User:David Hume/sandbox: Difference between revisions

From Citizendium
Jump to navigation Jump to search
imported>David Hume
No edit summary
No edit summary
 
(27 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
pisiform bone (''os pisiforme'')
{{AccountNotLive}}
{{systemic}}


'''parent article''' - [[wrist]] or [[carpus]]
The Triangular Bone (os triquetum; cuneiform bone) (Fig. 223).—The triangular bone may be distinguished by its pyramidal shape, and by an oval isolated facet for articulation with the pisiform bone. It is situated at the upper and ulnar side of the carpus. The superior surface presents a medial, rough, non-articular portion, and a lateral convex articular portion which articulates with the triangular articular disk of the wrist. The inferior surface, directed lateralward, is concave, sinuously curved, and smooth for articulation with the hamate. The dorsal surface is rough for the attachment of ligaments. The volar surface presents, on its medial part, an oval facet, for articulation with the pisiform; its lateral part is rough for ligamentous attachment. The lateral surface, the base of the pyramid, is marked by a flat, quadrilateral facet, for articulation with the lunate. The medial surface, the summit of the pyramid, is pointed and roughened, for the attachment of the ulnar collateral ligament of the wrist.   8
Articulations.—The triangular articulates with three bones: the lunate laterally, the pisiform in front, the hamate distally; and with the triangular articular disk which separates it from the lower end of the ulna.
 
The Triangular Bone (os triquetrum; cuneiform bone)
 
{{Image|triquetral.JPG|left|300px|triquetral}}
 
{{Infobox Bone |
  Name          = Triquetral bone |
  Latin        = os triquetrum, os pyramidale, os triangulare |
  GraySubject  = 54 |
  GrayPage      = 224 |
  Image        = Carpus.png |
  Caption      = '''BONES OF HAND'''<BR>''Proximal:'' A=[[Scaphoid bone|Scaphoid]], B=[[Lunate bone|Lunate]], C=[[Triquetral bone|Triquetral]], D=[[Pisiform bone|Pisiform]]<BR>''Distal:'' E=[[Trapezium bone|Trapezium]], F=[[Trapezoid bone|Trapezoid]], G=[[Capitate bone|Capitate]], H=[[Hamate bone|Hamate]]<BR> |
  Image2        = Gray223.png |
  Caption2      = The left triquetal bone. |
  Origins      = |
  Insertions    = |
  Articulations = articulates with ''three'' bones:<BR>[[lunate]] laterally<BR>[[pisiform]] in front<BR>[[hamate]] distally<BR>triangular [[articular disk]] which separates it from the lower end of the [[ulna]]. |
  MeshName      = Triquetrum+Bone |
  MeshNumber    = A02.835.232.087.319.150.831 |
  DorlandsPre  = o_07 |
  DorlandsSuf  = 12598819  |
}}
The '''triquetral bone''' (also called '''triquetrum bone''', '''cuneiform bone''', '''pyramidal bone''', '''cubital bone''', '''three-cornered bone''', and '''triangular bone''') is located in the [[wrist]] on the medial side of the proximal row of the [[carpus]] between the [[lunate]] and [[pisiform]] bones. It is on the [[ulnar]] side of the hand, but does not articulate with the [[ulna]]. It connects with the [[pisiform]], [[hamate]], and [[lunate]] bones. It is the 3rd most commonly fractured carpal bone.
 
The triangular bone may be distinguished by its pyramidal shape, and by an oval isolated facet for articulation with the pisiform bone. It is situated at the upper and ulnar side of the carpus. To facilitate its palpation in an exam, the hand must be radially deviated so that the triquetrium moves out from under the ulnar styloid process. The triquetrum may be difficult to find, since it also lies under the pisiform.
 
The etymology derives from the Latin ''triquetrus'' which means "three-cornered."
 
==Surfaces==
The ''superior surface'' presents a medial, rough, non-articular portion, and a lateral convex articular portion which articulates with the triangular articular disk of the wrist.
 
The ''inferior surface'', directed lateralward, is concave, sinuously curved, and smooth for articulation with the hamate. The dorsal surface is rough for the attachment of ligaments.
 
The ''volar surface'' presents, on its medial part, an oval facet, for articulation with the pisiform; its lateral part is rough for ligamentous attachment.
 
The ''lateral surface'', the base of the pyramid, is marked by a flat, quadrilateral facet, for articulation with the lunate.
 
The ''medial surface'', the summit of the pyramid, is pointed and roughened, for the attachment of the ulnar collateral ligament of the wrist.
 
== See also ==
*[[Bone#Terminology|Bone terminology]]
*[[Terms for anatomical location]]
 
==Additional images==
<gallery>
Image:Gray219.png|Bones of the left hand. Volar surface.
Image:Gray220.png|Bones of the left hand. Dorsal surface.
</gallery>
 
{{Bones of upper extremity}}
 
[[Category:Skeletal system]]
[[Category:wrist]]


The Pisiform Bone (os pisiforme) The pisiform bone may be known by its small size, and by its presenting a single articular facet. It is situated on a plane anterior to the other carpal bones and is spheroidal in form. Its dorsal surface presents a smooth, oval facet, for articulation with the triangular: this facet approaches the superior, but not the inferior border of the bone. The volar surface is rounded and rough, and gives attachment to the transverse carpal ligament, and to the Flexor carpi ulnaris and Abductor digiti quinti. The lateral and medial surfaces are also rough, the former being concave, the latter usually convex.   10
Articulation.—The pisiform articulates with one bone, the triangular.


Volar: Pertaining to both the palm and sole. It comes from word "vola" which the ancient Romans used for "the palm of the hand and the sole of the foot."
{{musculoskeletal-stub}}


cf palmar (palm side of hand)and planar (sole of foot)
[[fr:Os triquetrum]]
[[nl:Os triquetrum]]
[[sk:Trojhranná kosť]]


The Triangular Bone (os triquetrum; cuneiform bone)


By comparison, the term "palm" applies to only the palm (the grasping side) of the hand. The Romans actually used the word "palma" for the outstretched palm of the hand.  
By comparison, the term "palm" applies to only the palm (the grasping side) of the hand. The Romans actually used the word "palma" for the outstretched palm of the hand.  


==topics in anatomy==
==Topics in Anatomy==
SYSTEMIC ANATOMY
 
INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
'''SYSTEMIC ANATOMY'''
integumentary system
Introduction and Systemic Overview
SKELETAL SYSTEM
*Anatomical Nomenclature
full skeleton
*Basic Structure and Function of Cells
skull
*Integrating Cells into Tissues
vertebral column
Systemic Overview
ribcage
*Nervous System
shoulder & arm
*Blood, Lymphoid Tissues and Haemopoiesis
hand & wrist
*Functional Anatomy of the Musculoskeletal System
pelvis
*Smooth Muscle and the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic systems
leg & ankle
*Skin and its Appendages
foot
*Endocrine System
MUSCULAR SYSTEM
*Principles of Hormone Production and Secretion
full body
*Embryology
muscle histology
**Embryogenesis
head & neck
**Prenatal and Neonatal Growth
thorax
 
shoulder & upper arm
[[Integumentary System]]
giceps brachii
*[[integumentary system]]
forearm & hand
 
abdomen
[[Skeletal System]]
pelvis, thigh & knee
*[[full skeleton]]
leg & foot
*[[axial skeleton]]
THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
*[[skull]]
nervous system
*[[vertebral column]]
brain
*[[ribcage]]
spinal cord
*[[appendicular skeleton]]
autonomic nervous system
*[[shoulder & arm]]
eye
*[[hand & wrist]]
ear
*[[pelvis]]
nose
*[[leg & ankle]]
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
*[[foot]]
endocrine sytem
 
hypothalamus & pituitary
[[Muscular System]]
thyroid & parathyroids
*[[full body]]
adrenal glands
*[[muscle histology]]
pancreas
*[[head & neck]]
ovaries
*[[thorax]]
testes
*[[shoulder & upper arm]]
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
*[[biceps brachii]]
cardiovascular system
*[[forearm & hand]]
lymphatic system
*[[abdomen]]
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
*[[pelvis]]
respiratory system
*[[thigh & knee]]
mouth, nose & throat
*[[leg & foot]]
lungs
 
[[Nervous System]]
*[[nervous system]]
*[[brain]]
*[[spinal cord]]
*[[autonomic nervous system]]
*[[eye]]
*[[ear]]
*[[nose]]
 
[[Endocrine System]]
*[[endocrine system]]
*[[hypothalamus & pituitary]]
*[[thyroid & parathyroids]]
*[[adrenal glands]]
*[[pancreas]]
*[[ovaries]]
*[[testes]]


DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
[[Cardiovascular System]] ([[Circulatory System]])
digestive system
*[[cardiovascular system]]
alimentary canal
*[[lymphatic system]]
accessory organs
mouth & throat
esophagus & stomach
liver, gallbladder
pancreas & duodenum
small intestine
large intestine
URINARY SYSTEM
urinary system
kidneys
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
male reproductive systerm
female reproductive system


REGIONAL ANATOMY
[[Lymphatic System]]
THE HEAD & NECK
the head & neck
the brain
the eye
the ear
THE THORAX
the thorax
the lungs
the hearg
THE ABDOMEN
the abdomen
stomach
liver & gallbladder
spleen
small intestine
large intestine
kidney
THE PELVIS
pelvis
THE UPPER LIMB
arm & elbow
forearm & hand
hand
THE LOWER LIMB
thigh & knee
leg & foot
foot


More Regional Anatomy
[[Immune System]]


HEAD, NECK AND BRAIN
[[Respiratory System]]
skull skull bones
*[[respiratory system]]
head and neck
*[[mouth]]
nose
*[[nose & throat]]
pharynx
*[[lung]]
larynx
cranial cavity
eye
ear
brain
radiographs
VERTEBRAL COLUMN AND SPINAL CORD
vertebrae
sacrum and coccyx
vertebral column and spinal cord muscles radiographs
UPPER LIMB
bones
shoulder
radiographsaxilla
upper arm
elbow
radiographsaxillaforearm
hand
radiographs
THORAX
bones
thoracic walls
heart
arteriograms
mediastinum and lungs
inlet, diaphragm and vessels
joints
radiographsaxilla
ABDOMEN AND PELVIS
anterior abdominal wall
upper abdominal viscera
liver
spleen
appendix
smal intestine
kidneys and suprarenal glands
posterior abdominal and pelvic wals
male inguinal region
female inguinal region
male pelvis
female pelvis
male perineum
female perineum
radiographs
LOWER LIMB
bones
gluteal region
thigh
hip joint
radiographsknee
radiograph
leg
ankle and foot
radiographs
APPENDIX
skeleton
arteries
veins
nerves
lymphatic system
muscles
skull foramina


CYTOLOGY
[[Digestive System]]
introduction
*[[digestive system]]
cell structure
*[[alimentary canal]]
epithelial tissues
*[[accessory organs]]
connective tissues
*[[mouth & throat]]
blood and haemopoiesis
*[[esophagus & stomach]]
EMBRYOLOGY
*[[liver]]
introduction
*[[gallbladder]]
sixual reproduction
*[[pancreas & duodenum]]
growth and differentiation
*[[small intestine]]
the female gamete
*[[large intestine]]
the male gamete
fertilization
heredity and human genetics
early development fo the human embryoLOGYdifferentiation of the embryonic area
formation of the embryoLOGYnutrition of the embryoLOGYimplantation and placentation
skeletal development
branchial apparatus
development of locomotor structures
nerovous system and special sense organs
vascular system
digestive and respriatory system
urogenital system
prenatal growth
OSTEOLOGY
human skeletal morphology
skeletal connective tissues
structure of cartilage
bone as a tissue
histogenesis of bone
verebral characteristics
sternum and ribs
the skull
exterior of the skull
interior ofr th cranium
individual cranial bones
cranial growth and variation
appendicular skeleton
skeleton of upper limb
skeleton of lower limb
ARTHROLOGY
fibrous and cartlaginous joints
structure of synovial joints
movements and mechanisms of joints
temporomandibular joint
vertebral andthoracic articulations
joints of the upper limb
joints of the lower limb
MYOLOGY
introduction
skeletal muscle
cardiac muscle
non-striated muscle
form and actions fo skeletal muscle
fasciae and muscles of the hea
anterolateral nuchal muscles and fasciae
fasciae and muscles of the trunk
fasciae and muslces of th upper limb
fasciae and muscles of the lower limb
ANGIOLOGy
introduction and vascular structuresvascular patterns'
thoracic cavity and pericardium
the heart
aortic arch
carotid arterial system
subclavian arterial system
thoracic aorta
abdomanal aorta
ilia arterial system
cranial venous system
veins of the upper limb
thoracic veins
veins of the lower limb
abdominal veins
reticulo-endothelial and lymphatic system
the spleen
the thymus
regional lymph nodes and vessels
NEUROLOGY
general principles
neuroanatomical techniques
neurocytology
nervous system – divisions
spinal medulla or cord
myelencephalon – medulla oblongata
metencephalon-pons
cerebellum
mesencephalon-midbrain
reticular formation
diencaphalon
dorsal thalamus
epithalamus
ventral thalamus
hypothalamus
metathalamus
crebral surfaces
limbic lobe
crebral cortex-structure
cerebral cortex-areas
basal nuclei
meninges-cranial and spinal
peripheral nervous system
individual cranial nerves
mophology of cranial nerves
spinal nerves
dorsal spinal rami
cervical ventral spinal rami
thoracic ventral spinal rami
lumbar ventral spinal rami
sacral and coccygeal ventral spinal rami
autonomic nervous system
parasympathetic nervous system
sympathetic nervous system
major autonomic plexuses
gustatory apparatus
olfactory apparatus
visual apparatus
auditory and vestiular apparatus
integument-skin
SPLANCHNOLOGY
respiratory system
larynx
trachea and bronchi
pleurae
the mediastinum
lungs
alimentary system
the teeth
tongue, pharynx and oesophagus
the abdomen
peritoneum
gastro-intestinal tract
pancreas
liver
urogenital system
the urinary tract
reproductive organs – male
reproductive organs – female
endocrine glands


[[Reproductive System]]
*[[male reproductive systerm]]
*[[female reproductive system]]


I. INTRODUCTION AND SYSTEMIC OVERVIEW
*[[Excretory System]] ([[Urinary System]])
Anatomical Nomenclature • Basic Structure and Function of Cells • Integrating Cells into Tissues
*[[urinary system]]
Systemic Overview:
*[[kidneys]]
Nervous System • Blood, Lymphoid Tissues and Haemopoiesis • Functional Anatomy of the Musculoskeletal System • Smooth Muscle and the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic systems • Skin and its Appendages • Endocrine System: Principles of Hormone Production and Secretion • Embryogenesis • Prenatal and Neonatal Growth
II. NEUROANATOMY
Overview of the Organization of the Nervous System • Autonomic Nervous System • Development of the Nervous System • Cranial Meninges • Ventricular System and Cerebrospinal Fluid • Vascular Supply of the Brain • Spinal Cord • Brain Stem • Cerebellum • Diencephalon • Cerebral Hemisphere • Basal Ganglia • Special Senses
III. HEAD AND NECK
Surface Anatomy of the Head and Neck • Overview of the Development of the Head and Neck
Head:
Skull and Mandible • Development of the Skull • Face and Scalp • Infratemporal Region and Temporomandibular Joint
Neck and Upper Aerodigestive Tract:
Neck • Nose, Nasal Cavity, Paranasal Sinuses and Pterygopalatine Fossa • Oral Cavity • Development of the Face and Neck • Pharynx • Larynx • Development of the Pharynx, Larynx and Oesophagus
Ear and Auditory and Vestibular Apparatus:
External and Middle Ear • Inner Ear • Development of the Ear
The Bony Orbit and Peripheral and Accessory Visual Apparatus:
The Orbit and its Contents • The Eye • Development of the Eye
IV. BACK AND MACROSCOPIC ANATOMY OF THE SPINAL CORD
Surface Anatomy of the Back • The Back • Macroscopic Anatomy of the Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves • Development of the Vertebral Column
V. PECTORAL GIRDLE AND UPPER LIMB
General Organization and Surface Anatomy of the Upper Limb • Pectoral Girdle, Shoulder Region and Axilla • Upper Arm • Elbow • Forearm • Wrist and Hand • Overview of Development of the Limbs • Development of the Pectoral Girdle and Upper Limb
VI. THORAX
Surface Anatomy of the Thorax • Chest Wall • Breast Heart and Mediastinum:
Mediastinum • Heart and Great Vessels • Development of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
Lungs and Diaphragm:
Microstructure of the Trachea, Bronchi and Lungs • Pleura, Lungs, Trachea and Bronchi • Diaphragm and Phrenic Nerve • Development of the Trachea, Lungs and Diaphragm
VII. ABDOMEN AND PELVIS
Introduction:
Surface Anatomy of the Abdomen and Pelvis • Anterior Abdominal Wall • Posterior Abdominal Wall and Retroperitoneum • Peritoneum and Peritoneal Cavity
Gastrointestinal Tract:
General Microstructure of the Gut Wall • Stomach and Abdominal Oesophagus
Small Intestine:
Microstructure of the Small Intestine • Duodenum • Jejunum and Ileum
Large Intestine:
Microstructure of the Large Intestine • Overview of the Large Intestine • Caecum • Vermiform Appendix • Ascending Colon • Transverse Colon • Descending Colon • Sigmoid Colon • Rectum • Anal Canal
Hepatobiliary System
Liver • Gall Bladder and Biliary Tree
Pancreas, Spleen and Suprarenal Gland:
Pancreas • Spleen • Suprarenal (Adrenal) Gland
Development of the Peritoneal Cavity, Gastrointestinal Tract and its Adnexae:
Development of the Peritoneal Cavity, Gastrointestinal Tract and its Adnexae
Kidney and Ureter:
Kidney • Ureter
Bladder, Prostate and Ureter:
Bladder • Male Urethra • Female Urethra • Prostate
Male Reproductive System:
Testes and Epididymes • Vas Deferens and Ejaculatory Ducts • Spermatic Cords and Scrotum • Penis • Accessory Glandular Structures
Female Reproductive System:
Ovaries • Uterine Tubes • Uterus • Implantation, Placentation, Pregnancy and Parturition • Vagina • Female External Genital Organs
True Pelvis, Pelvic Floor and Perineum:
True Pelvis, Pelvic Floor and Perineum
Development of the Urogenital System:
Development of the Urogenital System
VIII. PELVIC GIRDLE AND LOWER LIMB
General Organization and Surface Anatomy of the Lower Limb • Pelvic Girdle, Gluteal Region and Hip Joint • Thigh • Knee • Leg • Foot and Ankle • Development of the Pelvic Girdle and Lower Limb
Eponyms
Index

Latest revision as of 03:43, 22 November 2023


The account of this former contributor was not re-activated after the server upgrade of March 2022.


Template:Systemic

The Triangular Bone (os triquetum; cuneiform bone) (Fig. 223).—The triangular bone may be distinguished by its pyramidal shape, and by an oval isolated facet for articulation with the pisiform bone. It is situated at the upper and ulnar side of the carpus. The superior surface presents a medial, rough, non-articular portion, and a lateral convex articular portion which articulates with the triangular articular disk of the wrist. The inferior surface, directed lateralward, is concave, sinuously curved, and smooth for articulation with the hamate. The dorsal surface is rough for the attachment of ligaments. The volar surface presents, on its medial part, an oval facet, for articulation with the pisiform; its lateral part is rough for ligamentous attachment. The lateral surface, the base of the pyramid, is marked by a flat, quadrilateral facet, for articulation with the lunate. The medial surface, the summit of the pyramid, is pointed and roughened, for the attachment of the ulnar collateral ligament of the wrist. 8

Articulations.—The triangular articulates with three bones: the lunate laterally, the pisiform in front, the hamate distally; and with the triangular articular disk which separates it from the lower end of the ulna.

The Triangular Bone (os triquetrum; cuneiform bone)

triquetral

Template:Infobox Bone The triquetral bone (also called triquetrum bone, cuneiform bone, pyramidal bone, cubital bone, three-cornered bone, and triangular bone) is located in the wrist on the medial side of the proximal row of the carpus between the lunate and pisiform bones. It is on the ulnar side of the hand, but does not articulate with the ulna. It connects with the pisiform, hamate, and lunate bones. It is the 3rd most commonly fractured carpal bone.

The triangular bone may be distinguished by its pyramidal shape, and by an oval isolated facet for articulation with the pisiform bone. It is situated at the upper and ulnar side of the carpus. To facilitate its palpation in an exam, the hand must be radially deviated so that the triquetrium moves out from under the ulnar styloid process. The triquetrum may be difficult to find, since it also lies under the pisiform.

The etymology derives from the Latin triquetrus which means "three-cornered."

Surfaces

The superior surface presents a medial, rough, non-articular portion, and a lateral convex articular portion which articulates with the triangular articular disk of the wrist.

The inferior surface, directed lateralward, is concave, sinuously curved, and smooth for articulation with the hamate. The dorsal surface is rough for the attachment of ligaments.

The volar surface presents, on its medial part, an oval facet, for articulation with the pisiform; its lateral part is rough for ligamentous attachment.

The lateral surface, the base of the pyramid, is marked by a flat, quadrilateral facet, for articulation with the lunate.

The medial surface, the summit of the pyramid, is pointed and roughened, for the attachment of the ulnar collateral ligament of the wrist.

See also

Additional images

  • Bones of the left hand. Volar surface.

    Bones of the left hand. Volar surface.

  • Bones of the left hand. Dorsal surface.

    Bones of the left hand. Dorsal surface.

Template:Bones of upper extremity


Template:Musculoskeletal-stub

fr:Os triquetrum nl:Os triquetrum sk:Trojhranná kosť


By comparison, the term "palm" applies to only the palm (the grasping side) of the hand. The Romans actually used the word "palma" for the outstretched palm of the hand.

Topics in Anatomy

SYSTEMIC ANATOMY Introduction and Systemic Overview

  • Anatomical Nomenclature
  • Basic Structure and Function of Cells
  • Integrating Cells into Tissues

Systemic Overview

  • Nervous System
  • Blood, Lymphoid Tissues and Haemopoiesis
  • Functional Anatomy of the Musculoskeletal System
  • Smooth Muscle and the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic systems
  • Skin and its Appendages
  • Endocrine System
  • Principles of Hormone Production and Secretion
  • Embryology
    • Embryogenesis
    • Prenatal and Neonatal Growth

Integumentary System

Skeletal System

Muscular System

Nervous System

Endocrine System

Cardiovascular System (Circulatory System)

Lymphatic System

Immune System

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Reproductive System

Retrieved from "https://citizendium.org/wiki/index.php?title=User:David_Hume/sandbox&oldid=905340"