User:Milton Beychok/Sandbox2: Difference between revisions

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A '''kilogram-force''' ('''kgf''') is that [[force]] which accelerates 1 kilogram of mass to 9.80665 [[metre|m]]/[[second|s]]<sup>2</sup> [[standard gravity]] (&thinsp;'''''g<sub>n</sub>'''''&thinsp;), a standardized value representing the average magnitude of [[Acceleration due to gravity|gravitational acceleration]] on [[Earth|Earth's]] surface.<ref name=NIST-gravity/> Therefore, one kilogram-force is by definition equal to 9.80665 [[newton (unit)|newtons]].<ref name=NIST-newton/>
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The kilogram-force was not very well defined until the 3rd [[General Conference on Weights and Measures]] (Conférence Générale des Poids et Mesures, CGPM) defined '''''g<sub>n</sub>''''', the standard gravity, to be 9.80665 m/s<sup>2</sup> in 1901.<ref name=GCPM3/> Although it was once widely used, it has never been part of the [[International System of Units]] (SI) introduced in 1960 by the 11th GCPM.<ref name=GCPM11/>
 
The kilogram-force is still used to some extent in a few countries, but it is generally considered to be obsolete in most countries.
 
==Equivalent units of force==
 
1 kgf ≡ 9.80665 newton (symbol: '''N''')<br/>
1 kgf ≡ 980,665 dyne (symbol: '''dyn''')<br/>
1 kgf ≡ 1 kilopond (symnol: '''kp''')<br/>
1 kgf ≡ 9.80665×10<sup>-3</sup> sthène (sumbol: '''sn''')<br/>
1 kgf ≈ 2.20462 pound-force (symbol: '''lbf''')<br/>
1 kgf ≈ 2.20462×10<sup>-3</sup> kip (symbol: '''kip''')<br/>
1 kgf ≈ 70.93164 poundal  (pdl)
 
==References==
{{Reflist|refs=
 
<ref name=NIST-gravity>[http://physics.nist.gov/Pubs/SP330/sp330.pdf The International System of Units (SI), NIST Special Publication 330, 2008 Edition] (pdf page 57 of 77 pdf pages)</ref>
 
<ref name=NIST-newton>[http://physics.nist.gov/Pubs/SP330/sp330.pdf The International System of Units (SI), NIST Special Publication 330, 2008 Edition] (pdf page 30 of 77 pdf pages)</ref>
 
<ref name=GCPM3>[http://www.bipm.org/en/CGPM/db/3/2/ Resolution of the 3rd meeting of the CGPM (1901)]</ref>
 
<ref name=GCPM11>[http://www.bipm.org/en/CGPM/db/11/12/ Resolution 12 of the 11th meeting of the CGPM (1960)]</ref>
}}

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