Director of Central Intelligence/Related Articles

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Subtopics

• Roscoe Hillenkoetter [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Walter Bedell Smith [r]: General in the United States Army, who was chief of staff to Dwight D. Eisenhower as the allied commander of the European Theater of Operations in the Second World War. After the war, he served as Ambassador to the Soviet Union, Director of Central Intelligence and Undersecretary of State. ^[e]
• Allen Dulles [r]: U.S. intelligence official, with senior roles in the Office of Strategic Services, and serveed as Director of Central Intelligence from 1952 to 1961. ^[e]
• John McCone [r]: Add brief definition or description
• William Raborn [r]: Vice admiral, United States Navy, whose career was marked by great success in creating the UGM-27 Polaris submarine-launched ballistic missile, and an embarrassing assignment as Director of Central Intelligence, for which he had no background ^[e]
• Richard Helms [r]: The first U.S. career intelligence officer to become Director of Central Intelligence (1966-1973); also the only former Director ever convicted of a crime (arguably a technical one) directly related to his official duties ^[e]
• James Schlesinger [r]: Counselor at the Center for Strategic and International Studies; Member, International Security Advisory Board, United States Department of State; Chairman, advisory council, The National Interest; U.S. Secretary of Defense, U.S. Secretary of Energy and Director of Central Intelligence in the Ford Administration ^[e]
• William Colby [r]: A U.S. intelligence and special operations officer eventually becoming Director of Central Intelligence (1973-1976). ^[e]
• George H. W. Bush [r]: (1924–) 41st U.S. President (Republican), elected in 1988 and serving one term; Director of Central Intelligence; U.S. Ambassador to China; youngest naval aviator in WWII ^[e]
• Stansfield Turner [r]: Admiral, United States Navy, retired, Director of Central Intelligence, 1977-1981; Diplomats and Military Commanders for Change (2004) ^[e]
• William Casey [r]: Director of Central Intelligence during the Reagan Administration and leader of Iran-Contra Affair; attorney; in the World War II Office of Strategic Services, head of U.S. espionage operations into Nazi Germany ^[e]
• William Webster [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Robert Gates [r]: U.S. Secretary of Defense in the Obama and George W. Bush Administrations; Member, Iraq Study Group; former Director of Central Intelligence ^[e]
• R. James Woolsey [r]: Annenberg Distinguished Visiting Fellow at the Hoover Institution; Director, Atlantic Council; Member, International Security Advisory Board, United States Department of State; Board of Advisors, Family Security Matters; Former Director of Central Intelligence, Bill Clinton Administration; Advisor, Jewish Institute for National Security Affairs; advisory board, American Congress for Truth; board of advisers, American Foreign Policy Council; Board, Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments; spouse of Suzanne Woolsey ^[e]
• John Deutch [r]: A physical chemist, currently Institute Professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Distinguished Fellow at the Brookings Institution; Aspen Strategy Group, Aspen Institute; past Director of Central Intelligence and U.S. Secretary of Defense ^[e]
• George Tenet [r]: Director of Central Intelligence from July 1997 to July 2004, heading the United States intelligence community and the Central Intelligence Agency ^[e]
• Porter Goss [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Michael Hayden [r]: Principal, Chertoff Group; General, U.S. Air Force, retired; Director of the Central Intelligence Agency (2008-2009); First Principal Deputy Director of National Intelligence (2005 – 2008); Director, National Security Agency (1999–2005) ^[e]

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• Abu Zubaydah [r]: The first High Value Detainee captured by the United States; believed to be a senior al-Qaeda logistics and travel facilitator, and possibly a counterintelligence officer ^[e]
• Ahmed Chalabi [r]: An Iraqi politician, who spent much of his time in exile or in Kurdistan, who has declining influence in the current situation but is still regarded as well-connected ^[e]
• Allen Dulles [r]: U.S. intelligence official, with senior roles in the Office of Strategic Services, and serveed as Director of Central Intelligence from 1952 to 1961. ^[e]
• Ambassador [r]: An individual of the highest diplomatic rank, most commonly the representative of the head of state of his or her government to the head of state of the country to which the ambassador is accredited. ^[e]
• American Congress for Truth [r]: An influence group strongly opposed to all aspects of militant Islam ^[e]
• American Foreign Policy Council [r]: A non-profit organization intended to inform world leaders, of or interacting with the United States, of democracy promotion and market economy development; original focus was on the former Soviet Union ^[e]
• Army National Guard (United States) [r]: Along with the active-duty regular Army and the United States Army Reserve, the third leg of the total forces of the United States Army ^[e]
• Art Lundahl [r]: (1915 – 22 June 1992) American aerial-photography expert whose detection of missile installations in Cuba in 1962 led to the Cuban missile crisis, and who founded the Central Intelligence Agency's National Photographic Interpretation Center. ^[e]
• Ayman al-Zawahiri [r]: Generally considered the #2 leader of al-Qaeda, an Egyptian physician who was mentored, in a faction of the Muslim Brotherhood, by Sayyid Qutb ^[e]
• Ballistic missile submarine [r]: A submarine armed with submarine-launched ballistic missiles ^[e]
• Bob Woodward [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Brookings Institution [r]: Generally considered neutral in its overall output, a large think tank in Washington, D.C. ^[e]
• CIA activities in Asia-Pacific [r]: This is a regional-level subpage dealing with CIA intelligence and operations pertaining to the Asia-Pacific area. Large topics may be in subordinate pages. ^[e]
• CIA activities in Europe and Russia [r]: Add brief definition or description
• CIA activities in Guatemala [r]: Activities of the United States intelligence community concerned with Guatemala, as well as international law enforcement intelligence ^[e]
• CIA activities in Iran [r]: Add brief definition or description
• CIA activities in Nicaragua [r]: Add brief definition or description
• CIA activities in Vietnam [r]: Add brief definition or description
• CIA influence on public opinion [r]: Add brief definition or description
• CIA transnational human rights activities [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Cambodia [r]: A country of Southeast Asia, on the Gulf of Thailand, sharing borders with Thailand, Vietnam, and Laos ^[e]
• Center for Strategic and International Studies [r]: A bipartisan U.S. think tank that does research and policy recommendations in international affairs, headquartered in Washington, D.C. ^[e]
• Central Intelligence Agency [r]: The principal civilian intelligence organization of the United States, specializing in all-source intelligence analysis, clandestine human-source intelligence, and covert action. ^[e]
• Chemical weapon [r]: A weapon that cause death or disease by means of chemical interaction with the metabolism of the victim, as opposed to causing injury through blast, thermal, or other effects not on a molecular level ^[e]
• Clandestine human-source intelligence and covert action [r]: Intelligence and military special operations functions that either should be completely secret (i.e., clandestine: the existence of which is not known outside the relevant government circles), or simply cannot be linked to the sponsor (i.e., covert: it is known that sabotage is taking place, but its sponsor is unknown). ^[e]
• Clandestine human-source intelligence [r]: clandestine operations by people who secretly collect intelligence, and their support by couriers, forgers, radio operators, and other operational personnel. ^[e]
• Cofer Black [r]: Central Intelligence Agency officer who headed the Counterterrorism Center before the 9-11 attack, reporting directly to Jim Pavitt under George Tenet ^[e]
• Cold War [r]: Geostrategic, economic and ideological struggle from about 1947 to 1991 between the Soviet Union and the United States and their allies. ^[e]
• Columbia University [r]: Ivy League college in New York City founded in 1754. ^[e]
• Commission on the Intelligence Capabilities of the United States Regarding Weapons of Mass Destruction [r]: A bipartisan commission that, after the failure to find weapons of mass destruction after the Iraq War, conducted a broad assessment of the capabilities and deficiencies of the United States intelligence community to detect future threats, and made recommendations for improvement ^[e]
• Committee on the Present Danger [r]: An interest group that has been formed periodically to draw attention to a threat to the United States ^[e]
• Counterterrorism Center [r]: A Central Intelligence Agency organization, unusual for the days before the 9-11 attack in that it mixed personnel from the operations and analytical directorates, as well from the Federal Bureau of Investigation. Headed by Cofer Black; replaced by the National Counterterrorism Center (NCTC) in the Office of the Director of National Intelligence ^[e]
• Covert action [r]: Any of a range of activities, intended to affect the behavior of a target nation or non-national actor, where the fact of the action is known, but the responsibility for the action cannot be proven. ^[e]
• Cuban Missile Crisis [r]: Probably the closest the U.S. and Soviet Union came to nuclear war, a confrontation, in October 1962, when Soviet missiles were discovered in Cuba, and eventually removed through a naval show of force and diplomatic maneuvering ^[e]
• DBANABASIS [r]: The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) code for covert operations to destabilize the government of Saddam Hussein before the Iraq War ^[e]
• David Halberstam [r]: Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist and author, who was especially controversial for his coverage of the Vietnam War, where some thought he was providing critical investigation for the public, while others believed he was undermining the war effort ^[e]
• Defense Intelligence Agency [r]: One of the members of the United States intelligence community, charged with providing national-level analysis specifically relevant for military needs, and being the focal point for measurement and signature intelligence ^[e]
• Diplomats and Military Commanders for Change [r]: A group of civilian and military U.S. officials critical of the foreign policy of the George W. Bush Administration at the time of the 2004 election, before the Iraq War, Surge ^[e]
• Director of National Intelligence [r]: The professional head of the United States Intelligence Community, reporting to the President, with Dennis Blair being replaced by James Clapper ^[e]
• Director of the Central Intelligence Agency [r]: After the Director of National Intelligence was created to head the overall United States intelligence community, the official responsible for the remaining functions of the Central Intelligence Agency in intelligence analysis and research into intelligence methodology, clandestine human-source intelligence and some covert action ^[e]
• Donald Rumsfeld [r]: U.S. Secretary of Defense in the George W. Bush Administration (2001-2008); was the oldest secretary and earlier the youngest secretary in the Administration (1975-1977); major policymaker after the 9-11 attack; advisor, Project for the New American Century ^[e]
• Douglas Feith [r]: An American strategic analyst, associated with neoconservatism, who held posts including Under Secretary of Defense for Policy in 2001-2005, when he advised Donald Rumsfeld on the Iraq War; fellow of the Hudson Institute ^[e]
• Dwight D. Eisenhower [r]: (1890-1969) A career soldier who was the top Allied commander in Europe in World War II, and who later served as the 34th president of the United States (1953-1961). ^[e]
• Edward Lansdale [r]: A U.S. Air Force general on assignment to the CIA, key counterinsurgency advisor to Philippine President Ramon Magsaysay, involved in French Indochina and South Vietnam 1954-1960, although lost influence in U.S. policymaking through bureaucratic infighting ^[e]
• El-Masri v. Tenet [r]: A case involving extrajudicial detention, in which the U.S. government stopped a lawsuit by a person captured due to an error in identification, by invoking the state secrets privilege; the dismissal was upheld by the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and has been as a strong precedent for a wide interpretation of the privilege ^[e]
• Elbridge Durbrow [r]: (1904-1997) United States Ambassador to the Republic of Vietnam (1957 - 1961), career diplomat and Foreign Service Officer. ^[e]
• Extrajudicial detention, U.S., George W. Bush Administration [r]: Policies and practices relevant to detention in intelligence and military facilities, the latter when no prisoner of war status was granted ^[e]
• Extrajudicial detention, U.S. [r]: Situations where the Executive Branch of the United States government has detained individuals without the authority of the judicial branch of government; there have been many cases going back to through the early history of the nation, sometimes during overt war, and, perhaps better known at present, directed against non-national threats. ^[e]
• Fall of South Vietnam [r]: The result of a series of conventional military actions by the People's Army of Viet Nam, under the direction of the Politburo of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam, which led to the dissolution of the Republic of Vietnam and the reunification of North and South Vietnam into the Socialist Republic of Vietnam ^[e]
• Federal Emergency Management Agency [r]: Under the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, the lead operating agency for emergency response to disasters, accidents and attacks affecting the civilian population ^[e]
• George Tenet [r]: Director of Central Intelligence from July 1997 to July 2004, heading the United States intelligence community and the Central Intelligence Agency ^[e]
• Gulf War [r]: The conflict started by the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait in 1990, and ended with the liberation of Kuwait and major damage to Iraqi forces, by a US-led UN coalition in 1991. ^[e]
• Hiwa Abdul Rahman Rashul [r]: A "ghost prisoner", acknowledged held by the U.S. in 2004, whose current status and whereabouts are unknown; he was not among the CIA High Value Detainees transferred to Guantanamo Bay detention camp ^[e]
• Hoover Institution [r]: A long-established think tank at Stanford University, of generally American conservative ideology and respected academic quality; founded by President Herbert Hoover ^[e]
• Ibn Sheikh al-Libi [r]: A Libyan member of al-Qaeda whose interrogation results, later recanted, were a large part of the U.S. justfication for starting the Iraq War because Iraq had weapons of mass destruction; he was in various CIA programs of extraordinary rendition and interrogation ^[e]
• Indochinese revolution [r]: The period, within the Wars of Vietnam, 1858-1987, between which France reasserted its colonial authority over Indochina in 1945, created a proto-state of Vietnam under a provisional government during which there was increasing insurgency, fought conventionally combat with the Viet Minh starting in 1950, and ended in 1954. The end, militarily, involved the defeat of French forces at Dien Bien Phu and. politically, with the creation of North Vietnam and South Vietnam by the Geneva accords ^[e]
• Intelligence interrogation, U.S., George W. Bush Administration [r]: The policies and practices authorized for interrogation of suspected terrorists by the United States Department of Defense and the United States intelligence community during the George W. Bush Administration ^[e]
• Intelligence interrogation, U.S. [r]: Policies, techniques and practices of United States interrogation in a national intelligence-gathering context. (See Intelligence interrogation, U.S., George W. Bush Administration for recent detailed discussions) ^[e]
• Iraq War [r]: Invasion of Iraq by a coalition of countries, led by the United States, in 2003, and subsequent occupation ^[e]
• James Pavitt [r]: Principal, Scowcroft Group; Deputy Director of Operations of the Central Intelligence Agency under George Tenet, before the 9-11 attack and during the early Afghanistan War (2001-) ^[e]
• James Schlesinger [r]: Counselor at the Center for Strategic and International Studies; Member, International Security Advisory Board, United States Department of State; Chairman, advisory council, The National Interest; U.S. Secretary of Defense, U.S. Secretary of Energy and Director of Central Intelligence in the Ford Administration ^[e]
• Jami Miscik [r]: Vice-Chairman of Kissinger Associates; member of the board of Council on Foreign Relations; previously, Global Head of Sovereign Risk at Lehman Brothers; Central Intelligence Agency Deputy Director for Intelligence from 2002 to 2005; Director for Intelligence Programs at the National Security Council during the Clinton Administration from 1995 to 1996 ^[e]
• Jewish Institute for National Security Affairs [r]: An organization dedicated to advancing the strategic relationship between the US and Israel, with military exchanges, education and research ^[e]
• John Deutch [r]: A physical chemist, currently Institute Professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Distinguished Fellow at the Brookings Institution; Aspen Strategy Group, Aspen Institute; past Director of Central Intelligence and U.S. Secretary of Defense ^[e]
• John Foster Dulles [r]: U.S. Secretary of State during most of the Eisenhower administration; adamant about containment of, rather than compromise with, Communists. Allen Dulles was his brother and Director of Central Intelligence ^[e]
• John Paul Vann [r]: Influential field operator in the Vietnam War, first as a United States Army advisor and lieutenant colonel, who later worked for the Agency for International Development in a role with the authority of a major general ^[e]
• Joint warfare in South Vietnam 1964-1968 [r]: The period of the Vietnam War in which large numbers of foreign ground troops, primarily but not exclusively U.S., allied with the Army of the Republic of Viet Nam against the People's Army of Viet Nam and the Viet Cong ^[e]
• Lucien Conein [r]: (1919-1998), a U.S. clandestine operations officer working both for the Office of Strategic Services and the Central Intelligence Agency; he was the direct contact to the 1963 coup against Ngo Dinh Diem. ^[e]
• Massachusetts Institute of Technology [r]: A private research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts with a strong emphasis on scientific and technological research. ^[e]
• McGeorge Bundy [r]: Harvard University professor and dean who became Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs in the John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson Administrations between 1961-1966. ^[e]
• Michael Hayden [r]: Principal, Chertoff Group; General, U.S. Air Force, retired; Director of the Central Intelligence Agency (2008-2009); First Principal Deputy Director of National Intelligence (2005 – 2008); Director, National Security Agency (1999–2005) ^[e]
• Michael Scheuer [r]: Former head of the Osama bin Laden/al-Qaeda unit in the Counterterrorism Center of the Central Intelligence Agency; critical of U.S. policies but with insightful analysis on what he sees as a complex enemy; contributor to AntiWar.com ^[e]
• National Interest (magazine) [r]: An online and quarterly print publication on international affairs, broadly from the perspective of neoconservatism ^[e]
• National Security Act of 1947 [r]: Core of legislation that restructured the U.S. military from its traditional structure of a separate Army and Navy, creating the United States Air Force, the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the Central Intelligence Agency, and the predecessor to the U.S. Department of Defense ^[e]
• National Security Council [r]: Both the senior foreign policy committee of principal officers of the executive branch of the United States of America, chaired by the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs, and, by extension, the professional staff reporting to the Assistant ^[e]
• OCLC [r]: A nonprofit, membership, computer library service and research organization, founded in 1967 as the Ohio College Library Center. ^[e]
• Office of Special Plans [r]: A small office, formerly in the U.S. Department of Defense, created by Douglas Feith, under general supervision of William Luti and directly headed by Abram Shulsky, which took unprocessed intelligence and bypassed independent analysis, to present evidence supporting policy positions; this was a conscious "top-down" methodology contrasting to the traditional "bottom-up" of intelligence analysis ^[e]
• Office of Strategic Services [r]: The United States' first unified agency for clandestine intelligence collection, all-source intelligence analysis and covert action ^[e]
• Osama bin Laden [r]: Radical jihadist who, with Ayman al-Zawahiri, founded a group known as al-Qaeda, which is credited with a series of terrorist attacks. ^[e]
• Pacification in South Vietnam [r]: Sometimes called the "other war" in the Vietnam War, involving counterinsurgency and local development ^[e]
• Paul Wolfowitz [r]: An American political scientist and policy-level foreign affairs official, of a neoconservative ideology; resident American Enterprise Institute and on International Security Advisory Board; Deputy Secretary of Defense in the George W. Bush Administration; advisor, Project for the New American Century ^[e]
• Presidential Decision Directive 39 [r]: A 1995 Clinton Administration order on U.S. counterterrorism policy ^[e]
• Private (military rank) [r]: The lowest rank in most Armies of the world ^[e]
• R. James Woolsey [r]: Annenberg Distinguished Visiting Fellow at the Hoover Institution; Director, Atlantic Council; Member, International Security Advisory Board, United States Department of State; Board of Advisors, Family Security Matters; Former Director of Central Intelligence, Bill Clinton Administration; Advisor, Jewish Institute for National Security Affairs; advisory board, American Congress for Truth; board of advisers, American Foreign Policy Council; Board, Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments; spouse of Suzanne Woolsey ^[e]
• Raytheon [r]: A large US technology company, much of whose market is military, but also provides products, especially electronics, to the civilian sector ^[e]
• Reagan Doctrine [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Rear admiral [r]: The lowest or next-to-lowest military rank of admiral in Naval service ^[e]
• Reginald Victor Jones [r]: The first qualified scientist in the U.K. Secret Intelligence Service, he both pioneered intelligence doctrine, and played a vital Second World War in countering German attacks ^[e]
• Republic of Vietnam [r]: The Republic of Vietnam (RVN) (1954-1975; commonly called South Vietnam (SVN)) is the political entity created by the Geneva Accords of 1954 that partitioned French Indochina. The Republic of Vietnam ended in 1975 at the end of the Vietnam War. ^[e]
• Richard Clarke [r]: Career U.S. defense official who served in policy posts in the Ronald Reagan,George H. W. Bush, Bill Clinton and George W. Bush Administrations, specializing in counterterrorism in the latter two ^[e]
• Richard Helms [r]: The first U.S. career intelligence officer to become Director of Central Intelligence (1966-1973); also the only former Director ever convicted of a crime (arguably a technical one) directly related to his official duties ^[e]
• Robert M. Gates [r]: The 22nd, and current, Secretary of Defense of the United States. ^[e]
• Saddam Hussein [r]: (1937–2006) Deposed and executed ruler of Iraq. ^[e]
• Scorpions (Iraq War) [r]: One of several Central Intelligence Agency teams intended to destabilize Saddam Hussein before the Iraq War; ineffective before the war, and involved in the death of a prisoner in interrogation after the active combat phase ^[e]
• South Vietnamese Buddhist crisis and coup of 1963 [r]: Events, in South Vietnam, beginning with Buddhist protests and suppression in May 1963, and culminating with the overthrow and killing of President Ngo Dinh Diem in October ^[e]
• Soviet support for Iran during the Iran-Iraq War [r]: Soviet efforts to maintain a positive relationship during and after the Iran-Iraq War; they regarded Iran as more strategically important than Iraq ^[e]
• Special Assistant for Counterinsurgency and Special Activities [r]: In the 1960s and 1970s, an officer who had responsibility for advising the Chairman of he Joint Chiefs of Staff on counterinsurgency and covert operations, the latter including military support to Central Intelligence Agency operations ^[e]
• Special operations [r]: Military or paramilitary operations that differ from conventional operations in degree of physical and political risk, operational techniques, mode of employment, independence from friendly support, and dependence on detailed operational intelligence and indigenous assets; they are often controlled at a national or strategic level of command ^[e]
• Stansfield Turner [r]: Admiral, United States Navy, retired, Director of Central Intelligence, 1977-1981; Diplomats and Military Commanders for Change (2004) ^[e]
• State secrets privilege [r]: A legal doctrine, explicit in the U.S. but with comparable rules in other countries, which allows the suppression of evidence, or the blocking of a trial, if that would unavoidably cause the disclosure of information deemed critical to national security ^[e]
• Strategic Hamlet Program [r]: A program for rural security and counterinsurgency, under the South Vietnamese government of Ngo Dinh Diem and directed by his brother and advisor Ngo Dinh Nhu; its success or failure was considered a metric for the Diem government ^[e]
• Terrorism and U.S. Intelligence [r]: Activities of the U.S. government to identify potential sources for the tactical use of terrorism, related to but distinct from intelligence on political insurgencies that may or may not use that tactic ^[e]
• Tet Offensive [r]: A Communist offensive in the Vietnam War, possibly part of a larger strategy, in early 1968. The attackers suffered massive casualties and held no ground, but they achieved the turning of U.S. political opinion against continuing large-scale involvement in the war. ^[e]
• The Israel Lobby and U.S. Foreign Policy [r]: A controversial book by two American academics, suggesting that the relationship between the United States and Israel is dysfunctional, but affected by a loose but politically powerful set of interest groups in both countries ^[e]
• The Two Vietnams after Geneva [r]: The period following the 1954 Geneva meeting that partitioned Vietnam into North and South. ^[e]
• U-2 Dragon Lady [r]: A high-altitude reconnaissance aircraft that remains a key U.S. intelligence collection platform. ^[e]
• U.S. Committee for a Free Lebanon [r]: A U.S. lobby in favor of multi-ethnic solutions to the government of Lebanon ^[e]
• U.S. Department of Justice [r]: The Cabinet level department headed by the Attorney General, which supervises the FBI and 58 other Agencies. ^[e]
• U.S. Department of State [r]: Agency of the executive branch of the U.S. government responsible for foreign policy and the conduct of American diplomacy. ^[e]
• U.S. Intelligence and terrorism from 2000 [r]: Add brief definition or description
• U.S. Intelligence and terrorism in the 1980s [r]: Tracking and actions against terrorism by the United States intelligence community in the 1980s ^[e]
• U.S. Intelligence and terrorism in the 1990s [r]: Tracking and actions against terrorism by the United States intelligence community in the 1990s ^[e]
• U.S. Republican Party [r]: One of two major contemporary political parties in the United States; center-right; the elephant is its symbol. ^[e]
• U.S. intelligence activities in Africa [r]: Activities of the United States intelligence community in Africa ^[e]
• U.S. intelligence activities in the Americas [r]: Activities by the United States intelligence community in the Western Hemisphere, including but not limited to that of the Central Intelligence Agency; there are major drug enforcement programs, shared military projects, and the Federal Bureau of Investigation had jurisdiction in WWII ^[e]
• U.S. intelligence and global health [r]: Analysis by the United States intelligence community, in conjunction with more general health organizations, relating to issues of human survival from health-related issues ^[e]
• U.S. intelligence and transnational counterproliferation activities [r]: An overview over activities of the United States intelligence community, specifically dealing with arms control, weapons of mass destruction and weapons counterproliferation. ^[e]
• U.S. intelligence and transnational crime and drugs [r]: Activities of the United States intelligence community that are concerned with transnational crime and the drug trade, beyond the jurisdiction of domestic law enforcement ^[e]
• U.S. intelligence involvement with World War II Japanese war criminals [r]: Actions by intelligence agencies, primarily in the U.S. Army, where Japanese strongly suspected of war crimes were not prosecuted in exchange for information, such as details of the biological weapons program ^[e]
• U.S. support to South Vietnam before Gulf of Tonkin [r]: A period of overt advisory and combat support by the U.S. to South Vietnam, from roughly 1962 to mid-1964 ^[e]
• UGM-27 Polaris [r]: The first operational submarine-launched ballistic missile, of medium to intermediate range ^[e]
• United States Mission to the Republic of Vietnam [r]: The combination of all U.S. official organizations in Vietnam; during the Vietnam War, it included the military, as opposed to the separate chains of command in Iraq and Afghanistan ^[e]
• United States Secretary of Defense [r]: The civilian official with authority over all personnel of the United States Department of Defense, currently Robert Gates ^[e]
• United States Secretary of State [r]: The senior cabinet officer of the United States, responsible for the conduct of diplomacy, currently Hillary Clinton ^[e]
• United States Strategic Command [r]: The U.S. unified headquarters for the missions of worldwide nuclear and conventional precision strike; command, control, communications, intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance in support of strategic operations; global network operations of the Global Information Grid, information operations, ballistic missile defense, and reduction of Weapons of Mass Destruction threats ^[e]
• United States cabinet [r]: The most senior committee of the executive branch of the United States government. ^[e]
• United States intelligence community [r]: The United States' intelligence agencies coordinated by the Office of the Director of National Intelligence. ^[e]
• Vice admiral [r]: Usually the second-highest military rank of admiral in Naval service, often called "three-star", equivalent to ground/air force lieutenant general ^[e]
• Viet Minh [r]: A short name for the Communist-dominated national revolutionary movement that overthrew the colonial government of French Indochina ^[e]
• Vietnam War [r]: A post-colonial independence/Cold War conflict between communist North Vietnam against South Vietnam, assisted by the United States (1955-1975), to unify Vietnam; won by North Vietnam in 1975. ^[e]
• Walter Bedell Smith [r]: General in the United States Army, who was chief of staff to Dwight D. Eisenhower as the allied commander of the European Theater of Operations in the Second World War. After the war, he served as Ambassador to the Soviet Union, Director of Central Intelligence and Undersecretary of State. ^[e]
• Wars of Vietnam [r]: The broad context of warfare in the modern area of Vietnam, of which the Vietnam War (1962-1975) is best known, but involves colonization, Japanese occupation, decolonization, and post-1975 but related warfare among Vietnam, Cambodia and China ^[e]
• Washington Institute for Near East Policy [r]: A think tank on the Middle East, founded with American Israel Public Affairs Committee sponsorship, although considered reasonably objective until the neoconservative push toward U.S. military intervention; still remained more fact-oriented than some more ideologically based groups ^[e]
• Washington Post [r]: A daily newspaper in Washington DC -- first publisher of the details of the Watergate scandal. ^[e]
• Weapons of mass destruction [r]: Weapons that cause death or injury not primarily through kinetic energy of projectiles or the detonation of conventional explosives, but rather produce large-scale effects greater than possible with the same weight of explosives weapons; by means heat, blast and radiation from nuclear weapon; poisoning by chemical weapon; infectious disease by biological weapons; or acute or chronic radiation syndromes from radiological weapons. ^[e]
• William Colby [r]: A U.S. intelligence and special operations officer eventually becoming Director of Central Intelligence (1973-1976). ^[e]
• William Raborn [r]: Vice admiral, United States Navy, whose career was marked by great success in creating the UGM-27 Polaris submarine-launched ballistic missile, and an embarrassing assignment as Director of Central Intelligence, for which he had no background ^[e]