Arithmetic

Arithmetic is an elementary branch of mathematics in which real numbers and relations among real numbers are studied and used to solve quantitative problems in finance, engineering, geometry (mensuration), and such fields. The basic arithmetic operations are addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, raising to powers, and extraction of roots. The term is derived from the Greek word άριθμητικος (arithmètikos, an adjective meaning "related to the art of reckoning").