Apolipoprotein C-III

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In medicine and physiology, apolipoprotein C-III is apolipoprotein that is "a 9-kDa protein component of very-low-density lipoproteins and chylomicron remnants. Apo C-III, synthesized in the liver, is an inhibitor of lipoprotein lipase. Apo C-III modulates the binding of chylomicron remnants and VLDL to receptors (receptors, LDL) thus decreases the uptake of triglyceride-rich particles by the liver cells and subsequent degradation. The normal Apo C-III is glycosylated. There are several polymorphic forms with varying amounts of sialic acid (Apo C-III-0, Apo C-III-1, and Apo C-III-2)."[1]

Fatty liver and steatohepatitis may be caused by the single-nucleotide polymorphisms rs2854116 (c.455T>C) and rs2854117 (c.482C>T) of apolipoprotein C-III which are also associated with insulin resistance and hypertriglyceridemia.[2]

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References

  1. Anonymous (2024), Apolipoprotein C-III (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  2. Petersen KF, Dufour S, Hariri A, Nelson-Williams C, Foo JN, Zhang XM et al. (2010). "Apolipoprotein C3 gene variants in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.". N Engl J Med 362 (12): 1082-9. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa0907295. PMID 20335584. Research Blogging.