Ophthalmoscope

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In medicine and the physical examination, ophthalmoscopes are "devices for examining the interior of the eye, permitting the clear visualization of the structures of the eye at any depth."[1]

Ophthalmoscopes were developed by Helmholtz in 1850.[2]

The first opthalmoscopes were magnifying mirrors, placed over the examiner's eye and illuminated by an external light source. Modern opthalmoscopes contain a light source. General-purpose opthalmoscopes may be built as viewing heads that can be interchanged with otoscopes and other viewing instruments, using the same handheld power supply, which serves as the handle.

References

  1. ↑ Anonymous, (2009) Ophthalmoscope (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  2. ↑ Walker HK (1990). “The Origins of the History and Physical Examination”, Walker HK, Hall WD, Hurst JW: Clinical methods: the history, physical, and laboratory examinations, 3rd. London: Butterworths. ISBN 0-409-90077-X. 
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