P (letter)
From Citizendium, the Citizens' Compendium
P, p is a letter of the Latin alphabet. It is the sixteenth letter of most variants, being placed after O and before Q, as is the case for instance in the English alphabet. Its English name is pronounced [ˈpiː], like the vegetable pea.
Use in English
| List | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z |
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| CZ cluster |
p is an bilabilal stop, an unvoiced b (compare pén and Bén), a popping sound with the lips in the same position as b and m (as in mén). Examples (the accents show stress and pronunciation: see English phonemes): póp, pâper, plûral, pêople, pét, pépper, pénsion, ápt, flípped, câper, apàrt, stoôp, recoûp, groûp, bürp, hàrp, stóp, cóp, rôpe, hŷpe, tŷpe.
p begins consonant clusters: ápfelstrudel, plús, apnoêa, hypnôsis, hypnótic, présent, Épsom, ápt.
p is silent at the beginning of a word before n, s, t: pterodáctyl, pneumátic, pneumônia, pseûdonym, ptàrmigan, Ptómely and in recêipt, which rhymes with decêit (cf. recéption -psh-).
It doubles only in the middle, to shorten the preceding vowel: hópping (cf. hópped, hôped), flóppy (cf. flóp), snápped, háppy, háppen, náppy, rípper, cúpped, stépping, and after an initial vowel as in appŏrtion, appŏintment, apprôach, applŷ, opportûnity, úpper.
ph = f: Phílip, trôphy, phenómenon, grāph, apóstrophê, Philadélphia, phãraôh (-rô) - but Stêphen = Stêven.
ph also begins clusters: Dáphnê (-fn), aphrodísiac (-fr-).
Before p, n becomes m (with the exception of ínpùt): impŏrtant, cómpost, cf. -nf- in informâtion, confŏrm (which can be pronounced *ímformâtion, *comfŏrm - as can ínpùt *impùt, cf. impûte).
