Prisoner of war > Related Articles

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Contents 1 Parent topics 2 Subtopics 3 Other related topics 4 Bot-suggested topics

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Subtopics

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• 1st Cavalry Division [r]: A heavy division of the United States Army, partially deployed to Baghdad; part of III Corps at Fort Hood, Texas [e]
• Adolf Eichmann [r]: A key leader in the planning and operation of the Holocaust, who escaped Germany but was subsequently apprehended by Israeli agents in Argentina, and tried and executed by an Israeli court [e]
• Alberto Gonzales [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Anthony Taguba [r]: Involuntarily retired major general in the United States Army who, as Deputy Commanding General for Support for the United States Central Command land component command, was ordered to conduct an independent investigation of abuse allegations at Abu Ghraib prison in Iraq; delivered a highly critical report that apparently ended his career [e]
• Bagram Theater Internment Facility [r]: A facility, described by the George W. Bush administration as temporary, which has been open for seven years, where the USA holds prisoners in uncertain legal status [e]
• Battle of Dien Bien Phu [r]: Site in northern Vietnam of a 1954 decisive battle that soon forced France to relinquish control of colonial Indochina. [e]
• Binyam Ahmed Mohammad [r]: an Ethiopian who was held in secret CIA custody, and later faced charges before a Guantanamo military commission. [e]
• Bismullah v. Gates [r]: A U.S. appellate court decision that held that prisoners, in extrajudicial detention at Guantanamo Bay detention camp, had a right to have their defense attorneys review all the classified evidence in their client's dossier [e]
• Bob Woodward [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Cabanatuan [r]: A Japanese prison camp in the Phillipines, against which a successful hostage rescue operation was conducted before the prisoners could be killed [e]
• Civil law [r]: A system of law which starts with abstract rules, which judges must then apply to the various cases before them. [e]
• Combatant Status Review Tribunal [r]: An administrative hearing, held between 2004 and 2005, to determine if an individual under U.S. extrajudicial detention was an enemy combatant or entitled to prisoner of war status [e]
• Common law [r]: Ancient law of England, and in countries colonized by Britain, based upon societal customs and recognized and enforced by the judgments and decrees of the courts. [e]
• Detainee Treatment Act [r]: A 2005 Congressional act specifying explicit standards for prisoners in the custody of the U.S. military [e]
• Dick Cheney [r]: (1941–) U.S. Vice President in the George W. Bush Administration and formerly head of Halliburton; currently a political commentator [e]
• Director of Central Intelligence [r]: Formerly, the U.S. official that headed both the Central Intelligence Agency and the United States intelligence community; the responsibility is now split between the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency (currently Leon Panetta) and the Director of National Intelligence (currently Dennis Blair) [e]
• Director of the Central Intelligence Agency [r]: After the Director of National Intelligence was created to head the overall United States intelligence community, the official responsible for the remaining functions of the Central Intelligence Agency in intelligence analysis and research into intelligence methodology, clandestine human-source intelligence and some covert action [e]
• Donald Blackburn [r]: (1916 - 2008) A U.S. Army officer specializing in insurgency, counterinsurgency and special operations before they were recognized as specialties. [e]
• Egypt [r]: A country in the northeastern corner of Africa, bordering Sudan, Libya, the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea [e]
• El-Masri v. Tenet [r]: A case involving extrajudicial detention, in which the U.S. government stopped a lawsuit by a person captured due to an error in identification, by invoking the state secrets privilege; the dismissal was upheld by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and has been as a strong precedent for a wide interpretation of the privilege [e]
• Enemy combatant [r]: The term used by the George W. Bush Administration for individuals it considered ineligible for prisoner of war status rather than "unlawful combatant", the term of the Third Geneva Convention; language explicitly rejected by the Obama Administration [e]
• Enhanced interrogation techniques [r]: Coercive interrogation techniques, originally used on U.S. High Value Detainees believed to have critical information on potential terrorism, which are controversial as to whether they violated U.S. and international law [e]
• European Convention on Human Rights [r]: Convention adopted under the auspices of the Council of Europe in 1950, to protect human rights and fundamental freedoms in Europe. [e]
• Ex Parte Endo [r]: Last United States Supreme Court case about the internment of Japanese during World War II. [e]
• Ex parte Quirin [r]: A 1942 Supreme Court of the United States ruling that affirmed the right to try captured enemy personnel, who operated in civilian clothing, by a Presidentially appointed secret military tribunal [e]
• Extrajudicial detention and journalism [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Extrajudicial detention, Egypt [r]: General policies of modern Egypt for extrajudicial detention either by the Egyptian authorities directly, or where Egypt receives prisoners from third countries [e]
• Extrajudicial detention, Soviet Union [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Extrajudicial detention, U.K., Northern Ireland [r]: Formal preventive detention authority by the United Kingdom in Northern Ireland, goes back to 1922 under civil authority; military forces joined operations in 1971 [e]
• Extrajudicial detention, U.S., George W. Bush Administration [r]: Policies and practices relevant to detention in intelligence and military facilities, the latter when no prisoner of war status was granted [e]
• Extrajudicial detention, U.S. [r]: Situations where the Executive Branch of the United States government has detained individuals without the authority of the judicial branch of government; there have been many cases going back to through the early history of the nation, sometimes during overt war, and, perhaps better known at present, directed against non-national threats. [e]
• Extrajudicial detention [r]: The policy and practice of holding prisoners captive without judicial authority to do so, or without a recognized authority under international law, such capture of prisoners of war [e]
• Extraordinary rendition, Israel [r]: The capture of persons of interest to Israel, in foreign countries, without going through a process of international extradition or warfare establishing the status of prisoner of war [e]
• Extraordinary rendition [r]: A process in which a Requesting State may gain custody of a person held by another state, without going through a formal judicial process of international extradition, but not necessarily secretly or with no administrative hearing [e]
• Fear Up interrogation techniques [r]: Psychologically coercive interrogation techniques, by one or more interrogators, which mildly or significantly increase the fear of a prisoner; easy to apply but not necessarily a good means of obtaining information [e]
• Fourth Geneva Convention [r]: International agreement specifying the obligations of an Occupying Power towards civilians in an area it controls [e]
• Freedom of Information Act [r]: A piece of legislation that enables individuals and groups to demand that the government review designated information that is being withheld from public release. [e]
• Geneva Conventions Additional Protocol I [r]: An extension, primarily to the Fourth Geneva Convention, which extends prisoner of war protection to fighters, in international conflict, who do not wear distinctive insignia and may hide among civilians; it does prohibit attacks against civilians [e]
• Geneva Conventions [r]: For international law, the principal group of treaties addressing humanitarian aspects of war [e]
• Guantanamo captives' documents [r]: Descriptions of documents published about the individual Guantanamo captives. [e]
• Habeas corpus [r]: In common law, any of several types of writs requiring a person to be brought before a judge or court; esp. one designed to secure a person's release from unlawful detention. [e]
• Haji Bismullah [r]: An Afghan citizen, who, while working for a pro-US Afghan provincial government, was denounced, held in Guantanamo Bay detention camp for six years, and released in January 2009 as "no longer an enemy combatant" [e]
• Hamdan v. Rumsfeld [r]: A 2006 decision by the Supreme Court of the United States, stating that there was no basis for trying, by U.S. military commission, a person captured in combat with U.S. allies on foreign soil, and turned over to U.S. forces [e]
• Hamdi v. Rumsfeld [r]: A 2004 opinion by the Supreme Court of the United States, which held that a U.S. citizen, captured in a combat zone and alleged to be bearing arms against the United States, still was entitled to a judicial hearing to determine if he was an enemy combatant subject to military, rather than civilian, law [e]
• Harold Johnson [r]: U.S. Chief of Staff of the Army between 1964 and 1968, he was a full general who found himself increasingly at odds with the Vietnam War strategy of Lyndon Baines Johnson and William Westmoreland. He sponsored research on better approaches to counterinsurgency [e]
• High Command Case (NMT) [r]: A trial of senior professional military officers of Nazi Germany, for which some were convicted of war crimes, crimes against humanity, or both; none were judged at the policy-making level to have plotted aggressive war [e]
• Hiwa Abdul Rahman Rashul [r]: A "ghost prisoner", acknowledged held by the U.S. in 2004, whose current status and whereabouts are unknown; he was not among the CIA High Value Detainees transferred to Guantanamo Bay detention camp [e]
• Hostages Case (NMT) [r]: A trial of senior Nazi Army officers for war crimes against civilians and prisoners of war in Yugoslavia and Greece [e]
• Intelligence interrogation, U.S., George W. Bush Administration [r]: The policies and practices authorized for interrogation of suspected terrorists by the United States Department of Defense and the United States intelligence community during the George W. Bush Administration [e]
• Japanese internment [r]: United States extrajudicial detention, as potential World War II security threats, of all citizens and aliens of Japanese ancestry residing in the Pacific coastal defense zone [e]
• Jed Rakoff [r]: Judge of the U.S. District Court of Appeals for the Southern District of New York since Jan. 4, 1996. [e]
• Johnson v. Eisentrager [r]: A 1950 U.S. Supreme Court decision that nonresident enemy aliens, captured in the context of a declared war outside the jurisdiction of any U.S. civil court, were purely under the jurisdiction of military law and had no access to the U.S. judicial system [e]
• Joseph Stalin [r]: (1878 - 1953) The head of Russia's Communist ("Bolshevik") party and dictator of the Soviet Union from 1924 until his death. [e]
• Kamikaze [r]: Suicide attacks, specifically by Japanese aircraft in the Second World War, against military targets [e]
• Kansas v. Crane [r]: A 2002 decision of the Supreme Court of the United States, ruling that a person could not be adjudicated a sexual predator and put in indefinite medical confinement, purely on assessment of an emotional disorder, but such action required proof of a likelihood of uncontrollable impulse presenting a clear and present danger. [e]
• Korematsu v. United States [r]: A U.S. Supreme Court case, in which the internment of Japanese-Americans was deemed constitutional due to military necessity [e]
• Lawful combatant [r]: A person who meets the qualifications of the Geneva Conventions to be entitled to prisoner of war status [e]
• Laws of war [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Linda Greenhouse [r]: A Pullitzer Prize winning legal journalist who began covering the United States Supreme Court in 1972. [e]
• Magna Carta [r]: A 13th century charter that forms part of the British constitution and which has been classified as a document of global significance. [e]
• Military Commissions Act of 2006 [r]: U.S. law authorizing the President or Secretary of Defense to create tribunals for determining the prisoner of war status of persons captured as non-national combatants, and to try them, outside the regular judicial system, for war crimes [e]
• Military necessity [r]: In U.S. and NATO usage, the position that a belligerent has the right to apply any measures which are required to bring about the successful conclusion of a military operation and which are not forbidden by the laws of war. [e]
• Military police [r]: A branch of military service, or units of that branch, which both do routine enforcement of military law within armed forces, but also provide classic police services related to the special relations of a military force to other civilian and opposing military groups: apprehension and the handling of surrendered groups, physical security, detention facilities, etc. Other branches are often responsible for intelligence, trials and interpretation of military law, and criminal investigation [e]
• Military sociology [r]: The study of the motivations and interactions of soldiers as members of military organizations [e]
• Mohammed al-Qahtani [r]: An al-Qaeda member captured in Pakistan and prisoner at Guantanamo Bay detention camp; first Military Commission hearing rejected by convening authority Susan Crawford due to his having been tortured but held pending the presentation of new charges [e]
• Mutt and Jeff interrogation techniques [r]: Interrogation techniques using varying degrees of psychological pressure applied by a pair of interrogators, one playing a sympathetic and the other a hostile persona to the subject, alternating between entreaties and threats; often called "good cop-bad cop" [e]
• National security [r]: A broad, imprecise; sometimes useful, sometimes euphemistic and sometime politicized phrase describing the totality of necessary functions of a nation; maintaining it is the defense against all aspects of the grand strategy of adversaries [e]
• Naval Station Guantanamo Bay [r]: The overall U.S. Navy leased facility at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, which contains the Guantanamo Bay detention camp but also other unrelated military functions such as supporting naval patrols in the Caribbean [e]
• Night and Fog Decree [r]: A 1941 Nazi order calling for the extrajudicial detention, either followed by summary capital punishment or secret imprisonent in Germany, of civilians judged to be resisting German military occupation [e]
• Occupying Power [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Office for the Administrative Review of Detained Enemy Combatants [r]: In 2004 the DoD initiated annual reviews of whether they should continue to hold the Guantanamo captives or repatriate them. [e]
• Office of Legal Counsel [r]: Within the U.S. Department of Justice, the office that gives legal opinions on complex interagency and constitutional matters to the rest of the Executive Branch, including the Counsel to the President and the Attorney General [e]
• Operation Condor [r]: A secret security operation among the military governments of Argentina, Chile, Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay and Uruguay, beginning in 1975 and ending with democratization in the 1980s and 1990s; descriptions range from counterintelligence and counterterrorism to state terror [e]
• Operation IVORY COAST [r]: The code name for a 1970 mission that attempted to rescue prisoners of war at a camp in Son Tay, North Vietnam [e]
• Osama bin Laden [r]: A radical jihadist who founded, with Ayman al-Zawahiri, a group known as al-Qaeda, which is credited with a series of terrorist attacks. [e]
• Oswald Mosley [r]: British 20th century politician, founder of the British Union of Fascists. [e]
• Paraguay [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Paris Peace Talks [r]: Secret bilateral preparatory talks between the U.S. and North Vietnam, formal meetings including the Republic of Vietnam and Viet Cong, walkouts from negotiations, and return to the table after military force, resulted in a formal document signing on January 28, 1973. [e]
• Pride and Ego Down interrogation techniques [r]: Methods of interrogation that apply psychological pressure to a prisoner with a potentially overconfident prisoner, attacking his self-image rather than directly producing fear; often counterproductive but sometimes effective [e]
• Rasul v. Bush [r]: A decision of the Supreme Court of the United States, in 2004, that prisoners in military extrajudicial detention, specifically at Guantanamo Bay detention camp, had proper standing to request habeas corpus review in the Federal judicial system [e]
• Removal of comfort items interrogation techniques [r]: A mildly to moderately coercive interrogation technique, based on reward and removal of reward; it starts with discretionary comfort items such as a pillow or pleasant blanket, but can be extended to items with Third Geneva Convention protection, such as religious materials [e]
• Rumsfeld v. Padilla [r]: Decided in 2004, a Supreme Court of the United States ruling that a specific court did not have jurisdiction over the habeas corpus petition of a U.S. citizen, arrested by U.S. law enforcement on U.S. soil, but designated an enemy combatant by the President and put into military extrajudicial detention [e]
• Sharia [r]: The Muslim system of law and rule of conduct inspired by the Qu'ran, the Sunna, traditional law systems, and the Hadiths. [e]
• Slavery [r]: A social system in which people have legal rights of property ownership over others. [e]
• Son Tay raid [r]: An operation with a variety of code names, all meaning a November 1970 raid on a prisoner of war camp at Son Tay in North Vietnam; the operation was well-executed but the prisoners had been moved away some time earlier, unknown to the raiding force [e]
• Special Assistant for Counterinsurgency and Special Activities [r]: In the 1960s and 1970s, an officer who had responsibility for advising the Chairman of he Joint Chiefs of Staff on counterinsurgency and covert operations, the latter including military support to Central Intelligence Agency operations [e]
• State secrets privilege [r]: A legal doctrine, explicit in the U.S. but with comparable rules in other countries, which allows the suppression of evidence, or the blocking of a trial, if that would unavoidably cause the disclosure of information deemed critical to national security [e]
• Supreme Court of the United States [r]: The final federal court of appeals in the U.S., consisting of nine Justices. [e]
• Susan Crawford [r]: Convening authority under the Military Commissions Act of 2006 that tries non-national terrorism suspects; a retired Chief Judge of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Armed Services [e]
• Term of art [r]: A common word or phrase, as opposed to jargon, which has a precisely defined meaning in a specific context [e]
• Third Geneva Convention [r]: In international law, the primary treaty governing the status and treatment of prisoners of war [e]
• Thought reform [r]: Techniques, originally used to enforce conformity with political systems or to coerce confessions, that have been associated with ill-defined terms such as "brainwashing" and "mind control", although there is no evidence that total control, of which the subject is unaware, is possible [e]
• Treaty [r]: Agreement under international law entered into by participants in international law, namely sovereign states and international organizations. [e]
• U.S. Department of Justice [r]: The Cabinet level department headed by the Attorney General, which supervises the FBI and 58 other Agencies. [e]
• USS Achernar (AKA-53) [r]: WWII Andromeda-class attack cargo ship [e]
• United States intelligence community [r]: The United States' intelligence agencies coordinated by the Office of the Director of National Intelligence. [e]
• Vietnam, war, and the United States [r]: The interactions of the Vietnam War with United States domestic politics and public opinion, and, in turn, how domestic considerations affected the military situation [e]
• War on terror [r]: A major policy of the George W. Bush Administration, defining global terrorism, as opposed to nation-states as in the Cold War, as the focal point of national security policy [e]
• Wars of Vietnam [r]: The broad context of warfare in the modern area of Vietnam, of which the Vietnam War (1962-1975) is best known, but involves colonization, Japanese occupation, decolonization, and post-1975 but related warfare among Vietnam, Cambodia and China [e]
• War [r]: A state of violent conflict which exists between two or more independent groups, each seeking to impose its will on the other. [e]
• Washington Post [r]: A daily newspaper in Washington DC -- first publisher of the details of the Watergate scandal. [e]
• World War II, Homefront, U.S. [r]: Add brief definition or description