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Welcome! We are an encyclopedia project, and more. We are a different sort of Web 2.0 project: We aim at credibility and quality, not just quantity. We offer gentle expert oversight, and public participation. We use our real names, not pseudonyms. We're collegial. We have added over 2,800 articles (and many subpages) since November 2006. Join us! New authors and editors welcome! Response within 24 hours, guaranteed. Learn about us For readers: About the Citizendium For authors: The Author Role For editors: The Editor Role Support us We're a 501(c)(3) non-profit, and we need your support. If you shop at Amazon or Barnes & Noble and you access these sites by the links provided here, we'll be getting donations at no cost to you (read more) - Search All Products.	Some of our finest [ about ] Approved Articles Developed Articles (over 600) Draft of the Week [ about ] In the mines of highland Bolivia, "El Tío" (Spanish for "Uncle") is the familiar name for the spirit owner of the mountain, who is also known as Huari or Supay. He is associated with pre-Hispanic nature spirits as well as the Christian Devil and is a central figure in the ritual life of Bolivian mining communities. An image of the Tío is situated in each mineshaft to receive sacrificial offerings of alcohol, coca, cigarettes, llama blood and other ritual items from the miners in return for his goodwill and his guarantee of good health and good fortune in the mines. [more...] New Draft of the Week [ about ] John Adams (1735-1826) was an American Founding Father and President 1797-1801. He began the Adams political family based in Massachusetts. Adams was a political leader of the American Revolution and one of the drafters of Declaration of Independence. He wrote the Massachusetts Constitution of 1780, negotiated peace with Britain in 1783, became the first American minister to Britain, and was elected as the first Vice President of the United States under President George Washington 1789 to 1797. [more...]