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A block cipher developed by the U.S. National Security Agency (NSA); initially classified,

'''Serpent''' is a [[block cipher]] designed by an international team of well-known researchers — [[Ros Serpent is an [[Block cipher#SP network | SP network]] with 32 rounds. It uses eight 4 by 4 S-boxes, but

A block cipher derived from the Data Encryption Standard (DES), from a design proposed in

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The '''GOST cipher''' was a standard [[block cipher]] in the [[Soviet Union]]. GOST was a Soviet national standards body. There resembles [[Data Encryption Standard| DES]] in some ways; it is an iterated [[block cipher]] with a [[Feistel cipher|Feistel structure]] using eight S-boxes in the F

A block cipher which was created in 1998 by a group of researchers from École Normale Sup

[[Cryptographer]] and main designer of SAFER [[block cipher]]s, and, with student [[Xuejia Lai]], co-designer of the [[International Da

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...on run by the US National Institute of Standards and Technology to chose a block cipher to become the Advanced Encryption Standard.

...st-known work was as co-designer with [[Vincent Rijmen]] of the Rijndael [[block cipher]] which won the [[AES competition]] to become the [[Advanced Encryption Sta

A block cipher notable for its simplicity of description and implementation (typically a f

A [[block cipher]] invented by Joan Daemen and Vincent Rijmen, and a forerunner to the [[Rij

'''SEED''' is a [[block cipher]] developed by the [[Korean Information Security Agency]] (KISA) and widely

...apher]] who teaches at [[Queens University]] in Canada. His specialty is [[block cipher]] design and analysis; he has published extensively in that area. ...e = 1985 }} </ref>. This is a strong version of the requirement for good [[Block cipher#Avalanche|avalanche properties]] in block ciphers; complementing any single

There are other RFCs covering [[block cipher modes of operation]] and how these ciphers should be used in protocols such ...Gutmann]], 973 slides in twelve sections, PDF format. Section two has the block cipher overview.

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'''RC2''' was a [[block cipher]] designed in 1987 for [[Lotus Corporation]] for use in their [[Lotus Notes '''RC5''' is a [[block cipher]] with 64-bit blocks, one of the [[Block_cipher#DES_and_alternatives|DES ge

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A block cipher specification issued by the U.S. government in 1976, intended for sensitive

...In C, the encryption and decryption routines are under 10 lines each. No [[Block cipher#S-boxes|S-boxes]] are used, so the data space required is also tiny. ...have been designed. '''Block TEA''' or '''XTEA''' extends TEA to build a [[Block cipher#Large-block_ciphers|variable block size]] cipher. '''XXTEA''' is a later re

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The '''Blowfish''' [[block cipher]] | title=Description of a New Variable-Length Key, 64-Bit Block Cipher (Blowfish)

...al-purpose Encryption and Network Telecommunication Applications''' is a [[block cipher]]; it was [[Deutsche Telekom]]'s entry in the [[AES competition]]. Like all | title = The MAGENTA Block Cipher Algorithm

...e</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>candidate</td><td></td><td>[[Block cipher#Whitening and tweaking|tweakable]]</td> ...d></td><td></td><td></td><td>[[Hash_(cryptography)#Skein|Skein]]</td><td>[[Block cipher#Whitening and tweaking|tweakable]]</td>

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...best-known work was as co-designer with [[Joan Daemen]] of the Rijndael [[block cipher]] which won the [[AES competition]] to become the [[Advanced Encryption Sta

...or '''Secure and Fast Encryption Routine''', is the name for a series of [[block cipher]]s designed by [[James Massey]] and co-workers for [[Cylink]] Corporation. ...K really stands for 'Stop Knudsen', a wise precaution in the design of any block cipher".

* When two output blocks from a [[block cipher]] are identical, the enemy gains some information. Assuming the key has not ...2⁶⁴ hash operations, to find a repeated ciphertext for a 64-bit block cipher or a repetition of a 64-bit challenge, he needs to collect and store about

...[[cipher]] except a [[one-time pad]]; variants of these work for either [[block cipher]]s or [[stream cipher]]s: ...attack]] &mdash; collect all possible plaintext/ciphertext pairs for a [[block cipher]], or the entire pseudorandom stream until it starts repeating for a [[stre

'''LOKI''' is the name of a series of [[block cipher]]s from an Australian group led by [[Jennifer Seberry]].

...a technique for [[cryptanalysis]]. The name comes from the attack on a [[block cipher]]; the attacker tries to build up a "code book", a table saying which ciphe For example, consider a block cipher with only an 8 bit block size. Assume the enemy is able to get or guess som

...ty expert, best known for designing the [[CAST (cipher)|CAST]] family of [[block cipher]]s.

ARIA is a [[block cipher]] developed in [[South Korea]], and an official standard (KS X 1213) there.

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...yption Standard''', or '''AES''', is a US government specification for a [[block cipher]] to replace the earlier and weaker [[Data Encryption Standard]] (DES). AES ...Institute of Standards and Technology]] (NIST) ran a competition to find a block cipher to replace DES. Fifteen candidates were submitted; for descriptions of the

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is a [[block cipher]] developed by a French team as a candidate for the [[AES competition]]; it

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...ciphertext. A block cipher '''mode of operation''' specifies how multiple block cipher operations are to be combined to accomplish some larger task such as encryp ...Cipher Modes of Operation" <ref>{{cite paper | title = Recommendation for Block Cipher Modes of Operation | publisher = National Institute for Standards & Technol

...[[Symmetric key cryptography|secret key]] (symmetric) techniques such as [[block cipher]]s, [[stream cipher]]s and [[cryptographic hash]]es. Because asymmetric tec ...provide authentication and to securely transport the symmetric keys for a block cipher.

'''Skipjack''' was a [[block cipher]] devised by the [[NSA]], originally intended for use in the controversial

...ar data. See the [[Block_cipher#Nonlinearity|nonlinearity]] section of the block cipher article for discussion. == Attacking a linear block cipher ==

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There are several theses that contributed important ideas to block cipher design:

...standard [[block cipher]]. Block size is 64 bits, key size 128 bits. No [[Block cipher#S-boxes|S-boxes]] are used. The design was the PhD thesis of [[Xuejia Lai]] IDEA introduced a new class of block cipher design, the [[Block cipher#Lai-Massey scheme|Lai-Massey construction]].

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...rnment for [[escrowed encryption]] of telephone conversations. It used a [[block cipher]] called [[Skipjack (cipher)|skipjack]], developed by the [[NSA]].

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...et-in-the middle attack''' is a technique of [[cryptanalysis]] against a [[block cipher]]. It is a [[passive attack]]; it may allow the attacker to read messages w ...dependent. In most ciphers, they are not; the first and second halves of a block cipher use closely related keys, two groups of round keys derived from the same ba