials (irreducibility, etc.)
- 12E10 Special polynomials
- 12E12 Equations
- 12E15 Skew fields, division rings
- 12E20 Finite fields (field-theoretic aspects)
- 12E25 Hilbertian fields; Hilbert's irreducibility theorem
- 12E30 Field arithmetic
- 12Fxx Field extensions
- 12Gxx Homological methods (field theory)
- 12Hxx Differential and difference algebra
- 12Jxx Topological fields
- 12Kxx Generalizations of fields
- 12Lxx Connections with logic
- 12Yxx
- 12Y05 Computational aspects of field theory and polynomials
13-XX Commutative rings and algebras
14-XX Algebraic geometry
- 14Axx Foundations
- 14A10 Varieties and morphisms
- 14A15 Schemes and morphisms
- 14A20 Generalizations (algebraic spaces, stacks)
- 14A22 Noncommutative algebraic geometry
- 14Bxx Local theory
- 14B05 Singularities [See also 14E15, 14H20, 14J17, 32Sxx, 58Kxx]
- 14B07 Deformation of singularities [See also 14D15, 32S30]
- 14B10 Infinitesimal methods [See also 13D10]
- 14B12 Local deformation theory, Artin approximation, etc. [See also 13B40, 13D10]
- 14B15 Local cohomology [See also 13D45, 32C36]
- 14B20 Formal neighborhoods
- 14B25 Local structure of morphisms: étale morphism, flat morphism, etc. [See also 13B40]
- 14Cxx Cycles and subschemes
- 14C05 Parametrization (Chow schemes and Hilbert schemes)
- 14C15 Chow groups and rings
- 14C17 Intersection theory, characteristic classes, intersection multiplicities [See also 13H15]
- 14C20 Divisors, linear systems, invertible sheaves
- 14C21 Pencils, nets, webs [See also 53A60]
- 14C22 Picard groups
- 14C25 Algebraic cycles
- 14C30 Transcendental methods, Hodge theory [See also 14D07, 32G20, 32J25, 32S35], Hodge conjecture
- 14C34 Torelli problem [See also 32G20]
- 14C35 Applications of methods of algebraic K-theory [See also 19Exx]
- 14C40 Riemann-Roch theorems [See also 19E20, 19L10]
- 14Dxx Families, fibrations
- 14D05 Structure of families (Picard-Lefschetz, monodromy, etc.)
- 14D06 Fibrations, degenerations
- 14D07 Variation of Hodge structures [See also 32G20]
- 14D10 Arithmetic ground fields (finite, local, global)
- 14D15 Formal methods; deformations [See also 13D10, 14B07, 32Gxx]
- 14D20 Algebraic moduli problems, moduli of vector bundles {For analytic moduli problems, see 32G13}
- 14D21 Applications of vector bundles and moduli spaces in mathematical physics (twistor theory, instantons, quantum field theory)
- 14D22 Fine moduli spaces and coarse moduli spaces
- 14Exx Birational geometry
- 14E05 Rational and birational maps
- 14E07 Birational automorphisms, Cremona group and generalizations
- 14E08 Rationality questions
- 14E15 Global theory and resolution of singularities [See also 14B05, 32S20, 32S45]
- 14E20 Coverings [See also 14H30]
- 14E22 Ramification problems [See also 11S15]
- 14E25 Embeddings
- 14E30 Minimal model program (Mori theory, extremal rays)
- 14Fxx (Co)homology theory [See also 13Dxx]
- 14F05 Vector bundles, sheaves, related constructions [See also 14H60, 14J60, 18F20, 32Lxx, 46M20]
- 14F10 sheaf of Differentials and other special sheaves [See also 13Nxx, 32C38]
- 14F17 Vanishing theorems [See also 32L20]
- 14F20 Étale topology Etale cohomology and other Grothendieck topologies and Grothendieck cohomologies
- 14F22 Brauer groups of schemes [See also 12G05, 16K50]
- 14F25 Classical real and complex cohomology
- 14F30 p-adic cohomology, crystalline cohomology
- 14F35 Homotopy theory; fundamental groups [See also 14H30]
- 14F40 de Rham cohomology [See also 14C30, 32C35, 32L10]
- 14F42 Motivic cohomology
- 14F43 Other algebro-geometric (co)homologies (e.g., intersection cohomology, equivariant cohomology, Lawson, Deligne (co)homologies)
- 14F45 Topological properties
- 14Gxx Arithmetic problems. Diophantine geometry [See also 11Dxx, 11Gxx]
- 14Hxx Curves
- 14H05 Algebraic functions; function fields [See also 11R58]
- 14H10,14H15 moduli [See also 30F10, 32Gxx]
- 14H20 Singularities, local rings [See also 13Hxx, 14B05]
- 14H25 Arithmetic ground fields [See also 11Dxx, 11G05, 14Gxx]
- 14H30 Coverings, fundamental group [See also 14E20, 14F35]
- 14H37 Automorphisms
- 14H40 Jacobians, Prym varieties [See also 32G20]
- 14H42 Theta functions; Schottky problem [See also 14K25, 32G20]
- 14H45 Special curves and curves of low genus
- 14H50 Plane and space curves
- 14H51 Special divisors (gonality, Brill-Noether theory)
- 14H52 Elliptic curves [See also 11G05, 11G07, 14Kxx]
- 14H55 Riemann surfaces; Weierstrass points; gap sequences [See also 30Fxx]
- 14H60 Vector bundles on curves and their moduli [See also 14D20, 14F05]
- 14Jxx Surfaces and higher-dimensional varieties {For analytic theory, see 32Jxx}
- 14J10 Families, moduli, classification: algebraic theory
- 14J15 Moduli, classification: analytic theory; relations with modular forms [See also 32G13]
- 14J17 Singularities of surfaces [See also 14B05, 14E15]
- 14J20 Arithmetic ground fields [See also 11Dxx, 11G25, 11G35, 14Gxx]
- 14J25 Special surfaces {For Hilbert modular surfaces, see 14G35}
- 14J26 Rational surfaces and ruled surfaces
- 14J27 Elliptic surfaces
- 14J28 K3 surfaces and Enriques surfaces
- 14J29 Surfaces of general type
- 14J30 3-folds
- 14J32 Calabi-Yau manifolds, mirror symmetry
- 14J35 4-folds
- 14J40 n-folds (n > 4)
- 14J45 Fano varieties
- 14J50 Automorphisms of surfaces and higher-dimensional varieties
- 14J60 Vector bundles on surfaces and higher-dimensional varieties, and their moduli [See also 14D20, 14F05, 32Lxx]
- 14J70 Hypersurfaces
- 14J80 Topology of surfaces (Donaldson polynomials, Seiberg-Witten invariants)
- 14Kxx Abelian varieties and schemes
- 14Lxx Algebraic groups {For linear algebraic groups, see 20Gxx; for Lie algebras, see 17B45}
- 14Mxx Special varieties
- 14Nxx Projective and enumerative geometry [See also 51-xx]
- 14Pxx Real algebraic and real analytic geometry
- 14Qxx Computational algebraic geometry [See also 12Y05, 13Pxx, 68W30]
- 14Rxx Affine geometry
15-XX Linear and multilinear algebra; matrix theory
- 15A03 Vector spaces, linear dependence, rank
- 15A04 Linear transformations, semilinear transformations
- 15A06 Linear equations
- 15A09 Matrix inversion, generalized inverses
- 15A12 Conditioning of matrices
- 15A15 Determinants, permanents, other special matrix functions
- 15A18 Eigenvalues, singular values, and eigenvectors
- 15A21 Canonical forms, reductions, classification
- 15A22 Matrix pencils
- 15A23 Factorization of matrices
- 15A24 Matrix equations and identities
- 15A27 Commutativity
- 15A29 Inverse problems
- 15A30 Algebraic systems of matrices
- 15A33 Matrices over special rings (quaternions, finite fields, etc.)
- 15A36 Matrices of integers
- 15A39 Linear inequalities
- 15A42 Inequalities involving eigenvalues and eigenvectors
- 15A45 Miscellaneous inequalities involving matrices
- 15A48 Positive matrices and their generalizations; cones of matrices
- 15A51 Stochastic matrices
- 15A52 Random matrices
- 15A54 Matrices over function rings in one or more variables
- 15A57 Other types of matrices (Hermitian, skew-Hermitian, etc.)
- 15A60 Norms of matrices, numerical range, applications of functional analysis to matrix theory
- 15A63 Quadratic and bilinear forms, inner products [See mainly 11Exx]
- 15A66 Clifford algebras, spinors
- 15A69 Multilinear algebra, tensor products
- 15A72 Vector and tensor algebra, theory of invariants
- 15A75 Exterior algebra, Grassmann algebras
- 15A78 Other algebras built from modules
- 15A90 Applications of matrix theory to physics
16-XX Associative rings and algebras
17-XX Nonassociative rings and algebras
18-XX Category theory; homological algebra
- 18Axx General theory of categories and functors
- 18Bxx Special categories
- 18Cxx Categories and theories
- 18Dxx Categories with structure
- 18Exx Abelian categories
- 18Fxx Categories and geometry
- 18Gxx Homological algebra [See also 13Dxx, 16Exx, 20Jxx, 55Nxx, 55Uxx, 57Txx]
- 18G05 Projective objects and injective objects [See also 13C10, 13C11, 16D40, 16D50]
- 18G10 Resolutions; derived functors [See also 13D02, 16E05, 18E25]
- 18G15 Ext and Tor, generalizations, Künneth formula [See also 55U25]
- 18G20 Homological dimension [See also 13D05, 16E10]
- 18G25 Relative homological algebra, projective classes
- 18G30 Simplicial sets, simplicial objects (in a category) [See also 55U10]
- 18G35 Chain complexes [See also 18E30, 55U15]
- 18G40 Spectral sequences, hypercohomology [See also 55Txx]
- 18G50 Nonabelian homological algebra
- 18G55 Homotopical algebra
- 18G60 Other (co)homology theories [See also 19D55, 46L80, 58J20, 58J22]*20-XX Group theory and generalizations
19-XX K-theory
20-XX Group theory and generalizations
- 20Axx Foundations
- 20Bxx Permutation groups
- 20Cxx Representation theory of groups [See also 19A22 (for representation rings and Burnside rings)]
- 20Dxx Abstract finite groups
- 20Exx Structure and classification of infinite or finite groups
- 20Fxx Special aspects of infinite or finite groups
- 20Gxx Linear algebraic groups (classical groups) {For arithmetic theory, see 11E57, 11H56; for geometric theory, see 14Lxx, 22Exx; for other methods in representation theory, see 15A30, 22E45, 22E46, 22E47, 22E50, 22E55}
- 20Hxx Other groups of matrices [See also 15A30]
- 20Jxx Connections with homological algebra and category theory
- 20Kxx Abelian groups
- 20L05 Groupoids (i.e. small categories in which all morphisms are isomorphisms) {For sets with a single binary operation, see 20N02; for topological groupoids, see 22A22, 58H05}
- 20Mxx Semigroups
- 20Nxx Other generalizations of groups
- 20P05 Probabilistic methods in group theory [See also 60Bxx]*22-XX Topological groups, Lie groups
22-XX Topological groups, Lie groups
For some useful suggestions see: Lie groups topics
26-XX Real functions
- Mean value theorem
- for some more suggestions of useful articles to write see also list of mathematical topics
28-XX Measure and integration
- 28Axx Classical measure theory
- 28A05 Classes of sets (Borel fields, $\sigma$-rings, etc.), measurable sets, Suslin sets, analytic sets [See also 03E15, 26A21, 54H05]
- 28A10 Real- or complex-valued set functions
- 28A12 Contents, measures, outer measures, capacities
- 28A15 Abstract differentiation theory, differentiation of set functions [See also 26A24]
- 28A20 Measurable and nonmeasurable functions, sequences of measurable functions, modes of convergence
- 28A25 Integration with respect to measures and other set functions
- 28A33 Spaces of measures, convergence of measures [See also 46E27, 60Bxx]
- 28A35 Measures and integrals in product spaces
- 28A50 Integration and disintegration of measures
- 28A51 Lifting theory [See also 46G15]
- 28A60 Measures on Boolean rings, measure algebras [See also 54H10]
- 28A75 Length, area, volume, other geometric measure theory [See also 26B15, 49Q15]
- 28A78 Hausdorff and packing measures
- 28A80 Fractals [See also 37Fxx]
- 28A99 None of the above, but in this section
- 28Bxx Set functions, measures and integrals with values in abstract spaces
- 28Exx Miscellaneous topics in measure theory
30-XX Functions of a complex variable
31-XX Potential theory
- 31Axx Two-dimensional theory
- 31A05 Harmonic, subharmonic, superharmonic functions
- 31A10 Integral representations, integral operators, integral equations methods
- 31A15 Potentials and capacity, harmonic measure, extremal length [See also 30C85]
- 31A20 Boundary behavior (theorems of Fatou type, etc.)
- 31A25 Boundary value and inverse problems
- 31A30 Biharmonic, polyharmonic functions and equations, Poisson's equation
- 31A35 Connections with differential equations
- 31A99 None of the above, but in this section
- 31Bxx Higher-dimensional theory
- 31B05 Harmonic, subharmonic, superharmonic functions
- 31B10 Integral representations, integral operators, integral equations methods
- 31B15 Potentials and capacities, extremal length
- 31B20 Boundary value and inverse problems
- 31B25 Boundary behavior
- 31B30 Biharmonic and polyharmonic equations and functions
- 31B35 Connections with differential equations
- 31B99 None of the above, but in this section
- 31Cxx Other generalizations
- 31D05 Axiomatic potential theory
32-XX Several complex variables and analytic spaces
33-XX Special functions
(33-XX deals with the properties of functions as functions) {For orthogonal functions, see 42Cxx; for aspects of combinatorics see 05Axx; for number-theoretic aspects see 11-XX; for representation theory see 22Exx}
34-XX Ordinary differential equations
- see the current article on differential equations
35-XX Partial differential equations
37-XX Dynamical systems and ergodic theory
39-XX Difference and functional equations
40-XX Sequences, series, summability
- 40Axx Convergence and divergence of infinite limiting processes
- 40B05 Multiple sequences and series {(should also be assigned at least one other classification number in this section)}
- 40Cxx General summability methods
- 40Dxx Direct theorems on summability
- 40Exx Inversion theorems
- 40F05 Absolute and strong summability
- 40Gxx Special methods of summability
- 40H05 Functional analytic methods in summability
- 40J05 Summability in abstract structures [See also 43A55, 46A35, 46B15]
41-XX Approximations and expansions
42-XX Fourier analysis
- 42-04 Explicit machine computation and programs (not the theory of computation or programming)
- 42Axx Fourier analysis in one variable
- 42Bxx Fourier analysis in several variables {For automorphic theory, see mainly 11F30}
- 42Cxx Nontrigonometric Fourier analysis
43-XX Abstract harmonic analysis
44-XX Integral transforms, operational calculus
45-XX Integral equations
46-XX Functional analysis
47-XX Operator theory
49-XX Calculus of variations and optimal control; optimization
51-XX Geometry
- for a list of possible suggestions see list of geometry topics
52-XX Convex and discrete geometry
53-XX Differential geometry
54-XX General topology
55-XX Algebraic topology
57-XX Manifolds and cell complexes
58-XX Global analysis, analysis on manifolds
60-XX Probability theory and stochastic processes
- 60Axx Foundations of probability theory
- 60Bxx Probability theory on algebraic and topological structures
- 60C05 Combinatorial probability
- 60D05 Geometric probability, stochastic geometry, random sets [See also 52A22, 53C65]
- 60Exx Distribution theory [See also 62Exx, 62Hxx]
- 60Fxx Limit theorems [See also 28Dxx, 60B12]
- 60Gxx Stochastic processes
- 60Hxx Stochastic analysis [See also 58J65]
- 60Jxx Markov processes
- 60Kxx Special processes
62-XX Statistics
65-XX Numerical analysis
68-XX Computer science
(do we leave it for the computers Workgorup ?)
70-XX Mechanics of particles and systems
(do we leave it for physics Workgroup??)
74-XX Mechanics of deformable solids
(do we leave it for physics Workgroup??)
76-XX Fluid mechanics
(do we leave it for physics Workgroup??)
78-XX Optics, electromagnetic theory
{For quantum optics, see 81V80} (do we leave it for physics Workgroup??)
80-XX Classical thermodynamics, heat transfer
(do we leave it for physics Workgroup??)
81-XX Quantum theory
82-XX Statistical mechanics, structure of matter
(do we leave it for physics Workgroup??)
83-XX Relativity and gravitational theory
85-XX Astronomy and astrophysics
(do we leave it for physics Workgroup??)
86-XX Geophysics
(do we leave it for physics Workgroup??)
90-XX Operations research, mathematical programming
91-XX Game theory, economics, social and behavioral sciences
(do we leave it for economy Workgroup??)
92-XX Biology and other natural sciences
(do we leave it for biology Workgroup??)