English language: Difference between revisions
imported>Ro Thorpe |
imported>John Stephenson (reformatting and links; moving info to subpages) |
||
| Line 2: | Line 2: | ||
The '''English language''' is one of about 6,000 [[language]]s spoken throughout the [[world]]. It is notable for its [[history|historical]] development from the [[spoken language|speech]] of a few [[Germanic people|Germanic]] tribes living on the [[island]] of [[Great Britain]] about 1,500 years ago, to its status today as a [[global language]], used by [[people]] of very different backgrounds to [[communication|communicate]] - most of whom have little to do with [[England]], the [[country]] in which English first emerged. | The '''English language''' is one of about 6,000 [[language]]s spoken throughout the [[world]]. It is notable for its [[history|historical]] development from the [[spoken language|speech]] of a few [[Germanic people|Germanic]] tribes living on the [[island]] of [[Great Britain]] about 1,500 years ago, to its status today as a [[global language]], used by [[people]] of very different backgrounds to [[communication|communicate]] - most of whom have little to do with [[England]], the [[country]] in which English first emerged. | ||
== | ==Historical spread of English== | ||
{{main|History of the English language}} | |||
The 'journey' of English around the world began with its movement throughout the [[British Isles]], eventually becoming the language most commonly spoken throughout the modern [[state]]s of the [[United Kingdom]] and the [[Republic of Ireland]]. Meanwhile, the language reached [[North America]] though [[colonisation]], and subsequently became widely spoken in Britain's [[colony|colonies]], such as the settlements of [[Australia]] and [[Canada]]. As these outposts developed in [[economy|economic]] and [[politics|political]] importance over the centuries, so the language became an essential ''[[lingua franca]]'' - to do [[business]] other peoples inside and outside the [[British Empire]] found it advantageous to [[learning|learn]] English as a [[second language acquisition|foreign or second]] language. | The 'journey' of English around the world began with its movement throughout the [[British Isles]], eventually becoming the language most commonly spoken throughout the modern [[state]]s of the [[United Kingdom]] and the [[Republic of Ireland]]. Meanwhile, the language reached [[North America]] though [[colonisation]], and subsequently became widely spoken in Britain's [[colony|colonies]], such as the settlements of [[Australia]] and [[Canada]]. As these outposts developed in [[economy|economic]] and [[politics|political]] importance over the centuries, so the language became an essential ''[[lingua franca]]'' - to do [[business]] other peoples inside and outside the [[British Empire]] found it advantageous to [[learning|learn]] English as a [[second language acquisition|foreign or second]] language. | ||
==English as a global language== | ==English as a global language== | ||
{{seealso|Varieties of English}} | |||
[[Image:Writing-pen-english.jpg|thumb|right|300px|An example of [[written language|written]] English.]] | [[Image:Writing-pen-english.jpg|thumb|right|300px|An example of [[written language|written]] English.]] | ||
===Speakers=== | ===Speakers=== | ||
| Line 15: | Line 16: | ||
==Footnotes== | ==Footnotes== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
*[[English grammar]] | *[[English grammar]] | ||
*[[History of the English language]] | *[[History of the English language]] | ||
*[[British English]] | |||
*[[American English]] | |||
*[[Varieties of English]] | |||
*[[English phonemes]] | *[[English phonemes]] | ||
*[[Spelling pronunciation]] | *[[Spelling pronunciation]] | ||
Revision as of 04:55, 12 March 2008
The English language is one of about 6,000 languages spoken throughout the world. It is notable for its historical development from the speech of a few Germanic tribes living on the island of Great Britain about 1,500 years ago, to its status today as a global language, used by people of very different backgrounds to communicate - most of whom have little to do with England, the country in which English first emerged.
Historical spread of English
The 'journey' of English around the world began with its movement throughout the British Isles, eventually becoming the language most commonly spoken throughout the modern states of the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland. Meanwhile, the language reached North America though colonisation, and subsequently became widely spoken in Britain's colonies, such as the settlements of Australia and Canada. As these outposts developed in economic and political importance over the centuries, so the language became an essential lingua franca - to do business other peoples inside and outside the British Empire found it advantageous to learn English as a foreign or second language.
English as a global language
- See also: Varieties of English
Speakers
Today, English may be identified as a global language, due to its widespread use in business, the internet and amongst diverse groups of people who wish to overcome a language barrier. Estimates put the number of fluent speakers at upwards of half a billion,[1] a majority of whom are probably native speakers. However, there are many millions more with some knowledge of the language.
English as a threat to other languages
One argument concerning the apparent worldwide dominance of English is that it might be a threat to linguistic diversity, with many languages going extinct as speakers switch to English. However, evidence of this phenomenon is actually thin on the ground. Outside the 'English-speaking nations' (countries historically most closely associated with English, such as England, New Zealand and Australia), most speakers of English learn it in addition to or alongside a native language. In addition, English is by no means dominant in every sphere of influence; some evidence suggests that more blogs are written in Japanese,[2] for example, and other tongues enjoy lingua franca status in various regions of the world. French and German, for example, are still much-used in Europe, and Swahili remains an important language for cross-cultural communication in East Africa.
Footnotes
- ↑ See Ethnologue: Ethnologue report for language code: eng.
- ↑ Global Voices Online: 'Japan: number one language of bloggers worldwide'.