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  • Some other inputs come from the brainstem, including from some of the noradrenergic neurons of the [[nucleus of the s ...s. Other afferent neurotransmitters include noradrenaline (from the caudal brainstem), [[dopamine]], [[serotonin]], [[histamine]] and [[acetylcholine]].
    14 KB (1,974 words) - 15:49, 13 April 2019
  • ...ed with many parts of the [[central nervous system]], including the caudal brainstem, the limbic forebrain and the [[olfactory bulb]]s. ...and the information is carried mainly by spinal pathways that relay in the brainstem. Stimulation of the nipples stimulates release of oxytocin and [[prolactin]
    16 KB (2,283 words) - 09:06, 15 March 2011
  • ...], and the innermost [[pia mater]]; these are continuous with those in the brainstem and cerebral hemispheres, with cerebrospinal fluid found in the [[subarachn
    9 KB (1,520 words) - 20:36, 20 November 2010
  • ...[[hypothalamus]] and the [[nucleus tractus solitarii]] (NTS) of the caudal brainstem, and products of POMC are important in appetite regulation. POMC was first ...tivation of orexigenic pathways. The negative feedback is strongest in the brainstem region where it is thought to regulate meal size and [[thermogenesis]].
    10 KB (1,388 words) - 10:34, 24 July 2011
  • ...d only by subpopulations of neurones in the [[arcuate nucleus]] and caudal brainstem; dynorphin is expressed by many populations including the [[vasopressin]] c
    5 KB (799 words) - 08:37, 8 June 2009
  • ...cular petechial hemorrhages and neuropil breakdown in the diencephalon and brainstem. Chronic thiamine deficiency may lead to [[Korsakoff's syndrome|Korsakoff s
    6 KB (741 words) - 00:29, 5 January 2008
  • The 10 out of the 12 [[cranial nerves]] originate from the [[brainstem]], and mainly control the functions of the anatomic structures of the head
    7 KB (1,058 words) - 11:57, 27 December 2007
  • The [[hypothalamus]] and the caudal brainstem contain important centres which are responsible for monitoring blood glucos
    6 KB (916 words) - 04:11, 17 April 2013
  • ...matostatin neurons in the [[arcuate nucleus]], the [[hippocampus]] and the brainstem [[nucleus of the solitary tract]].
    6 KB (912 words) - 17:45, 10 February 2024
  • ...e vagally-mediated signals reach the hypothalamus via nuclei in the caudal brainstem - notably the [[nucleus tractus solitarii]]. Noradrenergic neurons in this ...orexigenic factor ghrelin, and the neurons in the hypothalamus and caudal brainstem that synthesize the anorexigenic factors cholecystokinin, GLP-1 and oxyntom
    13 KB (1,944 words) - 10:25, 8 August 2011
  • ...s, PYY3–36 was found to modulate neuronal activity within hypothalamic and brainstem, and brain regions involved in reward processing. Several lines of evidence
    13 KB (1,840 words) - 06:29, 13 November 2009
  • | title = Developmental Plasticity in the Human Auditory Brainstem
    8 KB (969 words) - 04:54, 21 March 2024
  • ...ing; that these circuits are controlled by specific locomotor areas in the brainstem and midbrain; and that these areas in turn are controlled by higher brain s ...more extensive. There are two large descending pathways, traveling to the brainstem and spinal cord, and numerous ascending projections to a variety of sensory
    30 KB (4,433 words) - 06:32, 7 April 2014
  • ...brain. For example, [[serotonin]] is released specifically by cells in the brainstem, in an area called the raphe nuclei, but travels around the brain along the
    10 KB (1,308 words) - 17:09, 21 March 2024
  • ...king by the infant at the nipple is relayed by spinal nerves to the caudal brainstem, and from there to the hypothalamus. The stimulation causes oxytocin neuron ...l hypothalamus]], [[olfactory bulb]], [[septum]] and areas of the caudal [[brainstem]] including the [[Nucleus tractus solitarii|nucleus of the solitary tract]]
    24 KB (3,372 words) - 17:09, 21 March 2024
  • ...king by the infant at the nipple is relayed by spinal nerves to the caudal brainstem, and from there to the hypothalamus. The stimulation causes oxytocin neuron ...l hypothalamus]], [[olfactory bulb]], [[septum]] and areas of the caudal [[brainstem]] including the [[Nucleus tractus solitarii|nucleus of the solitary tract]]
    24 KB (3,415 words) - 17:09, 21 March 2024
  • ...al''. (2004) Cholecystokinin-mediated suppression of feeding involves the brainstem melanocortin system. ''Nature Neurosci'' 7(4):335-336 PMID 15034587.
    9 KB (1,121 words) - 13:51, 14 November 2010
  • ! Brainstem ...ects of musical training on brain development. Already at the level of the brainstem, evoked responses to sound are larger and more accurate in adult musicians
    20 KB (2,878 words) - 15:43, 9 November 2008
  • ...perature, pose an immediate threat and are processed quickly by the caudal brainstem.
    13 KB (2,018 words) - 10:16, 24 July 2011
  • ...various parts of the [[olfactory system]]. [[Taste]] is routed through the brainstem and then to other portions of the [[gustatory system]]. ...cts to the spinal cord and then out to the muscle effectors. Nuclei in the brainstem control many involuntary muscle functions such as heart rate and breathing.
    27 KB (3,997 words) - 17:09, 21 March 2024
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