Euler pseudoprime

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A composite number n is called an Euler pseudoprime to a natural base a if \scriptstyle a^{\frac {n-1}{2}} \equiv 1 \pmod n or \scriptstyle a^{\frac {n-1}{2}} \equiv \left( -1\right) \pmod n

Properties

\left( a^{\frac{n-1}{2}}\right)^2 = a^{n-1}
and
1^2 = \left( -1\right) ^2 = 1\

Absolute Euler pseudoprime

An absolute Euler pseudoprime is a composite number c that satisfies the congruence \scriptstyle a^{\frac{c-1}{2}} \equiv 1 \pmod c or \scriptstyle a^{\frac {n-1}{2}} \equiv \left( -1\right) \pmod n for every base a that is coprime to c. Every absolute Euler pseudoprime is also a Carmichael number.

Further reading

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