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Article of the Week [ about ]

Oliver Cromwell (1599-1658), was an English soldier, statesman, and leader of the Puritan revolution, nicknamed "Old Ironsides". He rose from the ranks of the middle gentry to become an outstanding soldier; his genius for organizing and inspiring the parliamentary armies, called the "New Model Army" and nicknamed "roundheads", was displayed at the battle of Marston Moor (1644). Victory in the field allowed him to execute the king in 1649 and become (perhaps) a dictator; after 1653 he ruled under the title "Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland." He executed an aggressive and generally effective foreign policy. Cromwell did as much as any English ruler to shape the future of the land he governed, but his Commonwealth collapsed after his death and the royal family was restored in 1660.

An intensely religious man--a Puritan Moses--he fervently believed God was guiding his victories. However he was never identified with any one sect or position, and favoured religious tolerance.

Cromwell is the most controversial figure in all of British history. Strongly held opinions stretch from those who see him as a regicidal dictator who trampled on glorious royal traditions or a religious fanatic and a genocidal murderer of the Irish Catholics, to those who celebrate a hero of liberty who helped make the nation great. Most historians now have a favourable view of Cromwell's achievements and character. [more...]

New Draft of the Week [ about ]

Kansas v. Crane is a 2002 decision of the Supreme Court of the United States, in which the Court ruled that the law the state of Kansas could not apply its Kansas Sexually Violent Predator Act based purely on assessment of an emotional disorder, but was required to prove a likelihood of uncontrollable impulse presenting a clear and present danger. Specifically, it vacated the State Supreme Court's reversal of the trial court decision. The Court was troubled by this ruling, as it "less than five years ago, we upheld the very same statute against the very same contention in an appeal by the very same petitioner (the State of Kansas) from the judgment of the very same court."

The case has broader significance because medical detention is still a form of extrajudicial detention in the U.S., and forms part of the body of case jaw related to all extrajudicial detention, including detention for suspected terrorist activity. It also affects the matter of medicalizing sexual offenses.

[more...]

@@ Line 107: / Line 107: @@
 === Article of the Week <font size=1>[ [[CZ:Article of the Week|about]] ]</font> ===
-In '''[[Wisconsin v. Yoder]] et al.''' (406 U.S. 205) the [[United States Supreme Court]],  by a ruling of 6-1 on May 15, 1972, upheld the judgment of the Wisconsin Supreme Court in voiding the convictions of the [[Amish]] plaintiffs (Yoder et al) under the state's compulsory school attendance law. The convictions of the plaintiffs were voided under the [[Free Exercise Clause]] of the [[First Amendment]] to the [[United States Constitution]].
+[[Image:Cromwell.jpg|thumb|right|200px]]
+'''[[Oliver Cromwell]]''' (1599-1658), was an [[England|English]] soldier, statesman, and leader of the [[Puritans|Puritan]] revolution, nicknamed "Old Ironsides".  He rose from the ranks of the middle gentry to become an outstanding soldier; his genius for organizing and inspiring the parliamentary armies, called the "[[New Model Army]]" and nicknamed "roundheads", was displayed at the battle of Marston Moor (1644). Victory in the field allowed him to execute the king in 1649 and become (perhaps) a dictator; after 1653 he ruled under the title "Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, [[Scotland]], and [[Ireland]]." He executed an aggressive and generally effective foreign policy. Cromwell did as much as any English ruler to shape the future of the land he governed, but his Commonwealth collapsed after his death and the royal family was restored in 1660.
-The case had come to the U.S. Court as a result of a [[Wisconsin]] compulsory school attendance law which required parents to enroll their children in public or private schools until at least the age of 16. The defendants, who were members of an Old Order Amish community, refused to send their 14 and 15 year old children to the consolidated public schools, or to otherwise provide education for them, in satisfaction of the statutes, after they had completed the eighth grade.
+An intensely religious man--a Puritan Moses--he fervently believed God was guiding his victories. However he was never identified with any one sect or position, and favoured religious tolerance.
-At lower court levels, the Amishmen were convicted of violating the statute and fined. They claimed that their rights under the free exercise of religion clause (First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution) were violated by the statute and appealed the conviction. Their appeal was heard by the state Supreme Court, where they were upheld. The State of Wisconsin then took the matter to the United States Supreme Court.<font size=1>[[Wisconsin v. Yoder|['''more...''']]]</font>
+Cromwell is the most controversial figure in all of [[History of the United Kingdom|British history]]. Strongly held opinions stretch from those who see him as a regicidal dictator who trampled on glorious royal traditions or a religious fanatic and a genocidal murderer of the Irish Catholics, to those who celebrate a hero of liberty who helped make the nation great. Most historians now have a favourable view of Cromwell's achievements and character.
+<font size=1>[[Oliver Cromwell|['''more...''']]]</font>
 === New Draft of the Week <font size=1>[ [[CZ:New Draft of the Week|about]] ]</font> ===
-{{Image|NOAA punch cards.jpg|right|200px|A deck of punch cards.}}
+'''[[Kansas v. Crane]]''' is a 2002 decision of the [[Supreme Court of the United States]], in which the Court ruled that the law the state of [[Kansas]] could not apply its [[Kansas Sexually Violent Predator Act]] based purely on assessment of an emotional disorder, but was required to prove a likelihood of uncontrollable impulse presenting a clear and present danger. Specifically, it vacated the State Supreme Court's reversal of the trial court decision. The Court was troubled by this ruling, as it "less than five years ago, we upheld the very same statute against the very same contention in an appeal by the very same petitioner (the State of Kansas) from the judgment of the very same court."
-'''[[Punch card]]''' (alternately '''holleritch card''') is a term for cards used for storing information.
-[[Herman Hollerith]] is credited with the invention of the media for storing information from the [[United States Census]] of 1890.
-Hollerith reasoned that standard sized cards, that recorded information through the presence or absence of holes in standard locations on their surface, could be rapidly sorted and collated by machines.
+The case has broader significance because medical detention is still a form of [[extrajudicial detention, U.S.|extrajudicial detention in the U.S.]], and forms part of the body of case jaw related to all extrajudicial detention, including detention for suspected [[terrorism|terrorist]] activity. It also affects the matter of [[medicalizing sexual offenses]].
+ <font size=1>[[Kansas v. Crane|['''more...''']]]</font>
-After leaving the [[United States Census Bureau]] Hollerith founded a company that manufactured the use of [[tabulating machines]] designed to sort and collate punch cards.
-[[International Business Machines]], later to be a leading manufacturer of computers, started with the sale and manufacture of office machinery, including machines for sorting and collating punch cards. <font size=1>[[Punch card|['''more...''']]]</font>
 |}