Alcoholism: Difference between revisions
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'''Alcoholism''' is defined as "a primary, chronic disease with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors influencing its development and manifestations. The disease is often progressive and fatal. It is characterized by impaired control over drinking, preoccupation with the drug alcohol, use of alcohol despite adverse consequences, and distortions in thinking, most notably denial. Each of these symptoms may be continuous or periodic."<ref name="title">{{cite web |url=http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2007/MB_cgi?term=Alcoholism |title=Alcoholism |author=National Library of Medicine |accessdate=2007-12-06 |format= |work=}}</ref> | '''Alcoholism''' is defined as "a primary, chronic disease with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors influencing its development and manifestations. The disease is often progressive and fatal. It is characterized by impaired control over drinking, preoccupation with the drug [[alcohol (drug)|alcohol]], use of alcohol despite adverse consequences, and distortions in thinking, most notably denial. Each of these symptoms may be continuous or periodic."<ref name="title">{{cite web |url=http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2007/MB_cgi?term=Alcoholism |title=Alcoholism |author=National Library of Medicine |accessdate=2007-12-06 |format= |work=}}</ref> | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
Revision as of 18:39, 24 December 2007
Alcoholism is defined as "a primary, chronic disease with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors influencing its development and manifestations. The disease is often progressive and fatal. It is characterized by impaired control over drinking, preoccupation with the drug alcohol, use of alcohol despite adverse consequences, and distortions in thinking, most notably denial. Each of these symptoms may be continuous or periodic."[1]
Treatment
Medications
Baclofen
Baclofen is a a selective GABA B-receptor agonist that in a single trial of patients with alcoholic cirrhosis improved abstinence rates (71% versus 29%) over three months.[2]
Disulfiram
A randomized controlled trial showed benefit from disulfiram [3]
Topiramate
A randomized controlled trial of volunteers showed benefit from topiramate.[2]
Naltrexone
Randomized controlled trials show conflicting benefit from naltrexone with benefit among recent abstainers[4] and no benefit from chronic users[5].
References
- ↑ National Library of Medicine. Alcoholism. Retrieved on 2007-12-06.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2007. Lancet Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "pmidpending" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Fuller RK, Branchey L, Brightwell DR, et al (1986). "Disulfiram treatment of alcoholism. A Veterans Administration cooperative study". JAMA 256 (11): 1449–55. PMID 3528541. [e]
- ↑ Anton RF, O'Malley SS, Ciraulo DA, et al (2006). "Combined pharmacotherapies and behavioral interventions for alcohol dependence: the COMBINE study: a randomized controlled trial". JAMA 295 (17): 2003–17. DOI:10.1001/jama.295.17.2003. PMID 16670409. Research Blogging.
- ↑ Krystal JH, Cramer JA, Krol WF, Kirk GF, Rosenheck RA (2001). "Naltrexone in the treatment of alcohol dependence". N. Engl. J. Med. 345 (24): 1734–9. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa011127. PMID 11742047. Research Blogging.