Genetics of obesity

Begin your article with a brief overview of the scope of the article on interest group. Include the article name Genetics of Obesity in the first sentence.

Remember you are writing an encyclopedia article; it is meant to be readable by a wide audience, and so you will need to explain some things clearly, without using unneccessary jargon. But you don't need to explain everything - you can link specialist terms to other articles about them - for example adipocyte or leptin simply by enclosing the word in double square brackets.

You can write your article directly onto the wiki- but at first you'll find it easier to write it in Word and copy and paste it onto the wiki.

Construct your article in sections and subsections, with headings and subheadings like this:

Overview
Obesity is the condition of excessive fat accummulation typically defined as a BMI of 30 or more. It presents as a major risk factor for premature mortality and is attributable to a number of chronic diseases: cardiovascular, metabolic and cancerous (1). With the onset of the obesity epidemic, an increasing number of institutions are researching into the causes of this current trend. While the environmental influences (including the ease of access to high energy palatable foods and sedentary lifestyle) cannot be neglected, there is much focus on genomics to explain inter-individual variation in susceptibility to adiposity (2).

Although several genes have been identified, they are limited to monogenic causes. Many of these are mutations of proteins in the “leptin pathway” which has an important role in energy balance. Each of those represented in the diagram has been shown to cause obesity, most often through twin studies.

In the case of all (except for MC4R) the quantity of mutations remains insignificant in the average population. However these findings do suggest there can be more common multifactorial influences on susceptibility to adiposity which are likely to be involved in similar pathways (7).

Thrifty gene hypothesis
The thrifty gene hypothesis was first put forward by Neel in 1962 It states that, in history, a genotype that stores energy more efficiently in times of food abundance would have been advantageous to our ancestors to survive times of food shortage. It is widely accepted that this genotype has been naturally selected through years of food shortage but in modern day society has become a source health problems. These days food is almost always easily available so those showing the thrifty phenotype are in constant food storage mode preparing their bodies for a period of food shortage that never comes. This is suggested to be causing the widespread prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes in the developed world.

Title of Part 2
etc...

About References
To insert references and/or footnotes in an article, put the material you want in the reference or footnote between, like this:

.

Look at the reference list below to see how this will look.

If there are more than two authors just put the first author followed by et al. (Person A at al. (2010) etc.)

Select your references carefully - make sure they are cited accurately, and pay attention to the precise formatting style of the references. Your references should be available on PubMed and so will have a PubMed number. (for example PMID: 17011504) Writing this without the colon, (i.e. just writing PMID 17011504) will automatically insert a link to the abstract on PubMed (see the reference to Johnsone et al. in the list.)

Use references sparingly; there's no need to reference every single point, and often a good review will cover several points. However sometimes you will need to use the same reference more than once.

How to write the same reference twice:

Reference: Berridge KC (2007) The debate over dopamine’s role in reward: the case for incentive salience. Psychopharmacology 191:391–431 PMID 17072591

First time:

Second time:

This will appear like this the first time and like this the second time

Figures and Diagrams
You can also insert diagrams or photographs (to Upload files Cz:Upload)). These must be your own original work - and you will therefore be the copyright holder; of course they may be based on or adapted from diagrams produced by others - in which case this must be declared clearly, and the source of the orinal idea must be cited. When you insert a figure or diagram into your article you will be asked to fill out a form in which you declare that you are the copyright holder and that you are willing to allow your work to be freely used by others - choose the "Release to the Public Domain" option when you come to that page of the form.

When you upload your file, give it a short descriptive name, like "Adipocyte.png". Then, if you type in your article, the image will appear on the right hand side.