Europe/Timelines

The European heritage (800BC to 1647)

Ancient Greece

The Roman Empire (~756 BC to 476 AD)

The creation of the Holy Roman Empire (800 AD)

- the Pope confers the title of Emperer on Charlemagne (Charles I, King of the Franks)

The Enlightenment

The formation of nation states (1648-1948)

1648: Treaty of Westphalia

- created the Wesphalian System of European sovereign states[1].

1713: Treaty of Utrecht

1815: Congress of Vienna

- redefined the territorial map of Europe following the defeat of Napoleon;incuding the creation of the Confederation of Germany

1918: The collapse of Austro-Hungary, and the proclamation of the separate republics of Austria and Hungary.

1919: Paris Peace Conference (1919-1920)

- concluded the treaties of Versailles (with Germany), St Germain (with Austria), Trianon (with Hungary), Neuilly (with Bulgaria), Sèvres and Lausanne (with Turkey).

1945: Partition of Germany

1946: Paris Peace Conference (1946-1947)

- concluded peace treaties with Bulgaria, Finland, Hungary, Rumania and Italy.

The formation of a union of nation states (1949- )

1949: Treaty of London

- created the Council of Europe

1957: Treaty of Rome

1973: Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe

1989: Fall of the Berlin Wall

1990: German reunification

1991: Collapse of the Soviet Union

1992: Treaty of Maastricht

1994: Opening of the Channel tunnel

1997: Treaty of Amsterdam

2009: Treaty of Lisbon