War on terror > Related Articles

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Contents 1 Parent topics 1.1 Motivations 2 Subtopics 2.1 Terrorist organizations 2.2 Terrorists and theoreticians 2.3 Events 2.4 Counterterrorists and theoreticians 2.5 Counterterrorism organizations 2.6 Methods 3 Other related topics 3.1 Legal framework

Parent topics

• Counterterrorism [r]: A range of activities that prevent attempted terrorism well before an actual act is close to being executed, including killing or capturing terrorists; complements and can include anti-terrorism, or measures taken to minimize the impact of an attempted or completed act; counterterrorism proper is "enemy centric" rather than counterinsurgency, which is "people-centric" [e]
• Insurgency [r]: A wide range of political and military actions intended to change a government, through means considered illegal by that government. [e]
• National Security Strategy of the United States of America (2002) [r]: The key public document on national security strategy, issued by the George W. Bush Administration between the 9-11 Attack and the Iraq War [e]
• Terrorism [r]: Any act, nearly always violent, unpredictable, and chaotic in nature, often targetting civilians, intended to create an atmosphere of fear in order to obtain a political objective. [e]

Motivations

• Arab-Israeli Conflict [r]: Politics, insurgency, terrorism, and counterinsurgency between the State of Israel and the population of the Occupied Territories of the West Bank and Gaza [e]
• Israel-Palestine Conflict [r]: Politics, insurgency, terrorism, and counterinsurgency between the State of Israel and the population of the Occupied Territories of the West Bank and Gaza [e]
• Islamic sectarian conflict [r]: Fighting between different sects of Islam or related religions, such as Sunni vs. Shi'a or Shi'a vs. Baha'i [e]
• Kurdish nationalism [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Pan-Arab nationalism [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Colonialism [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Jihad [r]: Literally meaning "struggle", a Muslim concept that can refer to an inward-directed personal process to submit to God's will, or to an external combat with the enemies of Islam [e]
• Salafism [r]: A strict branch of Sunni Islam, dedicated to the restoration of the Caliphate, often by means of armed jihad [e]
• Takfir [r]: A Muslim, primarily Salafist practice of excommunication or shunning of non-observant Muslims; it may extend to killing them [e]

Subtopics

• George W. Bush [r]: (1946–) 43rd U.S. President (Republican), elected in 2000 and re-elected in 2004. [e]
• Dick Cheney [r]: (1941–) U.S. Vice President in the George W. Bush Administration and formerly head of Halliburton; currently a political commentator [e]

Terrorist organizations

• al-Qaeda [r]: International islamist terrorist network. Responsible for the 9-11 attack and other terrorist attacks. [e]
• Asbat al-Ansar [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Aum Shinrikyo [r]: A Japanese religious organization that conducted weapons of mass destruction operations inside Japan, principally sarin chemical weapon releases in 1994 and 1995 [e]
• Islamic Jihad [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Jaish-e-Mohammed [r]: A Pakistani jihadist group focused on Kashmir; formed with assistance of Inter-Services Intelligence; listed as a terrorist organization by the United States [e]
• Jemaah Islamiah [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Lashkar e-Tayyiba [r]: (LeT); A Pakistan-based Jihadist group focused on Kashmir, widely banned as a terrorist organization, and possibly responsible for the 2008 Mumbai attacks [e]
• Muslim Brotherhood [r]: An Islamic political group, formed in Egypt and increasingly part of the political system there, which has worldwide branches; it may be moving from a Salafist ideology to a more mulilateral one [e]
• Taliban [r]: Salafist Islamic militia, governing Afghanistan 1996–2001; still fighting in Pakistan and Afghanistan. [e]

Terrorists and theoreticians

• Osama bin Laden [r]: A radical jihadist who founded, with Ayman al-Zawahiri, a group known as al-Qaeda, which is credited with a series of terrorist attacks. [e]
• Abdullah Azzam [r]: A Salafist legal scholar and jihadist, who formed the Services Office supporting the Afghanistan War (1978-92) with Osama bin Laden, one of the organizations that formed al-Qaeda [e]
• Khalid Sheikh Mohammed [r]: Described by the U.S. and by his own proud statement, the operational planner, for al-Qaeda, of the 9-11 attack; a U.S. High Value Detainee with no announced plan for trial [e]
• Sayyid Qutb [r]: Born in 1906, radicalized in 1951, and executed in 1966, an influential theorist of Salafist revolutionary Islam; considered one of the two spiritual fathers of al-Qaeda and the mentor of Ayman al-Zawahiri [e]
• Aafia Siddique‎ [r]: A Pakistani citizen and scientist, held in extrajudicial detention for five years for alleged terrorist ties, who is in proceedings at the U.S. Federal Court for the Southern District of New York, based on Federal Bureau of Investigation reports that she shot a U.S. officer and had documents and materials that may have been intended to cause explosions. Pakistani government representatives regularly attend the court. [e]
• Ayman al-Zawahiri [r]: Generally considered the #2 leader of al-Qaeda, an Egyptian physician who was mentored, in a faction of the Muslim Brotherhood, by Sayyid Qutb [e]

Events

• 9-11 Attack [r]: The largest terrorist attack on the continental United States, occurring on September 11, 2001, using hijacked airliners as suicide weapons against major buildings [e]
• 1993 World Trade Center bombing [r]: A 1993 bombing of the World Trade Center in New York, by a loose grouping of terrorists with both jihadist and specific anti-American and Israeli goals, killing 6 and injuring over 1000 people [e]
• 1998 bombings of U.S. Embassies in Africa [r]: Vehicle-borne suicide bomb attacks, conducted by al-Qaeda approximately nine minutes apart, on U.S. Embassies and civilian buildings in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania and Nairobi, Kenya on August 7, 1998 [e]
• Afghanistan War (2001-) [r]: Beginning on October 7, 2001, in response to the 9-11 attacks, military operations against the Taliban and al-Qaeda by United States and NATO forces [e]
• USS Cole (DDG-67) [r]: A U.S. Navy destroyer of the Burke-class, which survived an al-Qaida suicide attack in 2000, by an explosive-filled boat in Aden, Yemen; she is back on duty after losing 17 sailors and undergoing lengthy repairs [e]
• Iraq War [r]: Invasion of Iraq by a coalition of countries, led by the United States, in 2003, and subsequent occupation [e]

Counterterrorists and theoreticians

• John Abizaid [r]: Retired general, United States Army; succeeded GEN Tommy Franks to head United States Central Command after Iraq War, major combat phase; native Arabic speaker; fellow, Hoover Institution; Former Senior Advisor, Preventive Defense Project, Belfer Center, 2007-2009 [e]
• David Kilcullen [r]: A former Australian infantry officer with a doctorate in the study of insurgency and history, he is an advisor on counterinsurgency to the Australian and U.S. governments. His models draw a sharp distinction between the tactic of terror, and the conduct of wars that make use of that tactic. Board of Advisors, Center for a New American Security [e]
• Anthony Cordesman [r]: Center for Strategic and International Studies; Board of Editors, Middle East Quarterly [e]
• David McKiernan [r]: A U.S Army General who was relieved early of command of the International Security Assistance Force, NATO's headquarters in Afghanistan; he commanded the ground forces in the Iraq War and is an armored combat specialist, as opposed to his replacement, GEN Stanley McChrystal, a special operations officer [e]
• H.R. McMaster [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Francis Fukuyama [r]: Professor at the School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University, author and government adviser on global development and foreign policy; in and out of neoconservatism; adjunct fellow, Hudson Institute; director, National Endowment for Democracy, New America Foundation [e]
• Samuel Huntington [r]: An American political scientist, futurist and sociologist (1927-2008), with numerous academic and government posts; well known for his "clash of civilizations" theories and analysis of the motivations of soldiers [e]
• David Petraeus [r]: General, U.S. Army, presently commanding United States Central Command after having the senior command in Iraq, long associated with counterinsurgency doctrine [e]
• Peter Schoomaker [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Stanley McChrystal [r]: General, United States Army; senior Western military officer in Afghanistan, commanding the International Security Assistance Force and United States Forces-Afghanistan; professional background in special operations including heading the Joint Special Operations Command and 75th Ranger Regiment; previously Military Fellow, Council on Foreign Relations [e]
• Roger Trinquier [r]: An influential French guerilla and counterguerilla officer in the 1950s and 1960s, best known for his work in Indochina (i.e. before the French left) in the extended Vietnam War, and in the Algerian War of Independence. He is one of the very few doctrinal writers to have endorsed even the controlled use of torture. [e]

Counterterrorism organizations

• United States intelligence community [r]: The United States' intelligence agencies coordinated by the Office of the Director of National Intelligence. [e]
  • Director of National Intelligence [r]: The professional head of the United States Intelligence Community, reporting to the President, currently Dennis Blair [e]
    • Central Intelligence Agency [r]: The principal civilian intelligence organization of the United States, specializing in all-source intelligence analysis, clandestine human-source intelligence, and covert action. [e]
    • Federal Bureau of Investigation [r]: The principal U.S. Federal police agency, part of the U.S. Department of Justice and the United States intelligence community, who has arrest authority, and is the primary authority for a variety of domestic crimes, civilian counterespionage within the United States, and organized crime [e]
• U.S. Department of Homeland Security [r]: An executive (cabinet-level) department of the United States government whose primary mission is to protect the security of the nation. [e]
• U.S. Department of Defense [r]: The military forces of the United States and their supporting civil servants. [e]
  • United States Central Command [r]: Unified Combatant Command responsible for U.S. operations in the Middle East and Southwest Asia, now under the command of General David Petraeus [e]
  • United States Southern Command [r]: U.S. Unified Combatant Command responsible for military operations in the Caribbean, Central America, and South America [e]
    • Guantanamo Bay detention camp [r]: A military-operated extrajudicial detention facility created by the George W. Bush Administration for selected captives apprehended during the war on terror; ordered closed by the Obama administration [e]
  • United States Special Operations Command [r]: A U.S. Unified Combatant Command with both functional and operational responsibilities, both to prepare special operations forces for the geographic commands, and to execute strategic special operations, typically under national orders and high security classification [e]
    • Joint Special Operations Command [r]: A major subordinate unit of the United States Special Operations Command, which takes on the most sensitive covert military operations, usually working unacknowledged within the geographic area of a Unified Combatant Command [e]

Methods

• PATRIOT Act [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Extrajudicial detention, U.S., George W. Bush Administration [r]: Policies and practices relevant to detention in intelligence and military facilities, the latter when no prisoner of war status was granted [e]
• Extraordinary rendition, U.S., George W. Bush Administration [r]: Policy, legal interpretation and examples, under the George W. Bush Administration, of extraordinary rendition, U.S., primarily related to the Administration's war on terror [e]
• Intelligence interrogation, U.S., George W. Bush Administration [r]: The policies and practices authorized for interrogation of suspected terrorists by the United States Department of Defense and the United States intelligence community during the George W. Bush Administration [e]
• Financial intelligence [r]: Collecting information on financial transactions (either from the financial institution or by clandestine means) and then analyzing it to determine providers and consumers of money or money equivalents [e]
• Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act [r]: Add brief definition or description

Other related topics

• Interrogation [r]: A systematic process of direct questioning, of a person in detention or otherwise under the control of the interrogator, to obtain reliable information to satisfy criminal investigation or human-source intelligence requirements, within the scope of relevant law and policy [e]
  • Torture [r]: The infliction of mental or physical pain, for punishment or as an interrogation technique. [e]
  • Intelligence interrogation, U.S., George W. Bush Administration [r]: The policies and practices authorized for interrogation of suspected terrorists by the United States Department of Defense and the United States intelligence community during the George W. Bush Administration [e]
• Saudi Arabia [r]: A country in the Middle East, governed by a monarchy under Islamic law, which contains the holiest sites in Islam, and also dominates the world's oil economy [e]

Legal framework

• Extrajudicial detention [r]: The policy and practice of holding prisoners captive without judicial authority to do so, or without a recognized authority under international law, such capture of prisoners of war [e]
  • Extrajudicial detention, U.S. [r]: Situations where the Executive Branch of the United States government has detained individuals without the authority of the judicial branch of government; there have been many cases going back to through the early history of the nation, sometimes during overt war, and, perhaps better known at present, directed against non-national threats. [e]
    • Extrajudicial detention, U.S., George W. Bush Administration [r]: Policies and practices relevant to detention in intelligence and military facilities, the latter when no prisoner of war status was granted [e]
• Extraordinary rendition [r]: A process in which a Requesting State may gain custody of a person held by another state, without going through a formal judicial process of international extradition, but not necessarily secretly or with no administrative hearing [e]
  • Extraordinary rendition, U.S. [r]: General United States policy and laws regarding the transfer of a person of interest to another country, without going through formal international extradition but possibly through other administrative hearings [e]
    • Extraordinary rendition, U.S., George W. Bush Administration [r]: Policy, legal interpretation and examples, under the George W. Bush Administration, of extraordinary rendition, U.S., primarily related to the Administration's war on terror [e]
• ex parte Milligan [r]: An 1866 decision of the Supreme Court of the United States that determined that a U.S. citizen, not part of the military or a prisoner of war, not in an area of hostilities, and where the civil courts were operating, could not be tried by a military tribunal [e]
• ex parte Quirin [r]: A 1942 Supreme Court of the United States ruling that affirmed the right to try captured enemy personnel, who operated in civilian clothing, by a Presidentially appointed secret military tribunal [e]
• Rahul v. Bush [r]: A decision of the Supreme Court of the United States, in 2004, that prisoners in military extrajudicial detention, specifically at Guantanamo Bay detention camp, had proper standing to request habeas corpus review in the Federal judicial system [e]
• Prisoner of war [r]: An individual who has been captured by an enemy in an area of war, and meets various conditions, defined principally by the Third Geneva Convention of 1949, which qualify the person as a lawful combatant [e]
• Project for the New American Century [r]: neoconservative think tank and interest group, formed, in its words, to promote the foreign policy principles of the Reagan Administration: "a military that is strong and ready to meet both present and future challenges; a foreign policy that boldly and purposefully promotes American principles abroad; and national leadership that accepts the United States' global responsibilities;" actively supported regime change and preventive war in the Middle East [e]
• Third Geneva Convention [r]: In international law, the primary treaty governing the status and treatment of prisoners of war [e]