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{{r|Hypothalamus}}

{{r|Hypothalamus}}

{{r|Hypothalamus}}

{{r|Hypothalamus}}

...s <ref>King BM (2006) The rise, fall, and resurrection of the ventromedial hypothalamus in the regulation of feeding behavior and body weight ''Physiol Behav'' 87: ...8-86</ref> In the mouse, the VMN is the only site of SF1 expression in the hypothalamus, and the knock out of SF1 in mice results in abnormal VMN development, and

{{r|Hypothalamus}}

{{r|hypothalamus}}

{{r|Hypothalamus}}

{{r|Hypothalamus}}

{{r|Hypothalamus}}

{{r|Hypothalamus}}

{{r|Hypothalamus}}

{{r|Hypothalamus}}

{{r|hypothalamus}}

...ne |noradrenergic]] neurons, and projects densely to many regions of the [[hypothalamus]] and elsewhere. The nucleus has reciprocal connections with the [[area pos ...of the brain, but especially to the limbic system, and in particular the [[hypothalamus]].

Under the influence of the hypothalamus, the anterior pituitary produces and secretes several peptide hormones that ...s mainly regulated by factors secreted from neuroendocrine neurons of the hypothalamus into the hypothalamo-hypophysial portal vessels from the nerve endings of n

{{r|Hypothalamus}}

...whose cell bodies are located in the [[paraventricular nucleus]] of the [[hypothalamus]]. In some species, including the horse, vasopressin secreted into the syst

...postatic hyothesis'''. Specifically, he postulated the existence, in the [[hypothalamus]], of a centre that was sensitive to the concentration of metabolites in th ...the [[ventromedial nucleus]] (VMN) and [[arcuate nucleus]] (ARC) of the [[hypothalamus]]. The leptin signal transmits information about the size of body fat depot

{{r|Hypothalamus}}

{{r|hypothalamus}}

...x| Schematic view of the ventral surface of the brain, at the level of the hypothalamus. The median eminence is at the bottom, and receives projections from the ne The '''arcuate nucleus''' is a small part of the hypothalamus that plays an extremely important role in the regulation of hormone secreti

...the pituitary gland and others by the part of the [[brain]] known as the [[hypothalamus]]. These hormones are described in the table below. ...ropin-releasing hormone]] (GnRH) &mdash; a peptide hormone produced in the hypothalamus

...s is controlled by [[Melanocortins and appetite|neural circuits]] in the [[hypothalamus]] which are influenced by hormonal and neural signals from the digestive tr

Name = Hypothalamus | Latin = hypothalamus |

{{r|hypothalamus}}

{{r|hypothalamus}}

...o known as gonadotrophin-releasing hormone, GnRH). LHRH is produced in the hypothalamus by neuroendocrine neurones that are mainly located in the [[preoptic area]] ...cles produce estrogen in increasing quantities, and this feeds back on the hypothalamus to progressively suppress the secretion of FSH and LH (negative feedback).

{{r|Hypothalamus}}

...ent cues. In [[vertebrate]]s, the motivation to eat is controlled by the [[hypothalamus]], and is generally strong when the energy expended by the animal exceeds t ...of specific regions of the [[hypothalamus]]. In particular, the [[lateral hypothalamus]] was identified as a "hunger center" and the [[ventromedial nucleus]] as a

...n vertebrates, residing mostly in the [[suprachiasmatic nucleus]] of the [[hypothalamus]] (in mammals), controlling the diurnal (or day-night) cycle of animal acti ...tic nucleus, which lies directly above the optic chiasm at the base of the hypothalamus receives a strong direct neural input from the [[retina]], and is the key s

...tuitary gland was closely controlled by the brain, and especially by the [[hypothalamus]].<ref>Guillemin R (2011)Neuroendocrinology: a short historical review ''An ...cept of neurosecretion by presenting histological images of neurons of the hypothalamus of that appeared to secrete substances, probably of proteinic–peptidic na

{{r|Hypothalamus}}

...ons in the [[supraoptic nucleus]] and [[paraventricular nucleus]] of the [[hypothalamus]]; it is a nine-amino acid fragment of a large (~30kD) precursor molecule w ...population of apetite-regulating neurons in the [[arcuate nucleus]] of the hypothalamus makes at least two peptides - [[neuropeptide Y]] and [[agouti-related pepti

...araventricular nucleus''' (PVN, PVH) is an aggregation of neurons in the [[hypothalamus]], adjacent to the third ventricle. Although it is in the periventricular z *parvocellular vasopressin cells that project to many areas of the hypothalamus and [[limbic system]], as well as to the brainstem and spinal cord. These n

...on is regulated by [[Neuroendocrine cell|neuroendocrine]] neurons in the [[hypothalamus]], the most important ones being the neurosecretory tuberoinfundibulum neur

...ibiting factors''; these are blood-borne substances that are released by [[hypothalamus|hypothalamic]] neurones into a system of blood vessels at the base of the b Early studies showed that when the pituitary is disconnected from the hypothalamus, ACTH output falls. Attempts to localise the hypothalamic source of a relea

...nt exocytosis. Somatostatin is secreted by neurosecretory neurons of the [[hypothalamus]], and also by [[delta cell]]s of [[stomach]], [[intestine]], and [[pancrea ...tion of many other hormones; in particular, somatostatin released from the hypothalamus inhibits the release of [[growth hormone]] (GH) and [[thyroid-stimulating h

...96) [http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng0996-95 Leptin activation of Stat3 in the hypothalamus of wild-type and ob/ob mice but not db/db mice]. ''Nat Genet'' 14:95-7.</re ...neurones of the [[arcuate nucleus]] and [[ventromedial nucleus]] of the [[hypothalamus]].<ref name=schwartz2000>Schwartz MW, Woods SC, Porte D Jr, Seeley RJ, Bask

*[[Orexin]] (also called [[Hypocretin]]), made by nerve cells in the [[hypothalamus]]

...n models in acute and chronic stress: assessing determinants of individual hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis activity and reactivity ''Stress'' 13:1-14. PMID: 20 ...nate the stress response by reducing the responsiveness of neurones in the hypothalamus and elsewhere, and by attenuating the synthesis of CRH and ACTH.

...d vasopressin are synthesised by large [[neuroendocrine neurons]] of the [[hypothalamus]] whose axons project into the posterior pituitary gland. The pituicytes ar <ref>Hatton GI ''et al.'' (1984) Dynamic neuronal-glial interactions in hypothalamus and pituitary: implications for control of hormone synthesis and release ''

...eted by neuroendocrine neurones of the [[paraventricular nucleus]] of the[[hypothalamus]] into the hypothalamo-hypophysial portal circulation. TSH is secreted into

...ed by defects in the [[adrenal gland]]s, the [[pituitary]] gland, or the [[hypothalamus]]."<ref name="title">{{cite web |url=http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2008/M

***[[Hypothalamus]]

...n and around the arcuate nucleus (ARC) and the ventral part of the lateral hypothalamus <ref name=Yi06>Yi CX (2006)Ventromedial arcuate nucleus communicates periph The [[suprachiasmatic nucleus]] in the [[hypothalamus]] is the vital coordinator of the fluctuations in neuronal and hormonal act

...concentration after a meal was sensed by "glucoreceptor" neurons in the [[hypothalamus]], which then signalled for meal termination. Glucose was thus thought of The [[hypothalamus]] and the caudal brainstem contain important centres which are responsible

...ce ghrelin. The small intestine, liver, pancreas, kidney, lung, pituitary, hypothalamus, placenta and testes also yield small amounts of ghrelin.<ref name=kirchner ...urons of the [[arcuate nucleus]] and the [[ventromedial nucleus]] of the [[hypothalamus]]. There is also evidence that ghrelin may also be made by a small populati

...the main one in humans. Cortisol release triggers negative feedback to the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary, resulting in a fall in circulating ACTH, and subseq ...roject to many other parts of the hypothalamus, including to the [[lateral hypothalamus]] (LH), and the [[paraventricular nucleus]] (PVN). PVN stimulation causes i

...ellum]]; DM, dorsal [[midbrain]]; DMT, dorsal medial [[thalamus]]; Hypo, [[hypothalamus]]; LAI/RAI, left/right anterior [[insula]]; LAP/RAP, left/right posterior i