Urolithiasis

In medicine, urolithiasis if the "formation of stones in any part of the urinary tract, usually in the kidney; urinary bladder; or the ureter."

Classification

 * Ureteral Calculi
 * Kidney Calculi
 * Ureteral Calculi
 * Urinary Bladder Calculi

Etiology/cause

 * Hypercalcuria -     Normal   0               false   false   false      EN-US   X-NONE   X-NONE                                                     MicrosoftInternetExplorer4                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     >140 mg/gm of urine creatinine or >4 mg/kg of body weight
 * Hyperoxaluria - >40mg in 24 hour urine. May be primary or secondary to disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease
 * Normal  0               false   false   false      EN-US   X-NONE   X-NONE                                                     MicrosoftInternetExplorer4                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Hypocitruria
 * Uric acid
 * Normal  0               false   false   false      EN-US   X-NONE   X-NONE                                                     MicrosoftInternetExplorer4                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Struvite
 * Normal  0               false   false   false      EN-US   X-NONE   X-NONE                                                     MicrosoftInternetExplorer4                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Cysteine

Prevention
Chlorthalidone reduces recurrence of calcium oxalate stones.