Dwight D. Eisenhower

Dwight Eisenhower

General of the Army Dwight David Eisenhower ("Ike") (1890-1969) was an American soldier who fought in World War I, was a top commander in World War II, and served as the 34th president of the United States (1953-1961). During the war he first commanded Allied (British and American) troops in North Africa in 1942 and Italy 1943, then became the Supreme Commander of the forces that invaded Normandy on D-Day, June 6, 1944.

Eisenhower's political affiliations were unknown for many years and he was courted by both the Democratic and Republican parties. Eventually he declared for the Republicans and was elected to the presidency as a moderate Republican. His presidency was marked by the armistice in the Korean War, the construction of Interstate Highway System, the Eisenhower Doctrine of the Cold War, the passage of the first civil rights bill in 82 years, and moderate domestic policies known as "dynamic conservatism". Although a renowned military figure, at the end of his presidency, Eisenhower issued a famous warning to the American public about the dangers of the military-industrial complex.

Interwar years

Holland (2001) argues that Eisenhower was the best read and trained officer of his age in the Army and possesses a "terrific intellect." Far from being an unknown, his talents and work ethic attracted the attention of some of the Army's most important senior officers, who mentored Eisenhower and manipulated his career to Ike's great advantage. Indeed, he benefited from such attention more than any other officer of the era. A specialist on logistics and supply, he largely wrote the Army's "Industrial Mobilization Plan of 1930." (It was not, however, used when the war came.)

1952 Presidential campaign

Part of Eisenhower's campaign was the catchy slogan--"I Like Ike"--an animated TV commercial was produced by Roy Disney and the Citizens for Eisenhower-Nixon. , as well as on pin-on buttons.

Bibliography

=To 1945

• Ambrose, Stephen E. Eisenhower: Soldier, General of the Army, President-Elect; Eisenhower: The President; one volume edition is Eisenhower: Soldier and President (2003), standard scholarly biography
• D’Este, Carlo. Eisenhower, A Soldier’s Life (2002), 848 pages, strongest on WW2
• Eisenhower, David. Eisenhower At War 1943/45 solid biography by his grandson
• Holland, Matthew F. Eisenhower between the Wars: The Making of a General and a Statesman. (2001). 248 pp.
• Krieg, Joann P. Dwight D. Eisenhower, Soldier, President, Statesman (1987) online edition
• Murray, G. E. Patrick. Eisenhower versus Montgomery: The Continuing Debate (19960 online edition
• Pogue; Forrest C. The Supreme Command (1996) online edition
• Sixsmith, E. K.G. Eisenhower, His Life and Campaigns (1973) online edition
• Wukovits, John. Eisenhower: A Biography. (Great Generals Series.) (2006). 204 pp.

Post 1945

• Albertson, Dean. Eisenhower as President (1963) online edition
• Alexander, Charles C. Holding the Line: The Eisenhower Era, 1952-1961 (1975) online edition
• Ambrose, Stephen E. Eisenhower: Soldier, General of the Army, President-Elect; Eisenhower: The President; one volume edition is Eisenhower: Soldier and President (2003), standard scholarly biography
• Beschloss, Michael R. MAYDAY: Eisenhower, Kruschev, and the U-2 Affair
• Bischof, Gunter (Ed.) and Ambrose, Stephen E. (Eds.) Eisenhower: A Centenary Assessment
• Bowie, Robert R. and Immerman, Richard H. Waging Peace: How Eisenhower Shaped an Enduring Cold War Strategy (1998) online edition
• Boyle, Peter G. Eisenhower. (Profiles in Power Series.) (2005). 200 pp.
• Clarfield, Gerard. Security with Solvency: Dwight D. Eisenhower and the Shaping of the American Military Establishment (1999) online edition
• Damms, Richard V. The Eisenhower Presidency, 1953-1961 (2002) 161 pp.
• Divine, Robert A. Eisenhower and the Cold War (1981) online edition
• Galambos, Louis (Ed.), Eisenhower’s Legacy: The General, The President, The Public Servant
• Geelhoed, E. Bruce and Edmonds, Anthony O. Eisenhower, Macmillan, and Allied Unity, 1957-1961. (2003). 196 pp.
• Greenstein, by Fred I. The Hidden-Hand Presidency: Eisenhower as Leader (1991), highly influential study by political scientist
• Harris, Douglas B. "Dwight Eisenhower and the New Deal: The Politics of Preemption" Presidential Studies Quarterly, Vol. 27, 1997 online edition
• Harris, Seymour E. The Economics of the Political Parties, with Special Attention to Presidents Eisenhower and Kennedy (1962) online edition
• Jackson, Michael Gordon. "Beyond Brinkmanship: Eisenhower, Nuclear War Fighting, and Korea, 1953-1968," Presidential Studies Quarterly, Vol. 35, 2005 online edition
• Kengor, Paul. "Comparing Presidents Reagan and Eisenhower" Presidential Studies Quarterly, Vol. 28, 1998 online edition
• Krieg, Joann P. Dwight D. Eisenhower, Soldier, President, Statesman (1987) online edition
• Medhurst, Martin J. "Text and Context in the 1952 Presidential Campaign: Eisenhower's 'I Shall Go to Korea' Speech," Presidential Studies Quarterly, Vol. 30, 2000 online edition
• Olson, James S. Historical Dictionary of the 1950s (2000) online edition
• Pach, Chester J. and Elmo Richardson. Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower (1991), standard historical survey
• Parmet, Herbert S. Eisenhower and the American Crusades (1972) online edition, scholarly biography
• Rosenberg, Victor. Soviet-American Relations, 1953-1960: Diplomacy and Cultural Exchange during the Eisenhower Presidency. (2005). 324 pp.
• Showalter, Dennis E., ed. Forging the Shield: Eisenhower and National Security for the 21st Century. (2005). 235 pp.
• Tudda, Chris. The Truth Is Our Weapon: The Rhetorical Diplomacy of Dwight D. Eisenhower and John Foster Dulles. (2006). 224 pp.
• Wagner, Steven. Eisenhower Republicanism: Pursuing the Middle Way. (2006). 179 pp. isbn 978-0-87580-362-3.)

Primary Sources

• Eisenhower, Dwight D. Crusade In Europe (1948), war memoir
• Eisenhower, Dwight D. White House Years- Mandate for Change, 1953-1956 (1963) online edition
• Eisenhower, Dwight D. White House years- Waging Peace, 1956-1961

• Eisenhower Papers 21 volume scholarly edition; complete for 1940-61.
• Farewell speech, 1960
• The Churchill-Eisenhower Correspondence, 1953-1955 edited by Peter G. Boyle, (1990) online edition

Memoirs by aides

• Benson, Ezra Taft. Cross Fire: The Eight Years With Eisenhower (1962) by the Secretary of Agriculture online edition
• Butcher, Harry C. My Three Years With Eisenhower by wartime aide

External Links

• White House biography
• Eisenhower Memorial Commission

• List of U.S. Presidents