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...bly more powerful than its predecessors which had less than ten thousand [[transistor]]s incorporated on their surfaces – the earliest Pentiums had over a

...ric motors, transformers, speed controllers, wiring codes and grounding, [[transistor]]s, digital, etc. Easy to read and understand, up to an elementary level o

...t is exposed to a luminous source and then either works like a switch or a transistor. It can therefore process information. The photo cycle of bacteriorhodopsin

...by the gate, the so-called [[field effect]]. This [[Transistor#Transistors|transistor]] was invented by Dawon Khang and Martin Atalla in 1960, at [[Bell Laborato ...at opposite sides of the gate called ''source'' and ''drain''. Because the transistor is symmetrical, they can swap their functions. They do not permit current f

...set of differential equations, and circuits containing [[Electronic switch#Transistor|transistors]] may require the engineer to solve [[transcendental equations]

..., however the same theory applies to more modern devices such as [[bipolar transistor]]s and [[MOSFET]]s. ..._X'' in the base lead of the [[hybrid-pi model]] for the bipolar transistor can be influential in determining the amplifier roll-off when these transis

...tegrated_circuit/history/|title=The History of the Integrated Circuit: The Transistor vs. the Vacuum Tube (The Nobel Foundation) Copyright © Nobel Web AB 2007 |

...it nodes; typical uses for this includes operational amplifier feedback or transistor biasing. The majority of resistors in a circuit have fixed resistance value

* {{search link|transister||ns0|ns14|ns100}} (transistor)

...ocesses and [[tool | device]]s, such as the [[Electronic switch#Transistor|transistor]], whether in [[basic research | basic]] or [[applied research]]. [[Experim

With the birth of the [[transistor]] in 1947, and the silicon transistor in 1954, the concept of ICs became a reality. The introduction of the [[pla ...peed, low-input current designs started to be made by using [[Field-effect transistor|FET]]s. These would be largely replaced by op-amps made with [[MOSFET]]s in

...nel shows the corresponding small-signal circuit obtained by replacing the transistor with its [[hybrid-pi model]]. The objective is to find the return ratio of

...ore, by the 1960s they were replaced by the [[Electronic switch#Transistor|transistor]], a new device which performed the same task as the tube but was much smal In the 1960s and 1970s, the transistor itself was gradually replaced by the [[integrated circuit]], which placed m

...d to the invention of the [[diode]] and the [[Electronic switch#Transistor|transistor]], which are indispensable for modern [[electronics]].

...nic devices used to provide gain (for example, [[vacuum tube]]s, [[Bipolar transistor]]s, [[MOSFET]]s) are [[nonlinear]]. Negative feedback is a circuit techniq

...r Medicine]] in 1963. Complex input/output relationships form the basis of transistor-based computations in computers, and are thought to figure similarly in neu

...elements used to create the CPU, such as a [[Electronic switch#Transistor|transistor's]] threshold level.</ref>

# [[Transistor]]

...r=Yannis Tsividis, Colin McAndrew |title=Operation and modeling of the MOS transistor |edition=3rd ed |year=2010 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=0195170

<td rowspan="3"> For semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect

...[MOS capacitor]], or the [[Semiconductor diode|pn-diode]] or the [[bipolar transistor]], this switching time is very fast because it is not limited by the respon

* [[John Bardeen]]: in Physics 1956, for the invention of the [[transistor]]; and Physics 1972, for the theory of [[superconductivity]]; and