Nuremberg Military Tribunals

After the four-power International Military Tribunal (Nuremberg), a series of twelve Nuremberg Military Tribunals (NMT) were conducted by the United States, sometimes with British and French assistance, but never again as a four-power process. The legal basis for these "subsequent proceedings" was Allied Control Commission Law 10, which empowered "the commanding officers of the four allied zones of occupation to conduct criminal trials on charges of aggression, war crimes, crimes against humanity and membership of an organisation aiming at such crimes."

President Harry Truman created six tribunals, which conducted twelve trials between 26 October 1946 to 14 April 1949. The prosecutorial function was under the Office of the United States Goverment for Germany (OMGUS), under Telford Taylor, United States Chief of Counsel for War Crimes. While Taylor was a brigadier general in the United States Army, the trials were conducted by American civilian judges.