CZ:Featured article/Current: Difference between revisions

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== '''[[Diabetic neuropathy]]''' ==
== '''[[Hypercholesterolemia]]''' ==
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'''Diabetic neuropathies''' are [[neuropathy|neuropathic]] disorders that are associated with [[diabetes mellitus]]. These conditions are thought to result from diabetic microvascular injury involving small [[blood vessel]]s that supply nerves ([[vasa nervorum]]). Relatively common conditions which may be associated with diabetic neuropathy include [[third nerve palsy]]; [[mononeuropathy]]; mononeuropathy multiplex; diabetic [[amyotrophy]]; a [[Pain and nociception|painful]] polyneuropathy; [[autonomic]] neuropathy; and thoracoabdominal neuropathy.
'''Hypercholesterolemia''' is "a condition with abnormally high levels of [[cholesterol]] in the blood. It is defined as a cholesterol value exceeding the 95th percentile for the population."<ref name="title">{{cite web |url=http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2008/MB_cgi?term=Hypercholesterolemia |title=Hypercholesterolemia |accessdate=2008-01-18 |author=Anonymous |authorlink= |coauthors= |date= |format= |work= |publisher=National Library of Medicine }}</ref> It should be differentiated from [[dyslipidemia]], where the total cholesterol may not be abnormally high, but the ratios of lipid components are in an unhealthy range.


===Epidemiology===
===Prognostication===
In developed countries, [[diabetes mellitus]] is the leading known<ref>The largest group of neuropathy patients are of unknown cause, referred to as [[idiopathic]] in origin. Of the roughly 100 known causes, diabetes is by far the largest. Other known causes include genetic factors, damaging chemical agents such as chemotherapy drugs, and HIV.</ref> cause of neuropathy , and neuropathy is the most common complication and greatest source of [[morbidity]] and [[death|mortality]] in diabetes patients. It is estimated that the [[prevalence]] of neuropathy in diabetes patients is approximately 20%. Diabetic neuropathy is implicated in 50-75% of nontraumatic [[amputation]]s.
Non-HDL cholesterol and [[apolipoprotein]] B levels may better predict subsequent [[vascular disease]] thatn LDL-C levels.<ref name="pmid22453571">{{cite journal| author=Boekholdt SM, Arsenault BJ, Mora S, Pedersen TR, LaRosa JC, Nestel PJ et al.| title=Association of LDL cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B levels with risk of cardiovascular events among patients treated with statins: a meta-analysis. | journal=JAMA | year= 2012 | volume= 307 | issue= 12 | pages= 1302-9 | pmid=22453571 | doi=10.1001/jama.2012.366 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22453571  }} </ref>According to the Friedewald formula, non-HDL cholesterol is LDL-cholesterol LDL-C and VLDL-C.<ref name="pmid4337382">{{cite journal| author=Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Fredrickson DS| title=Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. | journal=Clin Chem | year= 1972 | volume= 18 | issue= 6 | pages= 499-502 | pmid=4337382 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref> If LDL-C levels are used as goals of therapy:<ref name="pmid12485966">{{cite journal| author=National  Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection,  Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult  Treatment Panel III)| title=Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP)  Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood  Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) final report. | journal=Circulation | year= 2002 | volume= 106 | issue= 25 | pages= 3143-421 | pmid=12485966 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref>


''[[Diabetic neuropathy|.... (read more)]]''
 
''[[Hypercholesterolemia|.... (read more)]]''


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Revision as of 02:40, 8 January 2013

Hypercholesterolemia

Hypercholesterolemia is "a condition with abnormally high levels of cholesterol in the blood. It is defined as a cholesterol value exceeding the 95th percentile for the population."[1] It should be differentiated from dyslipidemia, where the total cholesterol may not be abnormally high, but the ratios of lipid components are in an unhealthy range.

Prognostication

Non-HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein B levels may better predict subsequent vascular disease thatn LDL-C levels.[2]According to the Friedewald formula, non-HDL cholesterol is LDL-cholesterol LDL-C and VLDL-C.[3] If LDL-C levels are used as goals of therapy:[4]


.... (read more)

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