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=== Article of the Week <font size=1>[ [[CZ:Article of the Week|about]] ]</font> ===
=== Article of the Week <font size=1>[ [[CZ:Article of the Week|about]] ]</font> ===
[[Image:Biological_information_flow.gif|thumb|200px|In living cells, genes are expressed via a messenger RNA (mRNA) which participates in the synthesis of [[protein]]s. In turn, the catalytic activities of proteins decide many of the properties of a cell, that is, its outward [[phenotype]].]]
'''[[Gross Domestic Product]]''' ('''GDP''')  is a total  of the outputs recorded in a country’s [[national income accounts]]. It is the best-known of such totals, and  estimates of its growth rate are widely used as indicators of the prospects of inflation or unemployment. GDP ''per capita'' (that is, divided by total population) is the most frequently used measure of a country's or region's level of economic development. For alternative measures, see [[Human Development Index]].
'''[[RNA interference]] (RNAi)''' is a process that inhibits the flow of genetic information to protein synthesis, which normally proceeds from deoxyribonucleic acid ([[DNA]]) to messenger ribonucleic acid ([[mRNA]]) to proteins - a process known as [[gene expression]] (see figure, top right). mRNA, a single-stranded [[polymer]], is the key molecule whose sequence of [[nucleotide]]s transports the information encoded in DNA to regions of the cell where that DNA-genetic information is used for synthesizing [[protein]]s. Understanding that flow of information is necessary for understanding the RNAi mediated feedback loops that inhibit gene expression.


Specifically, RNAi is a mechanism in [[eukaryotic cells]] that is triggered when such cells are exposed to certain double-stranded ribonucleic acid (dsRNA) molecules. The  process has been detected in many organisms, including animal, plant and protist cells. The distinguishing characteristic of RNAi is destruction of mRNA molecules that share at least some of the sequence characteristics of dsRNA trigger molecules to which the cells have been exposed. RNAi has important biological roles in gene regulation and in protection of organisms against genetic parasites such as [[Virus (biology)|viruses]] and [[Transposon|transposons]].
Gross domestic product is the principal summary statistic of [[national income accounts]]. The current practice of national income accounting was developed during the Second World War  by Richard Stone and James Meade at the instigation of John Maynard Keynes  while they were working as civil servants  in the British Cabinet Office. In his 1984 Nobel prize lecture, Richard Stone ascribes the origins of the concept to essays by  William Petty in 1664 and Richard Gordon in 1802, and reproduces their estimates for the English economies of their times.
<font size=1>[[RNA interference|['''more...''']]]</font>
<font size=1>[[Gross domestic product|['''more...''']]]</font>


=== New Draft of the Week <font size=1>[ [[CZ:New Draft of the Week|about]] ]</font> ===
=== New Draft of the Week <font size=1>[ [[CZ:New Draft of the Week|about]] ]</font> ===
'''[[Palatalization]]''' denotes several processes of ''[[assimilation (linguistics)|assimilation]]'' in [[phonetics]] and [[phonology]], by which the articulation of a [[consonant]] is changed under the influence of a preceding or following front [[vowel]] or a palatal or palatalized consonant. This is especially likely to occur with the palatal approximant [j]. As a general term, palatalization can cover various different phonetic and [[phonology|phonological]] processes such as ''phonological palatalization'', ''phonetic palatalization'', ''[[assibilation]]'', and ''[[coronalization]]''. The term 'palatalization' is sometimes used by European [[linguistics|linguists]] ([[German language|German]] ''Palatalisierung'') to refer to a type of vowel mutation more commonly referred to as ''[[i-umlaut]]'' (UK: ''i-mutation''). The [[French language|French]] term ''mouillure'' (German ''Mouillierung'') is another word for (phonemic) palatalization. 
'''[[Henry Kissinger]]''' (1923- ), American exponent of "realism" in foreign policy; he dominated in the Nixon and Ford administrations as National Security Adviser and Secretary of State. He won the 1973 Nobel Peace Prize for reaching a peace that ended the [[Vietnam War]].  In close collaboration with Nixon, he created a détente policy that called for an end to the [[Cold War]] and for friendly relations with both the [[Soviet Union]] and [[China]].
<font size=1>[[Palatalization|['''more...''']]]</font>
<font size=1>[[Henry Kissinger|['''more...''']]]</font>
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Article of the Week [ about ]

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is a total of the outputs recorded in a country’s national income accounts. It is the best-known of such totals, and estimates of its growth rate are widely used as indicators of the prospects of inflation or unemployment. GDP per capita (that is, divided by total population) is the most frequently used measure of a country's or region's level of economic development. For alternative measures, see Human Development Index.

Gross domestic product is the principal summary statistic of national income accounts. The current practice of national income accounting was developed during the Second World War by Richard Stone and James Meade at the instigation of John Maynard Keynes while they were working as civil servants in the British Cabinet Office. In his 1984 Nobel prize lecture, Richard Stone ascribes the origins of the concept to essays by William Petty in 1664 and Richard Gordon in 1802, and reproduces their estimates for the English economies of their times. [more...]

New Draft of the Week [ about ]

Henry Kissinger (1923- ), American exponent of "realism" in foreign policy; he dominated in the Nixon and Ford administrations as National Security Adviser and Secretary of State. He won the 1973 Nobel Peace Prize for reaching a peace that ended the Vietnam War. In close collaboration with Nixon, he created a détente policy that called for an end to the Cold War and for friendly relations with both the Soviet Union and China. [more...]

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