Petrarch

Petrarch (July 20, 1304 – July 19, 1374) was an Italian poet, humanist and essayist, and one of the most important intellectual figures of the early Renaissance. Remembered primarily for his poems dedicated to his unidentified muse, Laura, Petrarch was arguably the individual most responsible for the revival of ancient learning that sparked the Renaissance interest in the Greek and Latin classics

Life

Petrarch was born as Francesco Petracco on July 20th, 1304, to Ser Petracco, a Florentine notary, and his wife Eletta, in Arezzo. Ser Petracco was a friend and political ally of Dante, and like him was a member of the White Guelph party banished from Florence after the 1302 revolution. As exiles, the family moved frequently, living in Arezzo, Incisa, Pisa, and Genoa before finally settling down in Avignon. Petrarch spent seven years studying law, first at the University of Montpellier and then the University of Bologna, but he refused to practice it, preferring instead life as a courtier at the papal court in Avignon. Early in the morning on April 6, 1327, he encountered a young married woman named Laura at the church of St. Clare, a sight that would inspire him to write the 366 poems of the Rime in Vita e Morte di Madonna Laura.

He became a priest and received an income from church benefices, which did not prevent him from siring two children. His son Giovanni was born in 1337 and his daughter Francesca was born in 1343. On April 8, 1341, he was crowned a poet laureate in Rome, the first since Imperial times. He was an early vegetarian, living primarily on vegetables and milk. He wrote: "I'm not a wolf that feeds on flesh."

Petrarch was largely uninterested in the art and literature of his times; despite his book-collecting habit and familial connections with Dante, he did not possess a copy of the Divine Comedy until he was given one in his old age by Boccaccio. He despised French and German domination of the Italian political scene, and preferred to look back to the days of Roman greatness, to the Roman classics, the Bible and the early Church Fathers. Petrarch wrote most of his hundreds of poems in Italian, but wrote his treatises and letters in Latin. However, he did write the epic poem Africa, about the legendary Roman general Scipio Africanus, in Latin.

Works

Latin Poems

Africa
Bucolicum carmen
Epistole metricae
Carmina varia

Latin Prose

De viris illustribus
Rerum memorandum libria
Itinerarium ad sepulcrum Domini
Secretum
Di vita solitaria
Di otio religioso
Invectivarum contra medicum quendam
De remedis utriusque fortunae
De sui ipsius et multorum ignorantia
Invectiva contra cuiusdam anonimi Galli calumnia o Contra eum qui maledixit Italiam
Epistole extravagantes
Epistole familiares
Epistole seniles
Epistole sine nomine
De gestis Cesaris
Psalmi penitentiales
Posteritati
Contra quendam magni status hominem
Collatio laureationis
Collatio coram Johanne rege
Collatio iter Scipionem, Alexandrum, Hannibalem
Arringhe
Orationes
Testamentum

Italian Poems

Il Canzonierie (Francisci Petrarca laureatae poetae Rerum vulgarium fragmenta)
I trionfi
Frammenti, Rime Sparse, Versi Per Musica, Sonetti Di Corrispondenza
Testi del Vaticano latino 3196