Nitrofurantoin

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In medicine, nitrofurantion is an antibiotic that is a "urinary anti-infective agent effective against most gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. Although sulfonamides and antibiotics are usually the agents of choice for urinary tract infections, nitrofurantoin is widely used for prophylaxis and long-term suppression."^[1]

Nitrofurantoin achieves good renal and urinary concentrations, but not serum good concentrations.^[2]

Effectiveness

Randomized controlled trials have shown nirofurantion to be equivalent to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole^[3] and ciprofloxacin^[3][4] in treating uncomplicated urinary tract infections (cystitis).

References

1. ↑ Anonymous, (2009) Nitrofurantoin (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
2. ↑ Pham P, Bartlett JG (2008). Nitrofurantion. Johns Hopkins Antibiotic Guide. Retrieved on 2008-10-05.
3. ↑ ^3.0 3.1 Iravani A, Klimberg I, Briefer C, Munera C, Kowalsky SF, Echols RM (March 1999). A trial comparing low-dose, short-course ciprofloxacin and standard 7 day therapy with co-trimoxazole or nitrofurantoin in the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infection. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 43 Suppl A: 67–75. PMID 10225575.
4. ↑ Gupta K, Hooton TM, Roberts PL, Stamm WE (November 2007). Short-course nitrofurantoin for the treatment of acute uncomplicated cystitis in women. Archives of internal medicine 167 (20): 2207–12. DOI:10.1001/archinte.167.20.2207. PMID 17998493.