Poverty and obesity

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Introduction

Poverty and obesity are very closely linked. In the USA, the highest rates of obesity occur in the poorest population groups. Poverty is associated with lower expenditure on food, and low consumption of fruit and vegetables, and energy-dense foods represent the lowest-cost option for consumers. However, the high energy density and palatability of sweets and fats are associated with higher energy intakes.

Dietary Energy Density

Influence on energy intakes

Energy dense foods result in higher energy intakes overall - list studies on this

Function of water content

The energy density of foods is determined by their water content - energy dilute foods are well hydrated whereas energy dense foods are comparably dry. Affects satiety.

Palatability of energy dense foods

Sugar and fat stimulate reward centers in brain, resulting in human taste preference. List studies on whether this is innate or acquired.