American Meteorological Society

The American Meteorological Society (AMS) promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. The AMS offers an array of undergraduate scholarships and graduate fellowships to students pursuing careers in the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences. It also administers two professional certification programs, the Certified Broadcast Meteorologist (CBM) and Certified Consulting Meteorologist (CCM) programs.

The AMS has a staff of 50 people headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts and also has another office in Washington, DC.

History of the AMS
The American Meteorological Society was founded in 1919 by Charles Franklin Brooks of the Blue Hill Observatory in Milton, Massachusetts. Its initial membership came primarily from the U.S. Signal Corps and U.S. Weather Bureau and numbered just less than 600. Its first publication, the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, was meant to serve as a supplement to the Monthly Weather Review, which, at the time, was published by the U.S. Weather Bureau.

Many of the initial members were not practicing meteorologists, but after the dues were raised from $1 to $2 in 1922, the weather hobbyists began dropping their membership, and the Society's membership shifted to primarily professionals in the field. The period between 1930 and 1950 was one of significant advancement in the atmospheric sciences, and the AMS made a substantial impact through their publications and the organization of specialized meetings.

During and after World War II, activity in meteorology increased at a phenomenal rate because of the key role it played in support of military activities — both in terms of ground operations and aviation. A large number of meteorologists were trained as part of the wartime effort and, after the war, a substantial number of meteorologists were working in the military and civilian sectors.

The role of the Society as a scientific and professional organization serving the atmospheric and related sciences, which was established so well in the first few decades of the Society's history, has continued to the present. The AMS now publishes many well-respected scientific journals in addition to the Bulletin, and organizes over a dozen scientific conferences each year.

As of 2011, the AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, professors, students, and weather enthusiasts.

Governance
The affairs of the AMS are run by an elected President, two appointed staff (Executive Director and Secretary-Treasurer), and a Council. The Council consists of the President, two Past Presidents, and 15 voting members of the Society. The Executive Director and the Secretary-Treasurer are also members of the Council, but without the power to vote.

The Council meets at the close of the Annual Meetings and when convened by the President, or whenever requested in writing by five or more members of the Council.

Below is a an organization chart of the Society's Council followed by listings of the Boards and Committees included in each of the six major Commissions shown in the chart:

Weather and Climate Enterprise Commission: Includes the Board on Economic Development, the Board on Enterprise Communication, the Board on Enterprise Planning, and various committees.

Professional Affairs Commission: Includes the Board on Certified Consulting Meteorologists, the Board of Broadcast Meteorology, the Board for Private Sector Meteorologists, the Board for Operational Government Meteorologists and the Board on Continuing Professional Development.

Education and Human Resources Commission: Includes the Board on Higher Education, the Board on Outreach and Pre-College Education, the Board on Women and Minorities and various committees.

Publication Commission: Includes a Board for each of ten publications, namely the Journal of Atmospheric Science, Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, Journal of Physical Oceanography, Monthly Weather Review, Weather and Forecasting, Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, Journal of Hydrometeorology, Journal of Climate, Journal of Meteorological and Geoastrophysical Abstracts, and Weather, Climate and Society. Also includes a Board of Meteorological Monographs.

Scientific and Technological Activities Commission: Includes the Board on Urban Environment, the Board on Societal Impacts and these 30 committees:


 * Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
 * Air-Sea Interaction
 * Applied Climatology
 * Artificial Intelligence Applications(1)
 * Atmospheric Biogeosciences
 * Atmospheric Chemistry
 * Atmospheric Electricity
 * Atmospheric and Oceanic Fluid Dynamics
 * Atmospheric Radiation
 * Aviation, Range and Aerospace Meteorology


 * Boundary Layers and Turbulence
 * Climate Variability and Change
 * Cloud Physics
 * Coastal Environment
 * Hydrology
 * Laser Atmospheric Studies
 * Measurements
 * Mesoscale Processes
 * Meteorological Aspects of Air Pollution
 * Meteorology and Oceanography(2)


 * Middle Atmosphere
 * Mountain Meteorology
 * Planned and Inadvertent Weather Modification
 * Polar Meteorology and Oceanography
 * Probability and Statistics
 * Radar Meteorology
 * Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography
 * Severe Local Storms
 * Tropical Meteorology and Tropical Cyclones
 * Weather Analysis and Forecasting


 * (1) To Environmental Science
 * (2) Of the Southern Hemisphere

Planning Commission: The Planning Commission is responsible to the Council for long-range planning and related recommendations to ensure that the Society anticipates the changing needs of the members and that the organizational and fiscal policies of the Society are commensurate with the role of the Society.

Types of membership
There are five types of membership in the Society :


 * Member: The level of membership intended for professionals working in the atmospheric and related sciences. Over 75% of AMS members hold this grade of membership. Members must have a bachelor's degree in meteorology or a related science or must have completed significant coursework in the atmospheric and related sciences in addition to professional experience.
 * Member Emeritus: Individuals 70 years or older who have been AMS members for at least 25 years are eligible for the grade of Member Emeritus.
 * Associate Member: The level of membership intended to serve those individuals with a strong interest in meteorology and the related sciences but who do not qualify for the grade of Member. Associate Members receive all the benefits of membership except voting rights. Some individuals take advantage of this status while they are completing coursework or gaining the experience necessary to qualify for Member status.
 * Student Member: The level of membership available to undergraduate or graduate students enrolled on at least a half-time basis. It has the same privileges as Associate Member status, with the added benefit that dues and all journal subscriptions are available at half the Member price.
 * Associate Member–High School Student: Applications for this type of membership by high school students must be signed by a high school principal or guidance counselor.

There are also two other levels of membership which are considered to be awards:


 * Honorary Member: A few Honorary Members, at most, are elected each year and are persons of acknowledged pre-eminence in the atmospheric, oceanic, hydrologic or related sciences.
 * Fellows: To be elected to the grade of Fellow, an individual must have made outstanding contributions to the atmospheric and related sciences or their application over a number of years. About 20 individuals are elected to the grade of Fellow by the Council each year.