Forward Area Air Defense: Difference between revisions

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imported>Howard C. Berkowitz
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Control, Communications, Computers, and Intelligence (BM/C4I)
Control, Communications, Computers, and Intelligence (BM/C4I)
system system are the radios, computers, radars, and [[surface-to-air missile]]s to cover an Army tactical areas. With its ability to interoperate with the U.S. Air Force [[E-3 Sentry]] and U.S. Navy [[E-2 Hawkeye]], it can also get support from [[fighter aircraft]]; the E-3, again via JTIDS, can cue the air defenses of Navy ships that are in range.
system system are the radios, computers, radars, and [[surface-to-air missile]]s to cover an Army tactical areas. With its ability to interoperate with the U.S. Air Force [[E-3 Sentry]] and U.S. Navy [[E-2 Hawkeye]], it can also get support from [[fighter aircraft]]; the E-3, again via JTIDS, can cue the air defenses of Navy ships that are in range.
FAAD implements [[air defense artillery]] doctrine, but adds interfaces to systems outside the immediate ADA structure. command posts (CP), tactical operations centers (TOC), and fire direction centers (FDC).


Integral components of the FAAD C3I system include:
Integral components of the FAAD C3I system include:
*Air Battle Management Operations Center (ABMOC) that monitors and controls the air defense tactical operations for the battalion.
*[[Air Battle Management Operations Center]] (ABMOC) that monitors and controls the air defense tactical operations for the ADA battalion.
*Army Airspace Command and Control (A2C2) system that provides division TOC liaison.
*[[Army Airspace Command and Control]] (A2C2) system that provides air defense information to the division TOC.
*Sensor/Command and Control (Sensor/C2) system that processes and disseminates track data to firing batteries.
*Sensor/Command and Control (Sensor/C2) system that processes and disseminates track data to firing batteries.
*The Sentinel radar that provides early warning and system cueing information. This is the primary intelligence component.
*The Sentinel radar that provides early warning and system cueing information. This is the primary intelligence component.
*Simplified Handheld Terminal Unit (SHTU) or Handheld Terminal Unit (HTU) with the battery command posts and weapon systems.
*Simplified Handheld Terminal Unit (SHTU) or Handheld Terminal Unit (HTU) with the battery command posts and weapon systems.C2 system is referenced in <ref name=FM44-100-2-Ch05>{{citation
| id= FM 44-100-2
| title = Air Defense Artillery Reference Handbook
| date = 31 March 2000
| chapter = Chapter 5, Command and Control Systems
| url = http://www.fas.org/spp/starwars/docops/fm44-100-2fd/chapter5.htm}}</ref>


The ABMOC and A2C2 systems utilize the Army Standard Integrated Command Post System (SICPS) shelter with HMMWV. [[SINCGARS]] and [[EPLRS]] radios, [[Mobile Subscriber Equipment]] ([[MSE]]), and [[Joint Tactical Information Distribution System]] (JTIDS) terminal provide communications (voice and data)  
The ABMOC and A2C2 systems utilize the Army Standard Integrated Command Post System (SICPS) shelter with HMMWV. [[SINCGARS]] and [[EPLRS]] radios, [[Mobile Subscriber Equipment]] ([[MSE]]), and [[Joint Tactical Information Distribution System]] (JTIDS) terminal provide communications (voice and data)  
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*Reduced fratricide
*Reduced fratricide


          o Netted organic sensors (Sentinel, LSDIS)
* Netted organic sensors (Sentinel, LSDIS)
<ref name=>{{citation
<ref name=>{{citation
  | url = http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/policy/army/fm/44-48/fm44-_12.htm
  | url = http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/policy/army/fm/44-48/fm44-_12.htm
  }}</ref>
  }}</ref>


 
==Communications systems; time and position information==
C2 system is referenced in <ref name=FM44-100-2-Ch05>{{citation
All the ground radios, at least, will be consolidated into the [[Joint Tactical Radio System]]
| id= FM 44-100-2
*[[Joint Tactical Information Distribution System]] (JTIDS)
| title = Air Defense Artillery Reference Handbook
*[[Single Channel Ground and Airborne Radio System]](SINCGARS)
| date = 31 March 2000
*[[Enhanced Position Location Reporting System (EPLRS)
| chapter = Chapter 5, Command and Control Systems
*[[Global Positioning System]] (GPS)
| url = http://www.fas.org/spp/starwars/docops/fm44-100-2fd/chapter5.htm}}</ref>
==Communications systems==
All the ground radios, at least, will be consolidated into the [[Joint Tactical Radio System]]/
*[[Joint Tactical Information Distribution System]] (JTIDS) /
MIDS
* [[Single Channel Ground and Airborne Radio System]]
(SINCGARS)
* [[Enhanced Position Location Reporting System (EPLRS)
 
 
* Global Positioning System]] (GPS)
==Radar===
==Radar===
* [[E-3 Sentry]] [[Airborne Warning and Control System]] (AWACS)
*[[E-3 Sentry]] [[Airborne Warning and Control System]] (AWACS)
* [[E-2 Hawkeye]]
*[[E-2 Hawkeye]]
* Sentinel, which is an upgrade of an early ADA radar, the AN/TPQ-36A version of the AN/APQ-36 firefinder
*[[MPQ-64|AN/MPQ-64 Sentinel]], which is derivative of an early ADA radar, the AN/TPQ-36A variant of the [[Radar MASINT# AN/TPQ-36 and -37 Counterartillery Radar|AN/APQ-36 Firefinder counterbattery radar]]
===Information sharing====
===Information sharing====
* Army Battle Command Systems (ABCS) architecture
* Army Battle Command Systems (ABCS) architecture
==Weapons==
==Weapons==
===Army===
===Army===
*THAAD
The Army has several levels of air defense weapons, not all in general deployment:
*PATRIOT
*THAAD exoatmospheric ballistic missile defense. [[TPY-2|AN/TPY-2 radar]], JTIDS.
*MEADS/SLAMRAAM
*PATRIOT endoatmospheric BMD; high to medium antiarcraft
*Avemger
*SLAMRAAM; deployed now in National Capital Area; to become low-to-medium range antiaircraft
*Avenger: low altitude including individual soldier; vehicle mounts to become final defense and helicopter defence when SLAMRAAM is in full production
*Stinger
*Stinger
===Air Force===
===Air Force===

Revision as of 16:31, 2 September 2008

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Template:TOC-right Included in the U.S. Army Forward Area Air Defense Command, Control and Intelligence (fAAD, or FAAD C2I), a Battle Management/Command, Control, Communications, Computers, and Intelligence (BM/C4I) system system are the radios, computers, radars, and surface-to-air missiles to cover an Army tactical areas. With its ability to interoperate with the U.S. Air Force E-3 Sentry and U.S. Navy E-2 Hawkeye, it can also get support from fighter aircraft; the E-3, again via JTIDS, can cue the air defenses of Navy ships that are in range.

FAAD implements air defense artillery doctrine, but adds interfaces to systems outside the immediate ADA structure. command posts (CP), tactical operations centers (TOC), and fire direction centers (FDC).

Integral components of the FAAD C3I system include:

  • Air Battle Management Operations Center (ABMOC) that monitors and controls the air defense tactical operations for the ADA battalion.
  • Army Airspace Command and Control (A2C2) system that provides air defense information to the division TOC.
  • Sensor/Command and Control (Sensor/C2) system that processes and disseminates track data to firing batteries.
  • The Sentinel radar that provides early warning and system cueing information. This is the primary intelligence component.
  • Simplified Handheld Terminal Unit (SHTU) or Handheld Terminal Unit (HTU) with the battery command posts and weapon systems.C2 system is referenced in [1]

The ABMOC and A2C2 systems utilize the Army Standard Integrated Command Post System (SICPS) shelter with HMMWV. SINCGARS and EPLRS radios, Mobile Subscriber Equipment (MSE), and Joint Tactical Information Distribution System (JTIDS) terminal provide communications (voice and data)

FAAD C3I provides command and control to Avenger, MANPADS Stinger, Bradley Stinger Fighting Vehicle (BSFV), and Linebacker weapon systems and the Sentinel and LSDIS sensor systems). FAAD C3I provides:

  • A composite air picture to SHORAD weapon systems from Air and Missile Defense (AMD) sources
  • Distributed threat and air battle information to the supported force
  • Reduced fratricide
  • Netted organic sensors (Sentinel, LSDIS)

[2]

Communications systems; time and position information

All the ground radios, at least, will be consolidated into the Joint Tactical Radio System

Radar=

Information sharing=

  • Army Battle Command Systems (ABCS) architecture

Weapons

Army

The Army has several levels of air defense weapons, not all in general deployment:

  • THAAD exoatmospheric ballistic missile defense. AN/TPY-2 radar, JTIDS.
  • PATRIOT endoatmospheric BMD; high to medium antiarcraft
  • SLAMRAAM; deployed now in National Capital Area; to become low-to-medium range antiaircraft
  • Avenger: low altitude including individual soldier; vehicle mounts to become final defense and helicopter defence when SLAMRAAM is in full production
  • Stinger

Air Force

  • F-15
  • F-16

Navy

  1. ↑ , Chapter 5, Command and Control Systems, Air Defense Artillery Reference Handbook, 31 March 2000, FM 44-100-2
  2. ↑
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