Central nervous system > Related Articles
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Parent topics
- Biology [r]: The science of life — of complex, self-organizing, information-processing systems living in the past, present or future. [e]
- Nervous system [r]: The control unit of bodily functions in animals. [e]
Subtopics
- Brain [r]: The core unit of a central nervous system. [e]
- Cerebellum [r]: The small brain — a part of the hindbrain in vertebrates. [e]
- Brain stem [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Basal ganglia [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Spinal chord [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Neural crest [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Neuron [r]: An excitable cell that is specialized to conduct nerve impulses. [e]
- Neuroanatomy [r]: The branch of anatomy that studies the anatomical organization of the nervous system. [e]
- Cerebrospinal fluid [r]: The liquid in which the central nervous system is embedded. [e]
- Cerebral cortex [r]: External tissue layer within the vertebrate central nervous system; home to the nerve cell bodies; important in learning and dementia. [e]
- Cortical thickness [r]: The combined thickness of the cerebral cortex layers. [e]
- Gyrus [r]: A ridge on the surface of the cerebral cortex in mammals. [e]
- Sulcus [r]: A fissure on the surface of the cerebral cortex in mammals. [e]
- Gyrification [r]: The folding process during brain development, or the extent of folding. [e]
- Grey matter [r]: A subset of brain tissue that contains few myelinated axons but the somas of nerve cells, as well as glia and endothelial structures. [e]
- White matter [r]: A subset of brain tissue whose volume is dominated by myelinated axons of nerve cells. [e]
Other related topics
- Peripheral nervous system [r]: The part of the nervous system consisting of the nerves and neurons that reside or extend outside the central nervous system (the brain and spinal cord) to serve the limbs and organs. [e]
- Medicine [r]: The study of health and disease of the human body. [e]
- Neurology [r]: The medical specialty concerned with evaluating the nervous system and the other system that it affects, and the treatment of nervous system disorders. [e]
- Psychiatry [r]: The subfield of health sciences concerned with mental disorders. [e]
- Acetaminophen [r]: An analgesic antipyretic drug widely used for the treatment of headaches, fever and other minor aches and pains. [e]
- Acetylcholinesterase [r]: An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of acetylcholine to choline and acetate, causing muscles, ennervated by cholinergic receptors, to relax [e]
- Acetylcholine [r]: A chemical transmitter in both the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and central nervous system (CNS) in many organisms including humans. [e]
- Aminoglycoside [r]: Antibiotics class that contain an amino sugar and amino- or guanido-substituted inositol rings attached to hexose. [e]
- Amphetamine [r]: A synthetic central nervous system stimulant which is used, today, to treat limited medical disorders. [e]
- Angiotensin [r]: Oligopeptides which are important in the regulation of blood pressure (vasoconstriction) and fluid homeostasis via the renin-angiotensin system. These include angiotensins derived naturally from precursor angiotensinogen, and those synthesized (National Library of Medicine). [e]
- Antidepressant [r]: Mood-stimulating drugs used primarily in the treatment of affective disorders and related conditions. [e]
- Anxiety [r]: A physiological state marked by demonstrable changes in cognitive, somatic, emotional, and behavioral components. [e]
- Arrhythmia [r]: Any variation from the normal rhythm or rate of the heart beat. [e]
- Ataxia [r]: Impairment of the ability to perform smoothly coordinated voluntary movements (National Library of Medicine). [e]
- Atenolol [r]: A cardioselective adrenergic beta-antagonist medication for hypertension and angina pectoris. [e]
- Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder [r]: Behavior disorder originating in childhood in which the essential features are signs of developmentally inappropriate inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity (National Library of Medicine). [e]
- Autism [r]: Developmental disability that results from a disorder of the human central nervous system. [e]
- Brain development [r]: The build-up of the brain from ectodermal cells to a complex structure of neurons and glia. [e]
- Brain evolution [r]: The process by which the central nervous system changed over many generations. [e]
- Brain morphometry [r]: The quantification of correlations between structures and functions in the brain. [e]
- Child-Pugh Score [r]: Tool that correlates closely to morbidity and mortality in patients with liver disease. [e]
- Circulatory system [r]: Organ system that passes nutrients, gases, hormones, blood cells, nitrogen waste products, etc. to and from cells in the body. [e]
- Connexin [r]: Family of structurally-related transmembrane proteins that assemble to form vertebrate gap junctions. [e]
- Decerebrate rigidity [r]: Extensor reflexes are exaggerated leading to rigid extension of the limbs (National Library of Medicine). [e]
- Decorticate rigidity [r]: Flexion of the elbows and wrists with extension of the legs and feet (National Library of Medicine). [e]
- Delusion [r]: A belief with no basis in reality, or shared with a person's culture, that persists despite evidence to the contrary. [e]
- Depression [r]: Psychiatric disorder characterized by generalized melancholy, retreat from social contact, disrupted sleep patterns, akathisia, or a feeling of restlessness and increased movement, and anhedonia, or a diminished ability to experience pleasure. [e]
- Franz Joseph Gall [r]: (1758 -1828) Notorious neuroscientist who founded the pseudoscience of phrenology. [e]
- Haloperidol [r]: Dopamine antagonist mainly used to treat schizophrenia and some other psychoses [e]
- Headache [r]: Continuous pain perceived as being in the cranium. [e]
- Hepatic encephalopathy [r]: Medical syndrome characterized by central nervous system dysfunction associated with liver failure. [e]
- Histamine antagonist [r]: A member of a class of drug that binds to cell surface receptors for histamine1, histamine2, and histamine3 receptors, preventing them from activating. The receptor types have a variety of functions; histamine1 activities include allergic reactions and nausea, histamine2 reduce gastric acid secretion and relax smooth muscle, and histamine3, still in research, have central nervous system effects. "Antihistamines" are most often histamine1 blockers. [e]
- Histamine [r]: A biogenic amine involved in local immune responses as well as regulating physiological function in the gut and acting as a neurotransmitter. [e]
- Human spine [r]: The part of the human body which is composed of the nerves of the spinal cord and its protective covering; the vertebral column or backbone. [e]
- Hypothalamus [r]: A part of the mammalian brain located below the thalamus, forming the major portion of the ventral region of the diencephalon. [e]
- Infant colic [r]: A medical term for persistent and inconsolable crying by healthy infants, who are usually between the ages of two and sixteen weeks. [e]
- Infection [r]: Invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in body tissues, especially that causing local cellular injury due to competitive metabolism, toxins, intracellular replication or antigen–antibody response. [e]
- Japanese encephalitis virus [r]: Human viral infection epidemic in Japan, transmitted by the common house mosquito (Culex pipiens) and characterized by severe inflammation of the brain. [e]
- Medication [r]: A licensed drug taken to cure or reduce symptoms of an illness or medical condition. [e]
- Metabolism [r]: The modification of chemical substances by living organisms. [e]
- Methamphetamine [r]: A psychostimulant and sympathomimetic drug, which enters the brain and triggers a cascading release of dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine. [e]
- Myelin [r]: The proteinaceous material constituting most of the insulating sheath that surrounds the axons of nerve cells. [e]
- Neuroimaging [r]: A group of techniques used to visualize structure and function of nervous systems, especially the vertebrate brain. [e]
- Neurology [r]: The medical specialty concerned with evaluating the nervous system and the other system that it affects, and the treatment of nervous system disorders. [e]
- Neuropathic pain [r]: Chronic pain state that is usually accompanied by tissue injury, with damaged, dysfunctional or injured nerve fibers. [e]
- Oxytocin [r]: A mammalian hormone that is secreted into the bloodstream from the posterior pituitary gland, and which is also released into the brain where it has effects on social behaviors. [e]
- Pain physiology [r]: Science of the functions and phenomena of tissue-damaging or potentially tissue-damaging stimulus. [e]
- Pannexin [r]: Member of a vertebrate family of proteins homologous to the invertebrate innexins, present to form channels that allow release of ATP in erythrocytes and taste receptor cells. [e]
- Prolactin [r]: Hormone secreted from lactotroph cells of the anterior pituitary gland with an essential role in lactation. [e]
- Sedative [r]: An agent that decreases functional activity, diminishes irritability, and allays excitement. [e]
- Serotonin syndrome [r]: Potentially fatal drug interaction caused by combining drugs that raise the level of serotonin in the patient's nervous system to dangerously high levels. [e]
- Stroke [r]: A sudden loss of brain function due to interrupted blood supply. [e]
- Synapse [r]: Contact point between neurons and other cells, crucial for nerve signalling [e]
- Trypanosoma brucei [r]: Parasitic obligate protist species, with three subspecies, that causes African trypanosomiasis (or sleeping sickness) in humans and nagana in animals in Africa. [e]
- Venereal disease [r]: Infections spread through sexual contact. [e]
