See something needing your input? Click here to Join us in providing quality, expert-guided information to the public for free! Wednesday, November 14: November 2012 Monthly Donor Day. - Donate here - Monthly Donor Honor Roll |
Des Moines-class
From Citizendium, the Citizens' Compendium
Three heavy cruisers formed the Des Moines-class of the U.S. Navy: USS Des Moines (CA-134), USS Salem (CA-139), and USS Newport News (CA-148). They were larger (17,000 tons) than the Baltimores. The first heavy cruisers commissioned after the Second World War, they were modified from the Boston-class. All, at one time or another, were flagship of the United States Sixth Fleet, although admirals probably preferred to be on the Newport News and Salem, which were air conditioned. The namesake of the class, Des Moines (CA 134), was not.
.jpg)
Discussions of postwar cruisers tend to focus on the conversions to guided missile cruisers and new-construction guided missile cruisers, and ignore the last of these gun cruisers. The Soviet Union did build a larger number of postwar Sverdlovsk-class light cruisers.
Since this class had a far higher rate of fire than earlier heavy cruisers, they provided exceptional naval gunfire support to ground troops. Still, the role of the heavy cruiser, in an era when the roar of surface gunfire actions disappeared into the echoes of history after the Battle of Surigao Strait, when aircraft had taken over the scouting role, and when guided missiles were clearly important but little understood, was unclear.
This class had a new, and highly regarded, type of semi-automatic 8-inch/203mm gun. Only Newport News (CA 148), commissioned in January 1949, used her big guns extensively, in the Vietnam War. [1] USS Newport News was one of the few ships, along with destroyers, to be in an extended exchange with North Vietnamese shore batteries.[2] Its rate of fire meant that in some scenarios, it could deliver more explosive to an area than the 16"-50 caliber Mark 7 guns of battleships of the Iowa-class, and its better circular error probability let gunfire support be used much closer to friendly troops.
Only the Salem is still in existence, as a museum ship, moored in Quincy, Massachusetts. [3]
References
- ↑ CA-134 Des Moines
- ↑ Thunder goes to War
- ↑ USS Salem (CA-139), the world's only preserved heavy cruiser, United States Naval Shipbuilding Museum
