Enzyme > Related Articles
From Citizendium, the Citizens' Compendium
< Enzyme
- See also pages that link to Enzyme or to this page.
Contents |
Parent topics
Subtopics
Other related topics
Bot-suggested topics
Auto-populated based on Special:WhatLinksHere/Enzyme. Needs checking by a human.
- Acetaldehyde [r]: The second smallest aldehyde, second only to formaldehyde. [e]
- Acetylcholinesterase [r]: An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of acetylcholine to choline and acetate, causing muscles, ennervated by cholinergic receptors, to relax [e]
- Acetylcholine [r]: A chemical transmitter in both the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and central nervous system (CNS) in many organisms including humans. [e]
- Adiposopathy [r]: The dysfunction of fat cells. [e]
- Alcohol [r]: A chemical compound that contains a hydroxy group (OH). [e]
- Allozymes [r]: Enzymes that are coded for by different alleles at the same locus. [e]
- Androstenedione [r]: An androgen steroids synthesized from 17-hydroxyprogesterone and a precursor of estrone, an estrogen steroid. [e]
- Aromatase inhibitor [r]: Drugs inhibiting estrogen steroid synthesis from testosterones; anti-cancer medication. [e]
- Aromatase [r]: An enzyme which oxidizes two positions of steroids, converting testosterones into estrogens. [e]
- Bacteriophage [r]: A virus that infects bacteria; often called a phage. [e]
- Beta oxidation [r]: The process by which fatty acids, in the form of Acyl-CoA molecules, are broken down in the mitochondria to generate Acetyl-CoA, the entry molecule for the Krebs Cycle. [e]
- Biochemistry [r]: The chemistry of living things; a field of both biology and chemistry. [e]
- Biology [r]: The science of life — of complex, self-organizing, information-processing systems living in the past, present or future. [e]
- Biosynthesis [r]: The production of chemical metabolites by living systems. [e]
- Breast cancer [r]: Cancer of the glandular breast tissue. [e]
- Cell (biology) [r]: The basic unit of life, consisting of biochemical networks enclosed by a membrane. [e]
- Central nervous system [r]: The main information-processing organs of the nervous system, consisting of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges. National Library of Medicine [e]
- Cheese [r]: Dairy product made from milk curd and widely eaten in the Western Hemisphere and Europe. [e]
- Chemical engineering [r]: The field of engineering that deals with industrial and natural processes involving the chemical, physical or biological transformation of matter or energy into forms useful for mankind, economically and safely without compromising the environment [e]
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [r]: A group of diseases characterized by the pathological limitation of airflow in the airway that is not fully reversible. [e]
- Citric acid cycle [r]: A series of enzyme-catalysed chemical reactions of central importance in all living cells that use oxygen as part of cellular respiration. [e]
- Cyclooxygenase [r]: An enzyme that is responsible for the key step in prostaglandin biosynthesis. [e]
- Diazinon [r]: A toxic acetylcholinesterase inhibitor and pesticide used on many crops. Effects similar to nerve agents. [e]
- Diclofenac [r]: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with antipyretic and analgesic actions. [e]
- Evolution of cells [r]: The birth of cells marked the passage from pre-biotic chemistry to partitioned units resembling modern cells. [e]
- Fermentation (food) [r]: The conversion of nutrients to desired products, such as ethanol, acetic acid or acetone, using yeast, bacteria, or a combination thereof [e]
- Frederick Twort [r]: (1877 – 1950) - English bacteriologist who discovered that bacteriophages are viruses that attack and destroy bacteria. [e]
- Genetic engineering [r]: The process of manipulating genes, usually outside the organism's normal reproductive process. [e]
- Gene [r]: The functional unit of heredity. [e]
- Glucose-6-phosphate [r]: (G6P), is glucose that has been phosphorylated on carbon 6. The conversion from glucose to G6P is the first step of glycolysis for energy production in cells. [e]
- Glutamate decarboxylase [r]: An enzyme that catalyzes the decarboxylation of glutamate to GABA and CO2. [e]
- Glycogenolysis [r]: Breakdown conversion of glycogen to glucose, which occurs in the liver and is stimulated by glucagon from the pancreas and adrenaline from the adrenal medulla. [e]
- Glycogen [r]: Polysaccharide that is the main form of carbohydrate storage in animals and occurs primarily in the liver and muscle tissue. [e]
- Glyoxylate cycle [r]: Metabolic pathway in some orgnaisms which uses acetyl CoAs to synthesize carbohydrates. [e]
- HIV test [r]: Tests used to detect the presence of the human immunodeficiency virus in serum, saliva, or urine, to detect HIV antibodies, antigens, or RNA. [e]
- Heme [r]: Deep red, nonprotein, ferrous molecule that binds with proteins as a cofactor or prosthetic group to form the haemoproteins. [e]
- History of vitamin C [r]: The historical usage of L-ascorbic acid. [e]
- Hormesis [r]: A quantitative and qualitative dose-response relationship in which the effect at low concentrations occurs in the opposite direction from that expected from the effect observed at higher concentrations. [e]
- Hydroxyl [r]: A molecule consisting of an oxygen atom and a hydrogen atom connected by a covalent bond (single bond). [e]
- Immunoenzyme technique [r]: Immunologic techniques based on the use of either enzyme-antibody conjugates, enzyme-antigen conjugates, antienzyme antibody followed by its homologous enzyme, or enzyme-antienzyme complexes. [e]
- Inborn errors of metabolism [r]: Genetic disorders in which the body cannot properly convert food into energy or breakdown waste products. [e]
- Indomethacin [r]: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic agent, used in arthritic disorders and degenerative joint disease, and to treat soft-tissue sports injuries. [e]
- Ion-selective electrodes [r]: A transducer (sensor) which converts the activity of a specific ion dissolved in a solution into an electrical potential which can be measured by a voltmeter or pH meter. [e]
- J. B. S. Haldane [r]: (1892-1964) One of the founders of theoretical population genetics and widely known for his work in enzyme kinetics. [e]
- Lactose [r]: Slightly sweet disaccharide composed of two monosaccharides, glucose and galactose linked together, and found in milk. [e]
- Life extension [r]: Medical and non-medical attempts to slow down or reverse the processes of aging, to extend both the maximum and average lifespan. [e]
- Ligase [r]: A type of enzyme that binds together monomers to form polymers. [e]
- Louis Pasteur [r]: (1822 - 1895) Disproved abiogenesis, the theory of spontaneous generation of microbes. [e]
- Macromolecular chemistry [r]: The study of the physical, biological and chemical structure, properties, composition, and reaction mechanisms of macromolecules. [e]
- Maximum life span [r]: Measure of the maximum amount of time one or more members of a group has been observed to survive between birth and death. [e]
- Metabolism [r]: The modification of chemical substances by living organisms. [e]
- Micro RNA [r]: Single-stranded RNA molecules of 21-23 nucleotides in length, which regulate gene expression. [e]
- Mobile DNA [r]: Blocks of DNA that are able to move and insert into new locations throughout the genome without needing DNA sequence similarity or requiring the process of homologous recombination to enable movement. [e]
- Molecule [r]: An aggregate of two or more atoms in a definite arrangement held together by chemical bonds. [e]
- Neurotransmitter [r]: A class of chemicals which relay, amplify or modulate electrical signals between a neuron and other cells in the nervous system. [e]
- Organic chemistry [r]: The scientific study of the structure, properties, composition, reactions, and preparation (by synthesis or by other means) of chemical compounds of carbon and hydrogen, which may contain any number of other elements. [e]
- Organism [r]: An individual living individual: a complex, adaptive physical system that acts a integrated unit that sustains metabolism and reproduces progeny that resemble it. [e]
- Oxytocin [r]: A mammalian hormone that is secreted into the bloodstream from the posterior pituitary gland, and which is also released into the brain where it has effects on social behaviors. [e]
- PH [r]: A scale that measures the acidity or alkalinity of a solution, ranging from 0 (strongly acidic) to 14 (strongly alkaline). [e]
- Parasympathetic nervous system [r]: Motor division of the autonomic nervous system, which has cholinergic nerve endings, which inhibits the heart, contracts the pupils, and produces a vagus-insulin axis of activity. [e]
- Phosphodiesterase [r]: A class of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of one of the two ester bonds in a phosphodiester compound (U.S. National Library of Medicine). [e]
- Phospholipase [r]: Enzyme of four major classes, that hydrolyzes phospholipids into fatty acids and other lipophilic substances. [e]
- Phytase [r]: Hydrolase enzyme that can break down the undigestible phytate, found in grains and oil seeds and thus release digestible phosphorus, calcium and other nutrients. [e]
- Prokaryote phylogeny and evolution [r]: History of the origins of prokaryotes and the evolutionary processes that have affected bacteria. [e]
- Protein kinase [r]: A family of enzymes that catalyze the conversion of adenosine triphosphate and a protein to adenosine diphosphate and a phosphoprotein. [e]
- Protein [r]: A polymer of amino acids; basic building block of living systems. [e]
- Proteus vulgaris [r]: Rod-shaped, Gram negative bacterium that inhabits the intestinal tracts of humans and animals, and known to cause urinary tract infections and wound infections. [e]
- RNA world hypothesis [r]: Proposes that a world filled with life based on ribonucleic acid (RNA) predated current life based on deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). [e]
- Reaction rate [r]: The amount of reactant or product that is formed or removed (in moles or mass units) per unit time per unit volume, in a particular reaction. [e]
- Red blood cells [r]: Type of disc-shaped blood cell that contain hemoglobin, and the body's principal means of delivering oxygen to the body's cells via the blood, and the removal of carbon dioxide wastes that result from metabolism. [e]
- Reduction potential [r]: The tendency of a chemical species to acquire electrons and thereby be reduced. [e]
- Rejuvenation (aging) [r]: Hypothetical reversal of the aging process, aiming to repair the damage that is associated with aging or replacement of damaged tissue with new tissue. [e]
- Restriction enzyme [r]: Enzymes (proteins) that cut DNA at specific DNA base sequences, typically 4-6 base pairs in length. [e]
- Retrotransposon [r]: Genetic elements that can amplify themselves in a genome with the use of reverse transcriptase, and are ubiquitous components of the DNA of many eukaryotic organisms. [e]
- Sewall Wright [r]: (1889–1988) A American geneticist known for his work on evolutionary theory and path analysis and one of the founders of theoretical population genetics. [e]
- Snake venom [r]: Highly modified toxic saliva containing hydrolithic enzymes, polypeptide complexs, nucleases, and peptidases, that is produced by special glands of certain species of snakes. [e]
- Southern blot [r]: A technique to detect the presence of a specific fragment of DNA, often from a whole genome or complex mixture of DNA, using a sequence specific probe. It is named after Edward M. Southern who developed the technique at Edinburgh University in the 1970. [e]
- Steroid [r]: Hormone group that controls metabolism, catabolism, growth, electrolyte balance and sexual characteristics. [e]
- Sulfanilamide [r]: A white, odorless crystalline molecule containing the sulfonamide functional group attached to an aniline, no longer used clinically but the first of the sulfonamide antibiotics [e]
- Tranexamic acid [r]: An "antifibrinolytic hemostatic used in severe hemorrhage." National Library of Medicine [e]
- University of Manchester [r]: Largest single higher education institution in the United Kingdom. [e]
- Vitalism [r]: The doctrine that the functioning of a living organism does not result from physical and chemical forces alone. [e]
