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|[[Image:Writeathon.png|left|40px]]<center><BIG>'''Our [[CZ:Monthly Write-a-Thon|Monthly Write-a-Thon]] is on!</BIG><br />''Wednesday, 1st April!'''''</center><br />
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=== '''A new wiki encyclopedia project&mdash;and more!''' ===
<blockquote>
* We aim at '''reliability''' and '''quality''', not just quantity.
 
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{{Image|Water drop crop.jpg|center|300px|Each sentence you add is another drop in an expanding sea of words.}}


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=== Some of our finest <font size=1>[&nbsp;[[CZ:Approval Process|about]]&nbsp;] </font> ===
[[Image:Approved.png|35px|35px|left]]
:* [[:Category:Approved Articles|Approved Articles]] <font size=1>('''105''')</font>
:* [[:Category:Developed Articles|Developed Articles]] <font size=1>(over&nbsp;900)</font>
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|<div style="background-color:lightyellow; color:darkblue; font-size:90%"><!--
<center>'''"Share your knowledge. It's a way to achieve immortality."'''</center>
<center>&mdash;Jackson Brown and H. Jackson Brown, Jr., ''Life's Little Instruction Book''</center>
<center>'''"The ink of the learned is equal in merit to the blood of the martyrs."'''</center>
<center>&mdash;Father Kristoforos, '[[''Birds Without Wings'']], by [[Louis de Bernières]]</center>
<center>'''"Trust yourself. You know more than you think you do."'''</center>
<center>&mdash;[[Benjamin Spock|Dr. Benjamin Spock (1903-1998)]]</center>
<center>'''"Knowledge is the true organ of sight, not the eyes."'''</center>
<center>&mdash;From the [[Panchatantra|Panchatantra]] [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/440899/Panchatantra (Indian literature)]</center>
<center>'''"If you have knowledge, let others light their candles in it.'''"</center>
<center>&mdash;[[Margaret Fuller|Margaret Fuller (1810-1850)]]</center>
<center>'''"A little knowledge that acts is worth infinitely more than much knowledge that is idle.'''"</center>
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<center>'''"I was brought up to believe that the only thing worth doing was to add to the sum of accurate information in the world."'''</center>
<center>&mdash;[[Margaret Mead]]</center>
<center>'''"Knowledge is the true organ of sight, not the eyes."'''</center>
<center>&mdash;From the [[Panchatantra|Panchatantra]] [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/440899/Panchatantra (Indian literature)]</center>
<center>'''"The ink of the learned is equal in merit to the blood of the martyrs."'''</center>
<center>&mdash;Father Kristoforos, [http://www.randomhouse.com/catalog/display.pperl?isbn=9781400079322&view=rg ''Birds Without Wings''], by [http://www.contemporarywriters.com/authors/?p=auth2 Louis de Bernières (b. 1954)]</center> -->
<center>'''"I was brought up to believe that the only thing worth doing was to add to the sum of accurate information in the world."'''</center>
<center>&mdash;[[Margaret Mead]]</center>
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=== Draft of the Week <font size=1>[ [[CZ:Article of the Week|about]] ]</font> ===
{{Image|Hume.jpg|right|150px|Statue of David Hume.}}
Scientists use a '''[[scientific method]]''' to investigate phenomena and acquire [[knowledge]]. They base the method on verifiable observation &mdash; i.e., on [[empirical]] evidence rather than on pure logic or supposition &mdash; and on the [[reasoning|principles of reasoning]].  Scientists propose explanations &mdash; called 'hypotheses' &mdash; for their observed phenomena, and perform experiments to determine whether the results accord with (support) the hypotheses or falsify them. They also formulate '[[Theory#Science|theories]]' that encompass whole domains of inquiry, and which bind supported hypotheses together into logically coherent wholes. They refer to theories sometimes as ‘models’, which may or may not have a mathematical or computational basisThe technological achievements of the modern world have led many to conclude that the success of science stems from the methodological rules that scientists follow. Not all philosophers and scientists accept that conclusion, and some deny that science has a genuinely methodological process at all.<font size=1>[[Scientific method|['''more...''']]]</font>


=== New Draft of the Week <font size=1>[ [[CZ:New Draft of the Week|about]] ]</font> ===
The '''[[McGuffey Readers]]''', first published in 1836-37, were a set of highly influential [[school]] textbooks for use in the elementary and higher grades in the United States. Indeed, owing to their widespread usage over many years, they played an important role in shaping the American character itself. From the year in which they were first published, and for nearly a century thereafter, successive generations of American schoolchildren used these readers to acquire basic [[literacy]] skills and to imbibe the moral lessons they taught.


[[William Holmes McGuffey]] (1800-73) was the author/compiler of the first four volumes of the first edition of what would eventually become a six-volume set of graded readers. In subsequent years, a series of editors took over the responsibility for the readers, which nevertheless were faithful in retaining their original character as moral shapers of youth.


A major revision in 1879 altered the slant of the readers away from the stark [[Calvinism]] which had characterized the earlier versions, but did so without sacrificing the basic [[religion|religious]] and [[morality|moral]] objectives.


The readers have sold over 125 million copies, and remain in demand among many who are dissatisfied with modern trends in education and seek a return to a more traditional, "values oriented" education of an earlier era.<font size=1>[[McGuffey Readers|['''more...''']]]</font>  
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<h4 style="margin:0 0 0.75em; padding:0;"> '''Article counts''' </h4>
<p style="line-height:15px; padding-left:20px;">
[[:Category:Citable versions of articles|Citable]] <font size=1>('''{{PAGESINCAT:Citable versions of articles}}''')</font><br />
[[:Category:Developed Articles|Developed]] <font size=1>('''{{PAGESINCAT:Developed Articles}}''')</font><br />
[[:Category:Developing Articles|Developing]] <font size=1>('''{{PAGESINCAT:Developing Articles}}''')</font><br />
[[:Category:Stub Articles|Stubs]] <font size=1>('''{{PAGESINCAT:Stub Articles}}''')</font><br />
<small>([[:Category:CZ Live|{{PAGESINCAT:CZ Live}} total]])</small>
</p>
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----<h3 style="margin-top:0; padding-top:0.6em; border-top:1px dotted #e0e0e0;">
<big>[[CZ:Featured article|Featured Article]]: ''[[{{FeaturedArticleTitle}}]]''</big>
</h3>
{{CZ:Featured article/Current}}
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<div style='text-align: right;'><small>''[[{{FeaturedArticleTitle}}|Continued]]...''</small></div>

Revision as of 12:35, 25 October 2024

New Blog Post
Why is Citizendium deleting articles?


Help Write Articles about our World

Welcome to Citizendium, a wiki for providing free knowledge where authors use their real names. We regard information as a public good and welcome anyone who wants to share their knowledge on virtually any subject. Our online community prides itself on being congenial and supportive. Read more about who we are.

See Recent Changes—an overview of articles being worked on now.

Become a member--it's free!

Agriculture Earth Sciences Journalism Physics
Anthropology Economics Law Politics
Archaeology Education Library & Info. Sci. Psychology
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Donations go to keep our servers running. See our financial report.





















Article counts

Citable (146)
Developed (1,129)
Developing (7,403)
Stubs (7,676)
(16,484 total)

Writing is easy. All you do is sit down at a typewriter and open a vein.
— Red Smith
       —add a quotation about knowledge or writing

Featured Article: Nuclear power reconsidered

After decades of failure to slow the rising global consumption of coal, oil and gas,[1] many countries have proceeded as of 2024 to reconsider nuclear power in order to lower the demand for fossil fuels.[2] Wind and solar power alone, without large-scale storage for these intermittent sources, are unlikely to meet the world's needs for reliable energy.[3][4][5] See Figures 1 and 2 on the magnitude of the world energy challenge.

Nuclear power plants that use nuclear reactors to create electricity could provide the abundant, zero-carbon, dispatchable[6] energy needed for a low-carbon future, but not by simply building more of what we already have. New innovative designs for nuclear reactors are needed to avoid the problems of the past.

(CC) Image: Geoff Russell
Fig.1 Electricity consumption may soon double, mostly from coal-fired power plants in the developing world.[7]

Issues Confronting the Nuclear Industry

New reactor designers have sought to address issues that have prevented the acceptance of nuclear power, including safety, waste management, weapons proliferation, and cost. This article will summarize the questions that have been raised and the criteria that have been established for evaluating these designs. Answers to these questions will be provided by the designers of these reactors in the articles on their designs. Further debate will be provided in the Discussion and the Debate Guide pages of those articles.

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Global Energy Growth by Our World In Data
  2. ↑ Countries, organizations, and public figures that have reconsidered their stance on nuclear power are listed on the External Links tab of this article.
  3. ↑ Pumped storage is currently the most economical way to store electricity, but it requires a large reservoir on a nearby hill or in an abandoned mine. Li-ion battery systems at $500 per KWh are not practical for utility-scale storage. See Energy Storage for a summary of other alternatives.
  4. ↑ Utilities that include wind and solar power in their grid must have non-intermittent generating capacity (typically fossil fuels) to handle maximum demand for several days. They can save on fuel, but the cost of the plant is the same with or without intermittent sources.
  5. ↑ Mark Jacobson believes that long-distance transmission lines can provide an alternative to costly storage. See the bibliography for more on this proposal and the critique by Christopher Clack.
  6. ↑ "Load following" is the term used by utilities, and is important when there is a lot of wind and solar on the grid. Some reactors are not able to do this.
  7. ↑ Fig.1.3 in Devanney "Why Nuclear Power has been a Flop"

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