Web browser
A web browser is a computer program that used to access the World Wide Web. A web browser retrieves and renders webpages to display information stored on a web server. The browser sends a HTTP request to the server, which responds with the requested file. Most web pages are written in HTML, a markup language which allows inclusion of other files; the browser interprets the file and makes additional requests of the server for the additional files, then interprets and displays the results for the user.
Most browsers today are capable of displaying textin HTML, with formatting specified in CSS, images in JPEG, GIF, and PNG formats, scripts written in javascript, animations written in Macromedia's Flash language, and applets written in Java.
Popular Browsers
Internet Explorer
The most popular web browser today is Internet Explorer from Microsoft. Internet Explorer has come bundled with every version of Microsoft's Windows operating system since Windows 95, and is supplied free of charge. Microsoft created versions of Internet Explorer for the Macintosh, Solaris and HP-UX operating systems[1], but has ceased development on all three versions.[2]
Mozilla Firefox
Mozilla Firefox is the second-most popular web browser today. It is the second browser to result from the open-source Mozilla Project started by Netscape corporation to develop a new browser to succeed the Netscape Communicator suite. Versions of Mozilla Firefox are available for the Windows, Macintosh, and Linux operating systems; additionally, as the browser is open-source, volunteers have ported it to Solaris and OS/2.
Opera
The Opera web browser is a browser initially developed by Telenor of Norway. The developers formed Opera Software, and released version 2.1 publically in 1997, at version 2.1. Until 2005, Opera was sold for approximately $25 to $35, though an ad-supported version had appeared earlier for users who did not wish to pay. Since then, it has been available for free.[3] Opera had an early lead in compliance with the CSS standard, and claims to be more standards-compliant than its competitors. Versions of Opera for mobile devices are the default browsers on several mobile phones.
Konqueror/Safari
The Konqueror web browser was developed for the KDE project for Linux and Unix. Apple developed the Safari web browser for its MacOS X operating system, using the HTML and javascript rendering engines from Konqueror. Apple has contributed improvements to the Konqueror project. Safari was available only for the MacOS X operating system until 11 June 2007, when Apple released a beta version for MacOS X and Windows.
History
Tim Berners-Lee on the creation of the web
The very first web brower was named Mosaic. It was the first browser to actually show images embedded in the text, rather than in a separate window. Mosaic was developed at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) late in 1992. NCSA released the browser in 1993, but discontinued development and support on January 7, 1997.
Other browsers, current and historical
Maxthon
Mozilla
HotJava
Omniweb
Camino
Notes
- ↑ Internet Explorer for Unix. - the last version of Microsoft's IE for Unix page before the product was discontinued.
- ↑ Internet Explorer 5 for Mac. - states that IE for Mac is no longer supported, and recommends Mac users migrate to [[Safari (web browser|]]
- ↑ milestones.