Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), or filgrastim, is a glycoprotein of MW 25 kDa, which stimulate the production of neutrophils and their precursors, and is used to treat neutropenia. In the United States, it is approved as Neupogen brand of filgrastim.
It is a glycoprotein containing disulfide bonds, which has a molecular weight of 25 kilodalton (kDa) Among the family of colony-stimulating factors, G-CSF is the most potent inducer of terminal differentiation to granulocytes and macrophages of leukemic myeloid cell lines.[1] G-CSF stimulates granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells.
It is not the same agent as granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF).
Medical indications
Labeled as approved uses by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration:[2] Chemotherapy-induced neutropenia, congenital neutropenia, cyclic neutropenia, idiopathic neutropenia, neutropenia secondary to acute myeloid leukemia treatment]], prevention of neutropenia from cancer chemotherapy, mobilization of hematopoietic progenitor cells into peripheral blood for collection by leukapheresis, severe chronic neutropenia
Unlabeled Uses: AIDS-associated neutropenia, drug-induced neutropenia, myelodysplastic syndrome, myeloid engraftment enhancement
Experimental use
As a synergistic combination with erythropoetin, it has been used, in tissue culture and in rats, to accelerate mechanisms of repair associated with stroke and peripheral ischemia.[3]
References
- ↑ Anonymous (2024), Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ↑ Neupogen Inj: Doses and Indications, American Society for Health System Pharmacists/Medscape
- ↑ Liu S-P, Lee S-D, Lee H-T, Liu DD, Wang H-J, et al. (2010), "Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Activating HIF-1α Acts Synergistically with Erythropoietin to Promote Tissue Plasticity", PLoS ONE 5 (4: e10093), DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0010093