- Accent (linguistics): Pronunciation and intonation common to a popularly-recognised variety of a language, or a language itself. [e]
- Adjective: Add brief definition or description
- Adverb: Add brief definition or description
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Alphabet: Writing system in which symbols - single or multiple letters, such as <a> or <ch> - represent phonemes (significant 'sounds') of a language. [e]
- Anaphor: Add brief definition or description
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Anthropological linguistics: The study of language through human genetics and human development. [e]
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Applied linguistics: The application of linguistic theories to practical issues and problems, such as language learning. [e]
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Arabic language: is a Semitic language used by Islam and is an official or co-official language in the 22 countries which together make up the Arab World. [e]
- Article (linguistics): Add brief definition or description
- Autosegmental phonology: Add brief definition or description
- Bengali language: Add brief definition or description
- Benjamin Whorf: Add brief definition or description
- Cantonese language: Add brief definition or description
- Case: Add brief definition or description
- Chinese language: Collective term for varieties of the Sino-Tibetan language family spoken in China; linguistically several different languages, but in broad cultural terms often seen as a single form. [e]
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Claude Lévi-Strauss: French anthropologist who developed structural anthropology as a method of understanding human society and culture. [e]
- Clinical linguistics: Add brief definition or description
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Cognitive linguistics: School of linguistics that understands language creation, learning, and usage as best explained by reference to human cognition in general. [e]
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Communication: The set of interactive processes that create shared meaning. [e]
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Comparative linguistics: (also known as comparative philology) A branch of historical linguistics that uses a number of methods of comparing languages to establish their historical relatedness. [e]
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Comprehension approach: several methodologies of language learning that emphasise understanding of language rather than speaking. [e]
- Computational linguistics: Branch of linguistics and computer science that seeks to understand the nature of language through computer modelling, as well as develop natural language processing to improve human-computer interaction. [e]
- Conjunction: Please do not use this term in your topic list, because there is no single article for it. Please substitute a more precise term. See Conjunction (disambiguation) for a list of available, more precise, topics. Please add a new usage if needed.
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Connectionism: An approach in the fields of artificial intelligence, cognitive science, neuroscience, psychology and philosophy of mind which models mental or behavioral phenomena as the emergent processes of interconnected networks of simple units. [e]
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Corpus linguistics: The study of language as expressed in samples (corpora) or 'real world' text. [e]
- Creole language: Add brief definition or description
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Critical period: Limited time in which an event can occur, usually resulting in some kind of transformation. [e]
- David Crystal: Add brief definition or description
- Definiteness: Add brief definition or description
- Deixis: Add brief definition or description
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Descriptive linguistics: The work of analyzing and describing how language is spoken (or how it was spoken in the past) by a group of people in a speech community. [e]
- Dialectology: Add brief definition or description
- Discourse analysis: Add brief definition or description
- Edward Sapir: Add brief definition or description
- Endangered languages: Add brief definition or description
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English language: A West Germanic language widely spoken in the United Kingdom, its territories and dependencies, Commonwealth countries and former colonial outposts of the British Empire; has developed the status of a global language. [e]
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Esperanto: Artificial language created by L.L. Zamenhof in the late 19th century. [e]
- Ethnolinguistics: Add brief definition or description
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Etymology: The study of word origins and how their forms and meanings change over time. [e]
- Ferdinand de Saussure: Add brief definition or description
- Foreign language: A language which is associated with another country or culture and is rarely or never used in a speaker's own community; usually taught in classrooms or through self-study, for practical purposes such as travel or doing business, or for pleasure. [e]
- Forensic linguistics: Add brief definition or description
- Formal language: Add brief definition or description
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French language: A Romance language spoken in northwestern Europe (mainly in France, Belgium, Switzerland), in Canada and in many other countries. [e]
- Functional grammar: Add brief definition or description
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Generative linguistics: School of thought within linguistics that makes use of the concept of a generative grammar. [e]
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Geneva School: Two linguistic schools in the 1940s: the first group of linguists based in Geneva who pioneered modern structural linguistics and the second group of literary theorists and critics working from a phenomenological perspective. [e]
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German language: A West-Germanic language, the official language of Germany, Austria and Liechtenstein, one of several official languages in Switzerland and Belgium, and also spoken in Italy and Denmark. [e]
- Grammar: Please do not use this term in your topic list, because there is no single article for it. Please substitute a more precise term. See Grammar (disambiguation) for a list of available, more precise, topics. Please add a new usage if needed.
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Hindi language: Add brief definition or description
- Illocutionary act: Add brief definition or description
- Implicature: Add brief definition or description
- Interlanguage: Add brief definition or description
- International language: Add brief definition or description
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Japanese language: (日本語 Nihongo), Japonic language spoken mostly in Japan; Japonic family's linguistic relationship to other tongues yet to be established, though Japanese may be related to Korean; written in a combination of Chinese-derived characters (漢字 kanji) and native hiragana (ひらがな) and katakana (カタカナ) scripts; about 125,000,000 native speakers worldwide. [e]
- Kenneth L. Pike: Add brief definition or description
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Korean language: Add brief definition or description
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Language (general): A type of communication system, commonly used in linguistics, computer science and other fields to refer to different systems, including 'natural language' in humans, programming languages run on computers, and so on. A wider definition of language - what counts as a language and what doesn't - is a difficult philosophical topic, deserving an article in its own right. [e]
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Language acquisition: The study of how language comes to users of first and second languages. [e]
- Language family: Add brief definition or description
- Latin: Add brief definition or description
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Letter (alphabet): Symbol in an alphabetic script, usually denoting one or more phonemes; for example, in the English alphabet the letter <a> can represent the phoneme /æ/ as in mat and /eɪ/ as in mate. [e]
- Lexical phonology: Add brief definition or description
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Lexical semantics: Subfield of linguistic semantics, which studies how and what the words of a language denote. [e]
- Lexicon: Complete set of vocabulary units for a language, including information on their structural specifications (semantic, morphological, syntactic and phonological properties, plus how they inter-relate); also, the mental representation of this lexical knowledge and, in casual usage, a synonym for vocabulary. The word is also common in the titles of dictionaries of Arabic, Aramaic/Syriac, ancient Greek and Hebrew. [e]
- Lexis: Total bank of words and phrases of a particular language, the artifact of which is known as a lexicon. [e]
- Linguistic prescription: Add brief definition or description
- Linguistic relativity: Add brief definition or description
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Linguistic typology: Subfield of linguistics that studies and classifies languages according to their structural features. [e]
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Linguistics: The scientific study of language. [e]
- Locutionary act: Add brief definition or description
- Markedness: Add brief definition or description
- Michael Halliday: Add brief definition or description
- Minimality: Add brief definition or description
- Monitor Theory: Add brief definition or description
- Morpheme: Add brief definition or description
- Morphographic writing system: Add brief definition or description
- Morphological typology: Add brief definition or description
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Morphology (linguistics): The study of word structure; the study of such patterns of word-formation across and within languages, and attempts to explicate formal rules reflective of the knowledge of the speakers of those languages. [e]
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Multilingualism: The state of knowing two or more languages, either in individuals or whole speech communities. [e]
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Natural language: A communication system based on sequences of acoustic, visual or tactile symbols that serve as units of meaning. [e]
- Neogrammarian: Add brief definition or description
- Neurolinguistics: Add brief definition or description
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Noam Chomsky: American linguist, MIT professor and left-wing political activist. [e]
- Optimality Theory: Add brief definition or description
- Optimality theory: Add brief definition or description
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Orthography: Art or study of correct spelling and grammar according to established usage. [e]
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Paleolinguistics: The term used by some linguists for the study of the distant human past by linguistic means. [e]
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Phoneme: Theoretical unit of language that can distinguish words or syllables, such as /b/ versus /m/; often considered the smallest unit of language, but is a transcription convention rather than a true unit in most models of phonology since the 1960s. [e]
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Phonetics: Study of speech sounds and their perception, production, combination, and description. [e]
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Phonology: In linguistics, the study of the system used to represent language, including sounds in spoken language and hand movements in sign language. [e]
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Pidgin (language): A language with no native speakers and relatively few uses, created spontaneously by two or more groups with no common language, using vocabulary and grammar from multiple sources; often a pidgin's grammar is rudimentary, and it has a restricted set of words, but in time they can develop into more complex 'expanded' pidgins with many more functions. [e]
- Pitch-accent language: Add brief definition or description
- Plato's Problem: Add brief definition or description
- Polish language: Add brief definition or description
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Portuguese language: An Iberian Romance language, of the Indo-European family. [e]
- Poverty of the stimulus: Add brief definition or description
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Pragmatics: Branch of linguistics concerned with language in use or the study of meaning as it arises from language occurring in context. [e]
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Prague linguistic circle: Influential group of literary critics and linguists in Prague, during the years 1928 - 1939, who developed methods of structuralist literary analysis, which has significant continuing influence on linguistics and semiotics. [e]
- Preposition: Add brief definition or description
- Presupposition (linguistics): Add brief definition or description
- Prosodic hierarchy: Add brief definition or description
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Prototype theory: Mode of graded categorization in cognitive science, where some members of a category are more central than others. [e]
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Psycholinguistics: Study of the psychological and neurobiological factors that enable humans to acquire, use, comprehend and produce language. [e]
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Punjabi language: The language of the Punjabi people and the Punjab regions of India and Pakistan. [e]
- Ray Jackendoff: Add brief definition or description
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Roman Jakobson: (October 11, 1896 – July 18, 1982) Russian thinker who became one of the most influential linguists of the 20th century by pioneering the development of structural analysis of language, poetry, and art. [e]
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Russian language: Widely-used member of the Slavic languages, written in the Cyrillic alphabet and spoken across Eurasia. [e]
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Sanskrit: Historical Indo-Aryan language, one of the liturgical languages of Hinduism, Buddhism, and the Vedas and is the classical literary language of India. [e]
- Sapir–Whorf hypothesis: Add brief definition or description
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Second language acquisition: Process by which people learn a second language in addition to their native language(s), where the language to be learned is often referred to as the 'target language'. [e]
- Second language: Add brief definition or description
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Semantics: The study of the way in which the use of and interrelationships between words, phrases and sentences create meaning. [e]
- Semiotics: Add brief definition or description
- Semitic languages: Add brief definition or description
- Sense: Add brief definition or description
- Sign (linguistics): Add brief definition or description
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Sign language: A system of language in which expressions are conveyed using body movements rather than the human voice. [e]
- SIL International: Add brief definition or description
- Singlish: Add brief definition or description
- Sino-Tibetan languages: Add brief definition or description
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Sociolinguistics: Branch of linguistics concerned with language in social contexts - how people use language, how it varies, how it contributes to users' sense of identity, etc. [e]
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Spanish language: A Romance language widely spoken in Spain, its current and former territories, and the United States of America. [e]
- Speech acts: Add brief definition or description
- Speech perception: Add brief definition or description
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Spoken language: An example of language produced using some of the articulatory organs, e.g. the mouth, vocal folds or lungs, or intended for production by these organs; alternatively, the entire act of communicating verbally - what people mean or intend, the words they use, their accent, intonation and so on. [e]
- Stratificational linguistics: Add brief definition or description
- Stress (linguistics): Phonological and phonetic prominence of a syllable relative to other syllables, generally involving greater pitch, length or loudness. [e]
- Stress-accent language: Add brief definition or description
- Structuralism: Add brief definition or description
- Stylistics (linguistics): Add brief definition or description
- Stylistics: Add brief definition or description
- Syllabic writing system: Add brief definition or description
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Syllable: Unit of organisation in phonology that divides speech sounds or sign language movements into groups to which phonological rules may apply. [e]
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Syntax (linguistics): The study of the rules, or 'patterned relations', that govern the way words combine to form phrases and phrases to form sentences. [e]
- Systemic linguistics: Add brief definition or description
- Theoretical linguistics: Core field of linguistics, which attempts to establish the characteristics of the system of language itself by postulating models of linguistic competence common to all humans. [e]
- Tone language: Add brief definition or description
- Transformational grammar: Add brief definition or description
- Translation (linguistics): Add brief definition or description
- Universal grammar: Add brief definition or description
- Unsolved problems in linguistics: Add brief definition or description
- Word (language: Add brief definition or description}
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Writing system: A set of signs used to represent a language, such as an alphabet, or a set of rules used to write a language, such as conventions of spelling and punctuation. [e]
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Writing: The process of recording thoughts or speech in a visually or haptically retrievable manner. [e]
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Written language: The communication and representation of a language by means of a writing system. [e]
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