German Resistance/Related Articles

See also changes related to German Resistance, or pages that link to German Resistance or to this page or whose text contains "German Resistance".

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Parent topics

• National Socialism [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Adolf Hitler [r]: (1889–1945) Politician in Germany; became 1921 Nazi Party leader, 1933 Reichskanzler (Chancellor), then 1934 as der Führer dictator before and during World War II. ^[e]
• German military forces [r]: German military traditions and organization from pre-19th century unification, through the World Wars, through reunification ^[e]

Subtopics

Resisters

• Ludwig Beck [r]: (1880-1944) General in the German Army, became f Army Chief of Staff in 1933 with the rise of the Nazis but removed in 1938 for plotting against the regime; member of the German Resistance; committed suicide after the failure of the 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler; the conspirators planned to install him as Head of State ^[e]
• Dietrich Bonhoeffer [r]: Christian theologian and long-term anti-Nazi; arrested and executed following 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler ^[e]
• Wilhelm Canaris [r]: Rear Admiral in the German Navy during WWII; commanded Abwehr military intelligence service, which contained many anti-Nazi conspirators and was eventually absorbed by the SS; eventually executed at Flossenburg Concentration Camp ^[e]
• Hans von Dohnanyi [r]: (1902-1945) German attorney and legal adviser; attached to Abwehr in WWII; traveled abroad for German Resistance; executed for 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler ^[e]
• Erich Fellgiebel [r]: General of Communications Troops (equiv. Allied lieutenant general) in the WWII German Army, overall military communications chief; failed to cut Adolf Hitler's communications after the 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler and thus doomed the Operation Valkyrie coup; executed ^[e]
• Hans Bernd Gisevius [r]: (1904-1974) German attorney and civil servant; member of the German Resistance assigned to Abwehr duty in Switzerland where he worked with Allen Dulles of the U.S. Office of Strategic Services (OSS); while part of 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler, managed to escape to Switzerland; testified at postwar trials ^[e]
• Carl Goerdeler [r]: (1884-1945) German lawyer and elected politician before the Nazis came to power; prominent member of the German Resistance from the late 1930s, executed February 1945 for participation in the 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler ^[e]
• Paul von Hase [r]: (1885-1944) Generalleutnant of the WWII German Army and member of the German Resistance, who, after being too badly wounded for front-line duty, commanded the Berlin garrison; after the 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler, he urged coup conspirators to seize the city, but was arrested, tried and executed ^[e]
• Arvid Harnack [r]: (1901-1942) German legal scholar, with a doctorate in philosophy, in the Reich Ministry of Economics, who joined the Nazi Party for cover; with his wife, Mildred Harnack, spied for Red Orchestra ring of the Soviet Union in the interest of ending the war; arrested September 1942 and executed in December ^[e]
• Mildred Harnack [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Ulrich von Hassell [r]: (1881-1944) German diplomat; entered Foreign Office in 1908; dismissed for anti-Nazi views 1938; joined Ludwig Beck and Carl Goerdeler in assassination planning; tried to recruit Franz Halder, Friedrich Fromm and Erwin Rommel; arrested and executed after 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler ^[e]
• Caesar von Hofacker [r]: (1896-1944) Luftwaffe lieutenant colonel on staff of Carl Stulpnagel in Paris; cousin of Claus von Stauffenberg; liaison to Erwin Rommel; noted defiance of Roland Freisler in the People's Court but still executed for 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler after extensive torture, implicating Rommel ^[e]
• Erich von Hoepner [r]: (1886-1944) German Generaloberst; served in WWI, Reichswehr and Wehrmacht; anti-Nazi before 1933; tank and mobile warfare specialist; dismissed from command in 1942 for a tactical retreat against Hitler's orders; executed for participation in the 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler in which he was designated Minister of War ^[e]
• Ewald von Kleist [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Julius Leber [r]: (1891-1945) German liberal journalist, elected to Reichstag 1924 and became part of anti-Nazi bloc, arrested by Nazis in 1933, held for 4 years; rejoined opposition; arrested for suspicion in 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler and executed after two months of silence ^[e]
• Helmuth James Graf von Moltke [r]: (1907-1945) German jurist and member of the Resistance; great-grandnephew of Field Marshal Helmuth von Moltke the Elder; co-founded Kreisau Circle; executed for participation in 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler ^[e]
• Artur Nebe [r]: German police officer before the Nazis, first sympathetic then part of the resistance; headed KRIPO and then an Einsatzgruppe; executed for anti-Nazi activities ^[e]
• Friedrich Olbricht [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Hans Oster [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Johannes Popitz [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Hjalmar Schacht [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Fabian von Schlabrendorff [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Ulrich-Wilhelm Graf von Schwerin von Schwanenfeld [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Adam von Trott zu Solz [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Claus von Stauffenberg [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Henning von Tresckow [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Peter Yorck von Wartenburg [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Erwin von Witzleben [r]: Add brief definition or description

Aware but passive

• Erwin Rommel [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Ernst von Weizsaecker [r]: Add brief definition or description

Nazi security

• Heinrich Himmler [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Heinrich Müller [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Manfred Roeder (military jurist) [r]: Add brief definition or description