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imported>John Stephenson
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=== Draft of the Week <font size=1>[ [[CZ:Article of the Week|about]] ]</font> ===
=== Draft of the Week <font size=1>[ [[CZ:Article of the Week|about]] ]</font> ===
[[Image:Roadmap large.jpg|right|thumb|150px|{{#ifexist:Template:Roadmap large.jpg/credit|{{Roadmap large.jpg/credit}}<br/>|}}"For a given level of detail, a roadmap represents (re-presents, or models) the structure of the system of roads... Systems biologists use maps, for example, to model the structure and interrelationships among biochemical molecules in cellular subsystems."]]
[[Image:Navy Grog.jpg|right|thumb|150px|{{#ifexist:Template:Navy Grog.jpg/credit|{{Navy Grog.jpg/credit}}<br/>|}}A Navy Grog with a Don the Beachcomber-type snow cone of shaved ice.]]
As an academic discipline, '''[[systems biology]]''' aims to explain, predict and control the properties, functions and behaviors of living [[system]]s &mdash; compartmented complex self-organized assemblages of interrelated components, naturally generated and naturally selected, interacting dynamically, coordinately and hierarchically, and exhibiting [[Emergence (Biology)|emergent]] properties, functions and behaviors &mdash; emergent in the sense of unique to the system-as-a-whole in comparison with those of its individuated components. Biological systems studied range from the level of the molecular subsystems of cells (e.g., mitochondrial production of versatilely usable energy; ribosomal protein synthesis; circuits of biochemical reactions regulating gene expression; cell-to-cell and within-cell signaling (communicational) pathways); to the Earth's biosphere, and include a large number of intermediate system levels (e.g., unicellular organisms, multicellular organs, multicellular organisms, ecosystems).
The '''[[Navy Grog]]''' was a popular rum-based drink served for many years at the Polynesian-themed [[Don the Beachcomber]] restaurants; it is still served in many so-called tiki restaurants and bars.  First created by Donn Beach, who almost single-handedly originated the tiki cultural fad of the 1940s and 1950s, it was one of dozens of rum concoctions that he, and later [[Trader Vic]] and numerous other imitators, sold in exotic tropical settings. Not quite as potent as the Beachcomber's more famous [[Zombie (cocktail)|Zombie]], it was, nevertheless, shown on the menu as being limited to two, or sometimes three, to a customer.
<font size=1>[[Systems biology|['''more...''']]]</font>
 
The word "grog" itself can refer to a variety of alcoholic beverages. It originally referred to a drink made with water and rum, which was introduced into the Royal Navy by British Vice Admiral Edward Vernon on August 21, 1740. Modern versions of the drink are often made with hot or boiling water, and sometimes include lemon juice, lime juice, cinnamon, or sugar to improve the taste. Rum with water, sugar, and nutmeg was known as Bumboo and was more popular with pirates and merchantmen.
<font size=1>[[Navy Grog|['''more...''']]]</font>


=== New Draft of the Week <font size=1>[ [[CZ:New Draft of the Week|about]] ]</font> ===
=== New Draft of the Week <font size=1>[ [[CZ:New Draft of the Week|about]] ]</font> ===
The '''Basic Input Output System''' ('''[[BIOS]]''') is the part of many modern [[computer]]s responsible for basic functions such as controlling the [[keyboard]] or booting up an [[operating system]]. The term dates back to the original [[IBM]] personal computer of the early 1980's.
'''[[Trinity United Church of Christ, Chicago]]''' is a predominantly [[black church]] located in south Chicago. With upwards of 10,000 members, it is the largest congregation affiliated with the [[United Church of Christ]], a predominantly white Christian denomination with roots in [[Congregationalism]], which historically stemmed from American Puritanism of the 18th century. Although the church and its longest-serving pastor, [[Jeremiah Wright]], were not widely known outside religious circles before the [[2008 United States presidential election]], Trinity has played an important role in Chicago by providing blacks with a Christian alternative to the black nationalist groups that had headquartered in the city during the [[Black history|American civil rights era]].  Trinity marks 1961 as its formal beginning.
 
<font size=1>[[Trinity United Church of Christ, Chicago|['''more...''']]]</font>
The BIOS was an [[API]], located in non-volatile memory, and thus was said to be ''[[firmware]]''.  The BIOS [[Integrated circuit|chip]] in a personal computer originally provided an information-hiding layer between the (then) Disk Operating System ([[Microsoft MS-DOS|DOS]]) and the hardware.
<font size=1>[[BIOS|['''more...''']]]</font>
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A Navy Grog with a Don the Beachcomber-type snow cone of shaved ice.

The Navy Grog was a popular rum-based drink served for many years at the Polynesian-themed Don the Beachcomber restaurants; it is still served in many so-called tiki restaurants and bars. First created by Donn Beach, who almost single-handedly originated the tiki cultural fad of the 1940s and 1950s, it was one of dozens of rum concoctions that he, and later Trader Vic and numerous other imitators, sold in exotic tropical settings. Not quite as potent as the Beachcomber's more famous Zombie, it was, nevertheless, shown on the menu as being limited to two, or sometimes three, to a customer.

The word "grog" itself can refer to a variety of alcoholic beverages. It originally referred to a drink made with water and rum, which was introduced into the Royal Navy by British Vice Admiral Edward Vernon on August 21, 1740. Modern versions of the drink are often made with hot or boiling water, and sometimes include lemon juice, lime juice, cinnamon, or sugar to improve the taste. Rum with water, sugar, and nutmeg was known as Bumboo and was more popular with pirates and merchantmen. [more...]

New Draft of the Week [ about ]

Trinity United Church of Christ, Chicago is a predominantly black church located in south Chicago. With upwards of 10,000 members, it is the largest congregation affiliated with the United Church of Christ, a predominantly white Christian denomination with roots in Congregationalism, which historically stemmed from American Puritanism of the 18th century. Although the church and its longest-serving pastor, Jeremiah Wright, were not widely known outside religious circles before the 2008 United States presidential election, Trinity has played an important role in Chicago by providing blacks with a Christian alternative to the black nationalist groups that had headquartered in the city during the American civil rights era. Trinity marks 1961 as its formal beginning. [more...]