Ankle brachial index
From Citizendium, the Citizens' Compendium
In medicine and the physical examination, the ankle brachial index is the "comparison of the blood pressure between the brachial artery and the posterior tibial artery. it is a predictor of peripheral arterial disease."[1]
Contents |
Method
The blood pressure at the posterior tibial artery can be measured by Doppler ultrasonography[2], palpation[3], or auscultation.[4]
Role in health care
Diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease
| Study | Patients | Test | Outcome | Results | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sensitivity | Specificity | ||||
| Carmo, 2009[4] Cross-sectional study | 81 consecutive patients referred for arterograms of any region. • 17% had peripheral arterial disease | ABI by auscultation | Doppler ABI < 0.9 | 71% | 91% |
| Migliacci, 2008[3] Cross-sectional study | 205 patients from 24 primary care physicians. Subjects has at least one major cardiovascular risk factor. • 4% had peripheral arterial disease | ABI by palpation | Doppler ABI < 0.9 | 88% | 82% |
| Khan, 2006[2] Systematic review | ABI by Doppler ultrasonography | Angiography | 95% | > 95% | |
Prediction vascular disease and mortality
A meta-analysis concluded that "measurement of the ABI may improve the accuracy of cardiovascular risk prediction beyond the FRS (Framingham risk score)".[5]
References
- ↑ Anonymous, (2009) Ankle brachial index (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Khan NA, Rahim SA, Anand SS, Simel DL, Panju A (February 2006). Does the clinical examination predict lower extremity peripheral arterial disease?. JAMA 295 (5): 536–46. DOI:10.1001/jama.295.5.536. PMID 16449619.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Migliacci R, Nasorri R, Ricciarini P, Gresele P (August 2008). Ankle-brachial index measured by palpation for the diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease. Fam Pract 25 (4): 228–32. DOI:10.1093/fampra/cmn035. PMID 18567610.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Carmo GA, Mandil A, Nascimento BR, et al (February 2009). Can we measure the ankle-brachial index using only a stethoscope? A pilot study. Fam Pract 26 (1): 22–6. DOI:10.1093/fampra/cmn086. PMID 19022870.
- ↑ Fowkes FG, Murray GD, Butcher I, et al (July 2008). Ankle brachial index combined with Framingham Risk Score to predict cardiovascular events and mortality: a meta-analysis. JAMA 300 (2): 197–208. DOI:10.1001/jama.300.2.197. PMID 18612117.
