Hives (urticaria)

Urticaria, also known as hives, is a dermatological medical condition in which red itchy bumps form on the skin. Hives are usually caused by an allergic reaction to a food or medication. People with allergies are more prone to develop urticaria; stress and infections can also cause it.

Symptoms

Itching and the formation of red welts, called wheals, typify hives. The wheals have clearly defined edges and appear individually or eventually group together forming large reddish formations. A wheal when pressed in the center will turn white: this is called blanching. The wheals can disappear within minutes or remain for hours. "A hive often will go away in 24 hours or less, but bouts can last longer."

Examination

A medical provider can visually determine the presence of hives. In some cases further testing may be done to determine what caused the allergic reaction (for cases where hives are caused by allergy).

Treatment

No treatment may be needed for mild hives. Patients can take anantihistamine such as diphenhydramine to help reduce the itching and swelling. Patients who have throat swelling due to hives may receive epinephrine (adrenaline) or steroids. In some severe cases those same medications may be used to treat the condition.

Potential complications

Both anaphylaxis and swelling in the throat are considered hives complications.